JOHN L. THOMPSON FIFTY-THIRD ANNUAL REPORT OF THB Indiana State Board of Agriculture VOLUME XL V— 1903-04 INCLUDING THB Proceedings of the Annual Meeting, 1904, Beports of County and District Societies State Meetings of Sidne Breeders, Corn Growers' Association, Farmers' Institutes, Experiment Station, Farmers' Mutual Insurance Companies Union, State Dairy Association, Cattle Breeders' Associations, Etc. LIB^ARV NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN. TO THB GOVaRNOR INDIANAPOLIS: WM. B. BURFORD, CONTRACTOR FOB STATE PRINTING AND BINDING 1904 THE STATE OF INDIANA, Executive Department, Indianapolis, September 30, 1904. Received by the Governor, examined and referred to the Auditor of State for verification of the financial statement. Office op Auditor of State, \ Indianapolis, October 3, 1904. The within report, so far as the same relates to moneys drawn from the State Treasury, viz. : $10,000 named in the within statement, has been exam- ined and found correct. D. E. SHERRICK, Auditor of State. October 3, 1904. Returned by the Auditor of State, with above certificate, and transmitted to Secretary of State for publication, upon the order of the Board of Commis- sioners of Public Printing and Binding. GEO. B. LOCKWOOD, Pnvate Secretary. Filed in the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Indiana, Octo- ber 3, 1904. DANIEL E. STORMS, Secretary of Staie. Received the within report and delivered to the printer this 3d day of October, 1904. THOS. J. CARTER, Glerk Printing Bureau. (3) INDIANA STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. Indianapolis, Ind., August 25, 1904. To His Excellency, Winfield T. Durbin, Governor of Indiana: I beg to submit herewith the report of the proceedings of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture for the year 1903. CIIAELES DOWNING, Secretary. -4- LIBRARY MEMBERS NEWYORK BOTANIC AT OF THK Q A P *^ ' ' Indiana State Board of Agriculture 1903. 1st District— JOHN C. HAINES, Rocliport, Spencer County. 2nd Disti-ict— MASON J. NIBLACK, Vincennes, Knox County. 3rd District— E. S. TUELL, Corydon, Harrison County. 4tli District— JOHN TILSON, Franlilin, Johnson County. 5tli District— H. L. NOWLIN, Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County. 6tli District— KNODE PORTER, Hagerstown, Wayne County. 7th District— DAVID WALLACE, Indianapolis, Marion County. 8th District— SID CONGER, Shelbyville, Shelby County. 9th District— W. T. BEAUCHAMP, Terre Haute, Vigo County. 10th District— OSCAR HADLEY, Danville, Hendricks County. 11th District— M. S. CLAYPOOL, Muncie, Delaware County. 12th District— WM. M. BLACKSTOCK, Lafayette, Tippecanoe County. 13th District— JOHN L. THOMPSON, Gas City, Grant County. 14th District— JOE CUNNINGHAM, Peru, Miami County. 1.5th District— C. B. BENJAMIN, LeRoy, Lake County. 16th District— JAS. E. McDONALD, Ligonier, Noble County. OFFICERS FOR 1903. JOHN L. THOMPSON, President. MASON J. NIBLACK, E. H. PEED, Vice-President. General Superintendent. CHARLES DOWNING, J. W. LAGRANGE, ^i c^ Secretary. Treasurer. 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H 3 ^ 5 L 3 C 3 C ) L 3 c 3 c ) c > c 3 C 3 C 3 <- • a "3 : 1-5 • ta • • -s tchell tehell thart. 3 -z 3 1 : a B 300, S T3 -= J c 1) ^ d ° 1,; a c & < Q ^ 1- • ' -*-3 : B ". :b S 2 1 S ° onald pool., homp aines . Mere ft J P D 2 J 3 ci a q P ► fc ^ 1- ii 5 2 i t 3 P 5 a > 1- in Q ^ D - c :> c ; i 3 s • ( : < 5. ■5 ' 3 1- 5 h i c a d , ■3 ► '• Henry C oococoQOoooooooococooococoo6.ooQOooo>aia:» OiOs »— IrHr^r-Hf— <^H^H»-Hi— (.— (f-Hi-Hr-'r- *t-Ht— er 14, 1903, the Board met. All members and officers present. The fair was declared formally opened. The Board adjourned on motion. JOHN L. THOMPSON, CHAELES DOWNING, President. Secretary. Tuesday morning, September 15, 1003, the Board met. All members and officers were present. The day's program was carried out. JOHN L. THOMPSON, CHAELES DOWNING, President. Secretary. Wednesday morning, September 16, 1903, the Board met. All members and officers were present. Tlie program of the day was carried out. JOHN L. THOMPSON, CHAELES DOWNING, President. Secretary. Thursday morning, September lY, 1903, the Indiana State Board of Agriculture met. All officers and members present. There being nothing of importance to come before the Board, 22 BOARD OF AGRICULTUKE. tlie Board adjourned, and the members assumed charge of their respective departments. JOHN L. THOMPSON, CHARLES DOWNING, President. Secretary. Friday morning, September 18, 1903, the Board met. All officers and members were present. On motion, the Secretary was authorized to issue premium statements to all persons who were awarded prizes during the fair, which the Treasurer was authorized to pay. The program of the day was completed, and the Board directed that the fair close. JOHN L. THOMPSON, CHARLES DOWNING, President. Secretary. Saturday morning, September 19, 1903, the Board met pur- suant to adjournment. There were present all officers and members. On motion of Mr. Beauchamp, seconded by Mr. Tuell, all un- settled matters connected with the fair were referred to the Exec- utive Committee. On motion of Mr. Claypool, seconded by Mr. Porter, all bills made on contracts were authorized to be settled by the President and Secretary. On motion of Mr. Claypool, seconded by Mr. McDonald, the Secretary was authorized to pay all premiums by warrants on the Treasurer, and that all bills of expenses of the fair be paid after being audited by the President and Secretary. On motion of Mr. Claypool, seconded by Mr. McDonald, Mr. M. Z. Rudy was allowed the sum of $150, for expenses on "Dan R," pacer, who was engaged as a special attraction. ANNUAL MEETING. 23 On iiiotion of Mr. Haines, seconded by Mr. Blackstock, the Board adjourned. JOHN L. THOMPSON", CHAKLES DOWNING, President Secretary. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING, NOVEMBER 20, 1903. The Executive Committee of the Indiana State Board of Agri- culture met pursuant to the call of the President. There were present, Hon. John L. Thompson, President, and Messrs. Claypool, McDonald, Wallace, Conger and Niblack. On motion of Mr. Niblack, seconded by Mr. McDonald, the President and Secretary were authorized to arrange the program for the annual meeting of the Board. On motion of Mr. Claypool, seconded by Mr. McDonald, the matter of employing a representative of the Passenger Traffic Association was referred to the President and Secretary, with power to act. On motion of Mr. Wallace, duly seconded, the Secretary was instructed and authorized to employ a stenographer to take down the proceedings of the different industrial association meetings during the annual meeting. On motion of j\[r. McDonald, seconded by Mr. Wallace, the rent for the barns on the fair grounds from October 1st to April 1st was fixed at $20 per month. On motion of Mr. Wallace, seconded bv Mr. McDonald, the President was authorized to have flues built in the horse barns on the fair grounds. On motion of Mr. McDonald, duly seconded, it was ordered that the Executive Committee meet at the Auditorium Hotel in Chicago on December 1, 1903, at 10 o'clock a. m. On motion of Mr. Niblack, seconded by Mr. McDonald, the 24 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. President and Secretary were authorized to attend the meeting of fair managers at Sandusky, Ohio, on December 15, 1903. On motion of Mr. ]\IcDonald, seconded by Mr. Wallace, Mr. A. W. Wishard, of Indianapolis, was retained to look after the claim of the Board for damages against the United States Govern- ment, and that $100 be appropriated to him to meet expenses. On motion of Mr. Wallace,' seconded by Mr. Niblack, the claim of Mrs. Smith was referred to the Secretary, and that Mr. Win- chester be notified to pay Mrs. Smith for the butter left by her on the fair grounds in the dairy building. On motion, the claims presented by the Secretary, warrants Nos. 4 to — , were allowed and ordered paid. JOHN L. THOMPSON, CHAELES DOWNING, President. Secretary. The Executive Committee of the Indiana State Board of Agri- culture met pursuant to order of the committee at the Auditorium Hotel in Chicago, 111., December 1, 1903. There were present, Messrs, Thompson, Wallace, McDonald, Niblack and the Secretary. The Board appeared before the Board of Review of the Ameri- can Trotting Association in the appeal case of E. E. Powell and others against the Board,- and defended the case. On motion, the Secretary was instructed to defend the case brought against the Board by Richardson in Squire Smock's court in Indianapolis. The committee attended the International Live Stock Show and the annual meeting of the American Association of Fairs and Ex- positions in Chicago. i\.djourned. ,^ JOHN L. THOMPSON, CHARLES DOWNING, President. Secretary. CONQRESS OF Indiana Industrial Associations. II^DIAXA DELEGATE STATE BOARD OF AGRI- CULTURE. John L. Thompson, Gas City, President. Mason J. Niblack, Vincennes, Vice-President. Charles Downing, Indianapolis, Secretary. J. W. LaGrange, Franklin, Treasurer. E. H. Peed, New Castle, General Superintendent. TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 5 AND 6, 1904, 10 O'CLOCK A. M. Room 12, State House. Executive Committee. Messrs. Claypool, Niblack, Wallace, McDonald and Conger. Members of the Board. 1st District— John C. Haines Rockport, Ind. 2d District— Mason J. Niblack Vincennes, Ind. 3d District— E. S. Tuell Corydon, Ind. 4th District— John Tilson Frankhn, Ind. 5th District— H. L. Nowlin Lawrenceburg, Ind. 6th District— Knode Porter Hagerstown, Ind. 7th District— David Wallace Indianapolis, Ind. 8th District— Sid Conger Shelby ville, Ind. 9th District— W. T. Beauchamp Terre Haute, Ind. 10th District— Oscar Hadley Danville, Ind. 11th District— M. S. Claypool Muncie, Ind. 12th District— Wm. M. Blackstock Lafayette, Ind. 13th District— John L. Thompson Gas City, Ind. 14th District— Joe Cunningham Peru, Ind. 15th District— C. B. Benjamin Leroy, Ind. 16th District— James E. McDonald Ligonier, Ind. — 25- 26 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. INDIANA STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. John L. Thompson, Gas City, President. Charles Downing, Indianapolis, Secretary. TUESDAY, .JANUARY 5, 1904, 10 O'CLOCK A. M. Room 12, State House. Welcome Address Hon. John W. Holtzman, Mayor of Indianapolis. Registering of Delegates. Address President John L. Thompson. Address Governor W. T. Durbln. Appointment of Committees. Reports of Secretary and Treasurer. Reports of General and Department Superintendents. Address. . . .Hon. W. W. Stevens, of World's Fair Commission of Indiana. Address Prof. H. E. Van Norman, Purdue University. WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 6, 1904, 9:30 O'CLOCK A. M. Reports of Committees. Nomination of Candidates for Membership on the Board. Election of Members. Unfinished Business. Miscellaneous Business Adjournment. INDIANA STATE ASSOCIATION OF FAIR MANAGERS. J. J. Insley, President, Crawfordsville, Ind. W. M. Blackstock, Secretary, Lafayette, Ind. TUESDAY, JANUARY 5, 1904, 1:30 O'CLOCK P. M. Room 11, State House. Annual Address J. J. Insley, President, Crawfordsville, Ind. The Fair— Its Objects and Benefits to Both Town and Country J. Q. Thomas, Rushville, Ind. ANNUAL MEETING. 27 Discussion. Should Countj'^ Fairs Offer Sweepstakes or Grand Cliampion Prizes, and Wliat Changes Can Be Made in the Show Rings to Make Our Fairs More Successful? Wm. Johnson, Ft. Wayne, Ind. Discussion. In What Departments of the Fair Can the Management Be Improved?. . . H. L. Nowlin, Lawrencebux'g, Ind. Discussion, The Future Outlook for County Fairs. .W. M. Blackstock, Lafayette, Ind. Discussion. Miscellaneous Business. Election of Officers. INDIANA CORN GROWERS' ASSOCIATION. H. F. McMahan, President. T. A. Coleman, Vice-President. Scott Meiks, Secretary. TUESDAY, JANUARY 5, 1904. Room 67, ■ State House. Morning Session, 9:15 A. M. Call to Order by President. Address - Gov. W. T. Durbin. Corn Breeding A. T. Wiancko, Lafayette, Ind. Questions and Discussions. Use of Score Card and Improvement of Indiana Corn. Questions, Opinions. What Indiana Should Do at the St. Louis World's Fair L. B. Clore. Miscellaneous Business. Corn Feeders' Session. Afternoon Session, 1 P. M. Election of Officers. Object Lesson in Scoring Corn. Corn Silage and Its Benefit to Feeders T. S. Nugen, Lewisville, Ind. Questions. Handling Beef Cattle for the Best Market A. O. Lockridge, Greencastle, Ind. Questions. Cattle Feeding Experiments J. H. Skinner. Questions. If you have Corn you are proud of or wish to sell for seed, bring five ears and have it scored. 28 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. INDIANA STATE irEREFORI) CATTLE BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION. F. L. Studebakor, President. S. L. AVriglit, Vice-President. C. E. Amsden, Secretary and Ti'easurer. WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 6, 1904, 2 O'CLOCK P. M. Room 12, State House. Remarks by President. Annual Address Frank Van Natta. Beef Cattle M. N. Pai-r. Showing and Fitting F. A. Nave. Discussion led by David Wallace. Report of Secretary and Treasurer. Election of Officers. INDIANA SHORT HORN CATTLE BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION. E. W. Bovi^en, President, Delphi. W. F. Christian, Vice-President, Indianapolis. John G. Gartin, Secretary, Burney. J. E. Silverthorn, Treasurer, Rossville. JANUARY 6 AND 7, 1904. Room 11, State House. Wednesday Afternoon, 2:00 O'Clock. Meeting called to order. Report of Thirty-first Annual Meeting. President's Address E. W. Bowen. Why I Breed Short Horns Dr. W. J. Quick. Short Horn Future Mrs. Virginia C. Meredith. Discussion Captain John Welsh. Adjournment. Evening Session, 7:30 O'Clock. Payment of Dues. What Should We Do for the St. Louis Exposition? S. F. Lockridge. Discussion W. S. Robbins. ANNUAL MEETING. 29 My Experience with Ensilage. .. .Prof. "William Hill, Chicago University. Our State Class and Its Benefits F. W. Cotton. Discussion Colonel Dave Wallace. Adjournment. Thursday Morning, January 7, 9:30 O'Clock. Meeting called to order. How to Feed a Show Steer from Birth to Three Years Old Prof. Skinner, of Purdue University. Discussion Luther Moorman. Selection and Care of a Herd Bull H. H. Keim. Discussion James M. Donnelly and W. G. Riley. Election of Officers. Adjournment. INDIANA ANGUS CATTLE BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION. Will R. Pleak, President, Greensburg, Ind. Geo. W. Henderson, Secretary, Lebanon, Ind. JANUARY 6, 1904, AT 2:00 O'CLOCK P. M. Afternoon Session. 2:00. Meeting called to order and President's Address. 2:30. Roll call. Minutes of Previous Meeting. 3:00. Reports of Officers and Committees. 3:30. Election of Officers. ' ' 4:00. Unfinished and New Business, and social hour. Adjournment. Evening Session. 7:30. Angus Talk and What I Saw on My Visit to Scotland W. H. Goodwine, West Lebanon, Ind. 8:15. Things That Most Interest Breeders of Angus Cattle O. E. Bradfute, Cedarville, Ohio. 30 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. INDIANA SWINE BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION. J. B. Luystei", President, Franklin, Ind. A. S. Gilmorc, Vice-President, Greensburg, Ind. W. R. Midliiff, Secretary, Shelbyville, Ind. Allen Beeler, Treasurer, Liberty, Ind. Executive Committee. L. L. Mooreman, F. F. Moore, L. L. Henshaw. THURSDAY, JANUARY 7, 1904, 9 O'CLOCK A. M. Address by President. Minutes of Last Meeting. Effects of Feed on Size and Quality of Bone E. J. Barker, Thorntown, Ind. Discussed by W. S. Johnston, New Augusta, Ind. Some of the Difficulties which Swine Breeders Have to Encounter, and How to Overcome Them W. O. Canaday, Frankton, Ind. Discussed by W. O. Smiley, Judson, Ind. What Constitutes the Real Value of Breeding Animals, and Why Do Breeders Pay Seemingly High Prices for Some Animals and Refuse to Buy Others That Are Seemingly Better at Low Prices? Col. C. A. Travis, Lafayette, Ind. Discussed by Col. Allie Powell, Wabash, Ind. Some Leaks in Raising and Disposing of Pedigreed Hogs Joe Cunningham, Peru, Ind. Discussed by Line Lukens, Disco, Ind. The Swine Breeder and His Pedigrees. .W. H. Morris, Indianapolis, Ind. General Discussion. Has the Price of Breeding Hogs Decreased in the Past Twelve Months; If so. What is the Cause of Same? Lloyd Mugg, Kokomo, Ind. Discussed by Joe Cunningham, Peru, Ind. Best Way to Make Money Out of Hogs. .Chas. Lockhart, Martinsville, Ind. Discussed by Allen Beeler, Liberty, Ind. When Animals Are Sold Guaranteed to Breed, What Responsibility At- taches to the Seller and What to the Buyer? Col. David B. Wallace, Indianapolis, Ind. Discussed by Walter J. Quick, Winchester, Ind. Which is Most Profitable, the Large, Medium or Small Hog? Is the De- mand for Large Hogs Greater Now Than in Past Years? F. F. Moore, Rochester, Ind. Discussed by C. C. Cotton, Manilla, Ind. ANNUAL MEETING. 31 Is a Breeder Justified in Selling His Seconds or Culls to the Farmer Trade? F. P. Modlin, New Castle, Ind Discussed by Marie Riley, Thorntown, Ind. How Shall We. as Swine Breeders, Proceed to Secure Competent Judges for the World's Fair of 1904? General Discussion. SPECIAL NOTICE. Banquet at Dennison Hotel, Thursday, January 7, at 7:30 p. m. BANQUET COMMITTEE. John Harcourt, M. W. Neal, J. B. Luyster, David B. Wallace, W. S. Johnson, Chas. B. Lockhart, E. K. Moi-ris, A. F. May. Swine Breeders' Headquarters, Oneida Hotel, South Illinois Street. FARMERS' MUTUAL INSURAN'CE COMPANIES' UNION OF INDIANA. Aaron Jones, President, South Bend, Ind. H. L. Nowlin, Secretary, Lawrenceburg, Ind. THURSDAY AND FRIDAY, JANUARY 7 AND 8, 1904. Room 12, State House. Thursday, 10:00 A. M Call to Order. Address of Welcome Governor W. T. Durbin. Response L. E. Collier, Koliomo. President's Annual Address Aaron Jones, South Bend. Appointment of Committees. The Best Method of Occupying the Entire Field for Mutual Insurance. . . . Dr. Joseph Saunders, Anderson. 1:30 P. M. Enrollment of Members. How Can the Farmers Best be Educated in the Matter of Insurance W. R. Clore, Franklin. What Mutual Insurance is Doing for the Farmers of Indiana L. W. Dunfee, Columbia City. Cyclone Insurance Hon. George V. Kell, Huntertown. How Shall We Get the Companies to Join Our Union; A. L. Heim, Boonvllle. Address Judge B. M. Coflln, Lincoln, Neb. 32 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. Friday, 9:30 A. M. Report of Companies by Delegates. Making and Collecting Assessments I, M. Miller, Upland. Should Mutual Insurance Companies be Restricted as to Territory D. F. Clark, Mulberry. What Mutual Insurance Companies Owe Their Employes, and Vice Versa L. J. Hook, Stockport. Report of Secretary and Treasurer, Report of Auditing Committee. Election of Officers. 1:30 P. M. Appointment of Standing Committees. The Value of Printers' Ink in the Mutual Insurance Work. . . .• H. F. Hitchcock, Lincoln, Neb. Miscellaneous Business and Adjournment. OTHER ASSOCIATIONS MEETING AT INDIANAPOLIS DURING THE WEEK OF JANUARY 5, 1904. INDIANA WOOL GROWERS' ASSOCIATION. W. H. Thornburg, President, Alexandria, Ind. J. W. Robe, Secretary, Greencastle, Ind. Tuesday, January 5, 1904, at 1:30 p. m., at the State House. CENTRAL POLAND CHINA RECORD ASSOCIATION. Adam F. May, President, Flat Rock, Ind. W. H. Morris, Secretary, Indianapolis, Ind. Wednesday, January G, 1904, at 2 p. m., at the State House. INDIANA CHESTER WHITE SWINE BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION. L. A. Hinshaw, President, Zionsville, Ind. W. H. Morris, Secretary, Indianapolis, Ind. Thursday, January 7, 1904, at 4 p. m., at the State House. INDIANA DUROC-JERSEY SWINE BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION. W. E. Jackson, President, Knightstown, Ind. J. M. Phelps, Secretary and Treasurer, New Castle, Ind. Thursday, January 7, 1904, at 5 p. m., and Friday, January 8, 1904, at 9 a. m., at the State House. 3-Agri. -33- 34 BOARD OF AGRICULTimE. INDIANA POLAND CHINA SWINP] BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION. Adam F. May, President, Flat Rock, Ind. W. H. Morris, Secretary. Indianapolis, Ind. Wednesday, January 6, 1904, at 7:30 p. m. INDIANA JERSEY CATTLE" CLUB. M. A. McDonald, President, West Lebanon, Ind. C. C. Topp, Secretary, Indianapolis, Ind. Wednesday. January 6, 1904. PROCEEDINGS OP THE FIFTY-SECOND ANNUAL CONVENTION OF Indiana Delegate State Board of Agriculture, Tuesday and Wednesday, January ^-*5, 1904. The first session was called to order at 10 a. m,, January 5, 1904, by the President, John L. Thompson. A roll-call of members of the Indiana State Board of Agri- culture, by Secretary Charles Downing, showed the following members present: First District — John C. Haines, Rockport, Spencer County. Second District — Mason J. Niblack, Vincennes, Knox County. Third District — E. S. Tuell, Corydon, Harrison County. Fourth District — John Tilson, Franklin, Johnson County. Fifth District — H. L. jSTowlin, Lawrenceburg, Dearborn County. Sixth District — Knode Porter, Hagerstown, Wayne County. Seventh District — David Wallace, Indianapolis. Eighth District — Sid Conger, Shelbyville, Shelby County. Ninth District — W. T. Beauchamp, Terre Haute, Vigo County. Tenth District — Oscar Hadley, Danville, Hendricks County. Eleventh District — ]\[arc S. Claypool, Muncie, Delaware County. Twelfth District — Wm. M. Blackstock, Lafayette, Tippecanoe County. Thirteenth District — John L. Thompson, Gas City, Grant County. -35- 3G BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. Fourteenth District — Joe Cumiingliam, Pern, Miami County. Fifteenth District — C. B. Benjamin, Leroy, Lake County. Sixteenth District — James E. McDonahl, Ligonier, Noble County. Hon. Jolm W. Iloltzman, Mayor of Indianapolis, in welcoming the State Board members to the city, said: Mr. President and Gentlemen: I hardly know how to address so varied an audience except to say "Gentlemen," and if Sid Conger will excuse me I will use that term. I had hardly expected to be able to be with you this morning, although I want to assure you that it is a pleasure to meet Avith you; but since going into office on the fil'toonth day of last October 1 have been ruther busy, and have had very little time to prepare speeches for any occasion. On that score, I have no doubt, you will all feel like congratulating yourselves, because you will escape what would probably be a long, tedious and dry address. I do want to say that on behalf of the city of Indianapolis we appre- ciate the work done by the A'arious associations which meet here in these conventions. Indiana is a great State, with most wonderful and varied resources. And while Indianapolis is becoming a large manufac- turing center, that, after all, is but a small part of the business of the city. If the great growth and development of the city of Indianapolis is to continue she must in the future, as she has in the past, depend upon the agricultural districts for the support which Avill make that gi'owth possible. I will not say that I feel like congratulating the gentle- men who are here, the farmers of the State of Indiana, for the progress they have made in the last decade or two. Dave Wallace told me to say I had been a farmer and I would be all right. I Avas raised on a farm. In the days when I did farming it was done in rather a crude way. We planted corn simply because it was corn, and there was no pedigree about it. It was the same about the raising of hogs. There was some effort made in the raising of cattle to improve the stock, and there was still more of an effort made towards improving the breeds of horses, but there was nothing Hke the care that is exercised in these matters now. There is a greater degree of intelligence exercised now in the tilling of the soil than there was in the days when I Avas a boy on the farm. People are becoming educated to the fact that there is something more than the mere putting of the seed in the ground; they have learned that there is a great deal in the selection of that seed. Since the days when I was a boy on the farm, a great many other things have occurred in this country, and some of them very recently. One of these things is the rural mail routes, which ANNUAL MEETING. 37 makes it possible for tlie farmers to get the daily papers every evening to read at their own firesides. We used to have to be satisfied with a weekly paper, which we got when we Avent to town on Saturday. By getting together here and exchanging views you will still further improve the conditions of yourselves and your neighbors. And not only that, but by the exhibitions you give at our State and county fairs you are interesting the public in your work. Allow me to say again that in behalf of the city of Indianapolis we welcome you. We are glad to have you with us, and we want you to enjoy while you are here all the good things we have in the city. I think we have the most beautiful, the most progressive, and I might say the most moral inland city in the world. We are pleased to have you come to us in conventions like this, bringing the highest and the best from the various parts of the State of Iildiana. In conclusion I will say that, as far as lies in my power, anything I can do to make your stay pleasant will be gladly done, even to giving you the keys of the city. And if anything should happen to you while you are here, if you will call me up I will see that our metropolitan police force will furnish you a conveyance to take you to your various places of abode. The fact of the matter is that I have already had one call. Mr. Conger has sent word that he wants a patrol wagon to help him to get to hi^ home at 7 o'clock this evening. He said he had fallen into bad company and hud been kept up until 3 o'clock this morning, and he would need our help to get home. I am verj' glad to have met you, and would be glad to have you come to my office while you are in the city. There I shall be glad to shake you by the hand. The following reports were read by Secretary Downing: SECRETARY'S REPORT. Indianapolis, January 5, 1904. To the President and Members of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture: Gentlemen— I herewith submit a report of the receipts and disburse- ments of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture for the year ending January 5, 1904, as follows: Receipts. Balance in Treasurer's hands January 5, 1903 $2,213 25 Appropriations from the State $10,000 00 Rent from track, stable and grounds 2,433 18 Stall and pen rent 2,009 00 Privileges 5,277 60 Admissions 33,017 25 38 BOAKD OF AGRICULTURE. Entry fees 2.139 00 Exhibitors' tickets 810 00 Special premiums 1,239 GO Loans 1,277 GO 58,803 13 Total receipts $G1,01G 38 Paid to Treasurer as per receipts 58,803 13 Disbursements, Warrants Drawn. Members' per diem $4,236 92 Salaries of officers 3,248 95 Coustructiou, labor and repairs G,055 37 Insurance 1,239 91 Loans repaid - 4,800 00 Postage, t^egi-apb and telephones 72G 73 Freight and express 435 04 Printing, stationery and office supplies 1,145 10 Advertising 5,213 27 Police 472 05 Assistant Superintendents and Judges 3,159 G9 Fair supplies 2,44G G7 Premiums 18,828 51 Special attractions 3,7G5 00 Special ticliets redeemed 123 00 Music 560 00 Miscellaneous 1,774 57 Balance 2,785 60 Total $61,016 38 The following is a complete list of all warrants issued during the 3'ear ending January 5, 1904, which are unpaid and outstanding at this date: No. 570. Clerk of the Marion Circuit Court $11 40 " 578. Lilly & Stalnaker 8 65 " 883. Farmer's Advance : 2 00 " 116G. D. B. Winchester 30 00 " 1167. Charles Downing 75 00 " 1168. John Hohn 12 00 " 1169. Indianapolis Mortar Fuel Co 1 20 " 1170. Balke & Krauss 11 62 " 1171. The A. Burdsal Co 2 52 " 1172. Lilly & Stalnaker 3 52 " 1173. Smith Premier Type Writer Co 7 15 ANNUAL MEETING. 39 No. 1174. Will. B. Burford $26 95 " 1175. Richardsoa-Kothe Co 459 12 " 1176. Hummel & Cones 3 00 " 1177. D. B. Winchester 37 00 " 1179. J. E. McDonald 22 00 " 1180. Richardson 22 00 " 1182. Mason J. Niblack 36 90 " 1183. David Wallace 25 00 " 1184. John L. Thompson 62 50 " 1185. Charles Downing 66 25 " 1186. Central Union Telephone Co 26 20 " 1187. New Telephone Co 42 95 Total $994 93 Statement op the Fair of 1903. Eeceipts. Admissions .$33,617 25 Privileges 5,277 60 Entry fees 2,139 00 Exhibitors' ticl^ets sold 810 00 Stall and pen routs 2,009 00 Special prizes 1,239 50 Total $45,092 35 « Disbursements. Premiums- Speed horses $2,800 00 Show 2,775 00 Cattle . 5,572 54 Sheep 1,560 02 Swine 1,375 00 Poultry 1,359 00 Fruits 538 50 Flowers 421 50 Bees and honey 10 00 Dairy products 158 00 Agriculture 811 25 Art 1,308 20 Table lu.xuries 139 50 Special attractions 3,705 00 Members' per diem for the year 4,236 92 Oflacers' salaries for the year 3,248 95 40 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. Postage, tcloKrapb aud tolophoue for the year 72G 73 Freight and express for the year 435 04 Priutiug, stationery and officers' supplies for the year 1,145 10 Advertising 5,213 27 Assistant Superintendents and Judges 3,159 GO Police 472 05 Supplies for the fair 2,446 67 Special tickets redeemed 123 00 Music for the fair 5G0 00 Profits of the fair ^ 731 42 Total $45,092 35 Respectfully submitted, CHARLES DOWNING, Secretary. TREASURER'S REPORT. To the President and Members of the Board: Gentlemen— I herewith submit my report for the year ending January 5, 1904, as follows: Receipts. . * Balance from 1902 $2,213 25 Received from Secretary 25,185 88 Admissions : 33,617 25 Total receipts $61,016 38 Disbursements. Warrants of 1902 paid in 1903 $424 62 Warrants of 1903 57,235 85 Outstanding 994 22 Balance on hand 2,360 98 $3,355 91 $61,016 38 Respectfully submitted, J. W. LAGRANGE, Treasurer. On iTiotioii, the reports of the Secretary and Treasurer were re- ferred to the Auditing Committee. ANNUAL MEETING. 41 The President appointed the following committees : Auditing Committee: Knode Porter, M. S. Claypool and Joe Cunningham. Committee on Credentials : M. A. McDonald, Oscar Hadley and W. T. Beauchamp. Vice-President, Mason J. ISTiblack, presided while the President read his annual address, as follows : ' PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. Gentlemen of the State Board of Agriculture: Your Board has had a year of pleutj', and it is facing a future that is aglow with promise. You have an enterprise in your keeping that has grown marvouslj' in these later jears and it is one which gives evidence of much greater growth if you give it the same thought and care which you have in the past bestowed upon it. Your last fair was your largest and best one because of the energy you placed behind it, and because of the ripe experience which you brought to its support. As a result, you gave one of the few fairs which has enabled you to clean your books of all obligations, have a neat balance with which to begin you efforts this year and, in addition, you have paid off an old obligation of $4,800. You accomplished much more than these things with your last fair. You quickened public interest in your exhibition more than jou ever did before. You have reached into the far corners of the State with the doctrine that your fair is an v\plifting force, whose benefits spread in all directions and to all classes of our population. It has been demon- strated that agriculture and its kindred industries form the dominating force which in recent years has been the greatest earner of material wealth in Indiana. Through your own effort, through the kindness of the public press, and through the word of the tiller of the soil and the herder of the flocks, it has gone abroad that your State Fair was the training school, the source of inspiration. Avliicli has led the farmer and live-stock man to strive for greater things; and as he has accomplished his ends, he has dispersed his gain until all the State has shared in it. I urge you to greater efforts to spread the word of what your Board is, what its purposes are, what it has done and what it hopes to do. Cast this bread upon the waters and in time it will come back to you many fold. For fifty years your predecessors, as you are doing, fought their financial battles alone and distributed their victories for the benefit of people of high and low degi'ee throughout our commonwealth, each year lifting Indiana into higher rank and into greater wealth as an 42 BOARD OF AQEICULTUEE. agricultural aud live stock State. Spread this word, I say, until iu time it will ring in the ears of those who should give it greatest heed— tin,' General Assembly of Indiana. I say it iu sincerity aud iu kindest spirii. that the General Assembly will awaken to the worth of your cause, when it will become imbued with a spirit of generosity and place your enter- prise where it will be safe from linancial storms and where it will take rank with the State fairs of Illinois, Ohio and the larger ones of othei' States. 1 believe the Legislature will awaken to the fact that yours is a wgrk for the greatest good to the greatest number; that it is not an enterprise for private greed or gain; that you have a school for the grower of grain and the breeder of live stock— a clearing house where buyer and seller may meet on common ground. Through this school of instruction you are improving the farmer, and he in turn is spreading his gains with beneticent hand among the people about him. In due time these blessings turn into commercial channels which supply our cities and towns with their very lifeblood. I believe the time will come iu the counties of Indiana, as it has already come in the counties of Illinois, when a seeker after a seat in our Legislature Avill have to pledge his material support to the Indiana State Fair before the people will elect him. Year by year it becomes more apparent that your Board should look to the interests and entertainment of fair visitors who are not directly interested in agriculture aud its allied branches. The farmer from year to year finds his eyes and thoughts centered upon the live stock and products of the soil which exhibitors have to offer. They lose none of their freshness for him. But it is the element of people who are not so jclosely identilied Avith these things which you should encourage in every possible way to come to the fair. The Board should be ever on • the alert for fresh attractions of high quality, of good moral tone— the kind that are not i-egarded -as a waste of time by visitors who would give them attention. I doubt if in all the years that Indiana has had a State Fair it has offered a feature which aroused such general enthusiasm as the parades of horses and cattle at the exhibition of last September. These parades held the attention of the raiser and buyer of live stock, they won warm favor from the transient visitor, and in many ways was demonstrated their worth as a leading attraction. I urge that these parades be continued from year to year and that methods for broadening them in as many directions as possible be found. I recommend that the parades and the general attractions of the fair be placed under the directions of a chief marshal, who shall be a member of the Board. It has been demonstrated that the General Superintendent is too much involved in other important duties to give attention to the parades and similar shows about the grounds. The gravest question which will confront you during the year will be that of whether, in view of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, an ANNTTAL MEETING. 43 attempt should be made to hold a State Fair in Indianapolis next Sep- tember. I urge you to dispose of this question with greatest caution. I seriously doubt the wisdom of undertaking a fair this year. The greater one at St. Louis will draw upon the resources and patronage of all State fairs to a very great extent. The farmer and the city man will be a patron of the World's Fair because of the larger opportunities for observation. It will attract the better grade of exhibits because of greater opportunities to win higher laurels than a State Fair has to offer. The only argument which occurs to me in favor of holding a State Fair would be that of holding our list of regular exhibitors. In view of their loyal support from year to yeai', I doubt if they would desert the Indiana Fair should it be abandoned for one year. In 1893 the Indiana Fair had an overwhelming competitor in the Chicago World's Fair, and that year the Indiana Fair lost $11,000. I am afraid that the Indiana Fair would this year have still more disastrous results. You will find the business men of Indianapolis opposed to the idea of abandoning our fair this year. In the light of support from this element in other years, and in view of our own interests, I doubt the wisdom of taking Indianapolis into the reckoning. I urge you to give consideration to the plea from Indianapolis only after the people of that city give substantial evidence that they are willing to join forces with our Board in making the fair a success in a very doubtful year. This evidence should be something more material than the bare promise of support. This Board has for fifty years sought to obtain the help of Indianapolis people to make the fair a success. The Board has exhausted its ingenuity in providing entertainment for Indianapolis people, and those attractions which before the fair would be most promising, would when the fair came on, and response was expected from Indianapolis people, fail entirely. If Indianapolis feels that a State Fair is so im- portant to its interests this year, tliat city should make known its wants and to what degree the want exists. I have little faith in conferences between our Board and committees representing commercial bodies of the city. They have been fruitless of results in other years so far as attendance or genuine support from the city was concerned. I am con- vinced that the efforts of the Board in the future should be directed toward providing for its most loyal supporters— the people of the inter- urban and smaller railroad towns of the State and those of the country districts. I urge the Board to give serious consideration to the question of en- larging the powers of its Secretary and changing his title to that of General Manager. The position is no longer a clerical one. It requires a man of experience and business ability to properly attend to the many duties. He must necessarily keep pace with our growing enterprise. The President of your Board now has to bear the burden of many affairs which would more lightly fall upon a General Manager. The General 44 BOARD OF AGEICULTURE. Manager would, as is the Secretary, be in the otlice of the Board from one fair to another, and as each fair came on he would keep in touch with the slightest details. The President of the Board can npt be in Indianapolis throughout the year, and the General Manager should have power to dispose of questions of lesser importance, which now only the President can dispose of. Under present arrangements many of the little details are not worked out until the day the fair begins, and maybe later, Avhile, if you will confer the authority on a General Manager he can dispose of them weeks before the fair comes on. I am confident that by broadening the powers of the Secretary and giving him a title which befits his higher station, you will broaden his usefulness and clear your President of many bothersome trifles which hinder him beyond measure while the fair is in progress. One of your growing sources of revenue is the mile race track, where through spring and summer horses are in training for their work on the circuits. As time goes by it becomes clearer that this track is one of the Board's best investments and every effort should be put forward to make it a still greater producer of revenue. At the same time it should be protected and made as serviceable as possible. Its value can be largely increased to horsemen by resoiling its surface, and I recom- mend that tlie Board do this needed work as soon as the season will permit. The half-mile track has fully demonstrated its value, and it will have still greater worth if the Board will place it in such condition that it can be used as a wet weather track. I recommend that in the future a provision of race entries roonirc that horses shall start in events on the half mile track, w^hen the u.>ather puts the mile course out of condition. The litigation growing out of the right of the Board to purchase the 134 acres of land owned by Mrs. Theresa N. Smith held under lease and option to purchase by the Board, is still pending in the courts and unde- termined. The decisions of the courts upon the pleadings in the case up to this time have been favorable to the Board, and we have the assur- ance of our counsel that we are in a fair way to be successful in the end. I am heartily thankful to every member of this body for aid during the past year. • It is upon you that I have leaned for support, and what- ever success this administration has had is due to your sustaining force i-ather than to what I have done. To the heads of departments I have tui'ned many times and found them eager to give their help. My thanks are due the General Superintendent for his constant energy. I have found our Secretary alert and tireless in his efforts, always turning his ability into the channel which would bring the most good to the Board. Your Treasurer has served you well and I have found him to be faithful and diligent in purpose. To the Board and its enterprise I give my best wishes for a deserved prosperity, which will come from work well done. ANNUAL MEETING. 45 On motion, the address of the President was referred to the Com- mittee on President's Address, viz. : David Wallace, Warder W. Stevens and II. L. ^^Towlin. Plon. W. W. Stevens, a member of the World's Fair Commis- sion of Indiana, made the following address : Mr. President and Gentlemen — I esteem it quite an honor to appear before j'ou today to say a word in regard to Indiana at the coming World's I air. I hiive been requested to confine my remarks to the agricultural feature of our State exhibit, but I shall also say samething about our Indiana building, which is now about completed. This is something you are all interested in. Indi- ana will have the most comjilete club house that will be found upon the Louisiana Purchase Exposition grounds. It will not be the most expensive, but for the purpose of a club house it will be the most con- venient on the grounds. I want to add this much in a general way also, that the Indiana World's Fair Commission members are the servants of the people of Indiana, and they will spare no time, pains or means in order to accommodate all the good people of the State. I tind there is one thing more particularly than any other that the people of Indiana want to be looked after, and that is in the way of accommodations at St. Louis. This commission is going to arrange so that every one who attends this World's Fair will have no room for complaint when they go away about being swindled and overcharged. Make your wants known to the commission, and you will be taken care of. INDIANA AT THE WORLD'S FAIR. Those who have not kept in touch with the work that has been done to develop the Louisiana Purchase Exposition can scarcely realize the fact or endorse the statement that the greatest fair the world has ever seen is near at hand, both as to time and place. It was generally conceded by visitors at the World's Columbian Ex- position that its equal would hardly he seen again by the present genera- tion, but we live in an age of rapid advancement and miraculous achieve- ments, so that it is impossible for the mind of man to even conceive what a day may bring forth. From April 30 to December 1, 1904, there will be on exhibition at St. Louis a congregation of the latest and greatest products that men and nations of all this world have developed along every line of industrial life, liberal and tine arts, science and invention. Our own Government will spend more money, by several millions, and Install a much larger exhibit than it has ever done at any previous 46 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. World's Fair. The several States will vie with each other as they have never done before in the display of their varied industries, making prom- inent those features which are likely to add most to their prosperity and development. Greater inducements are held out to individual exhibitors in the mat- ter of accommodations and awards than have ever been offered by any previous World's Fair management, and the result has been the awaken- ing of a wide general interest, and the most extensive and thorough prep- aration all along the line where exhibits are to be made. In this display many are no doubt anxious to know what Indiana is going to do. We all believe and know our State is one of the greatest in the nation. Its development has been miraculous when we take into consideration the fact tliat one biuidred j'ears ago nearly all our lands were owned by savages, there being then but two or three thousand whites in all our present domain. But our soil and our climate proved to be of the most genial nature, and development was rapid. For the first sixty years of our existence as a territory and State, agriculture was our chief industry and it leads all others combined today. We have had thirty years of remarkable development in our manufacturing industries, but their gross output— the products of more than 23,000 plants, large and small— fall many millions of dollars below the total of grain and stock products that are sent out from our farms. Vei*y few realize that the annual contribution of wealth to the State from this one source amounts to over .$2.50,000,000. And Indiana will always be one of the great cereal-producing States of the Union, and whatever we do to foster and build up this industry will contribute most to our material advancement. I have been asked to come before this Agricultui-al Board and briefly speak of the efforts that are being put forth to bring out a creditable display of Indiana's farm products at the St. Louis Exposition. Our last Legislature voted an appropriation of $150,000, and provided for the appointment of a commission to exploit Indiana's varied industries at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. The first appropriation made for ex- hibits by the commission was the sum of $20,000 for the purpose of collecting and installing the agricultural, horticultural and dairy products of the State and to aid in bringing out a creditable exhibit of live stock. The committee to whom this work was intrusted has been industriously at work for the past nine months, and has met with a great deal of encouragement from the enterprising citizens of the State, who realize the importance and necessity of doing this work Avell. The result has been that in the horticultural department several hundred bushels of as fine fruits as can be found anywhere in the whole country have been safely housed in cold storage, ready for display at the opening of the fair. This has been accomplished notwithstanding the fact that the past year was not a favorable one for fruit culture. ANNUAL MEETING. 47 Tlie dairymen of the State are all in line preparing specimens of butter and cheese for exhibition under the instruction of experts, and we are thus assured that this exhibit will be one that all who are inter- ested in the work will be proud of. The special feature of this exhibit will be some modeling in butter. This will be an object lesson showing side by side the products obtained from a scrub and thoroughbred dairy cow. It will consist of two butter calves, fashioned by one of the besi artists that can be found in the country, one being made up of the butter product from a scrub cow for one year, the other the butter made from an extra tine dairy animal for the same period. We expect this to be one of the great attractive features of the dairy exhibit at the World's Fair. Every county in the State has been solicited to take part in the gen- eral agricultural display, by the appointment of an active agent in each county to solicit and get together exhibits. Most of these agents are doing faithful, energetic work, and in several counties special appro- priations have been asked for and granted by the county commissioners. In some instances a considerable fund has been raised by private dona- tion, and in others necessary material has been secured by working ujt corn shows. Just how large this general agricultural exhibit will be wu are not able to state, but one thing we are assured of, that it will ))»• the most extensive that has ever gone out of the State. A special corn show will be the main feature of Indiana's grain exhibit. About $7,500 have been set aside to complete this show. The very best experts in the line of installing such an exhibit, to be found in the State, are now at work preparing attractive features for this display. - The services of the best corn artists to be found in the whole country have also been secured to execute farm scenes and statues from different colored corn, the like of which has never been seen at any previous AVorld's Fair. Our live stock interests are being looked after by men who are very much interested in keeping up the reputation of the State as well as looking after individual interests. Superintendents of the various breeds of stock have been selected to get out the very best animals, flocks and herds to be found in the State, and see to it that all exhibition stock are put in the finest possible show condition. Indiana is naturally the great live stock center of the whole country, and is producing as much fine breeding stock as any other State. The breeders seem to be fully awake to the importance of making a grand display at St. Louis, and if they do not give us a show that we will all be proud of and come in for the lion's share of the laurels as well as the prizes to be awarded, we fail to read the signs of the times aright. The commission proposes to assist stock breeders by paying freights upon all meritorious animals placed on exhibition. An industi-y that is worth over $50,000,000 annually to the State deserves the most liberal encouragement that can possibly be extended to it. 48 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. This is, ill Jjrief, tlio plan upou which Ihu Indiana World's Fair Com- missiou is laboring to bring out a creditable display of agricultural prod- ucts. The heartj', earnest, enthusiastic co-operation of all who are labor- ing along those lines must be secured to bring about the most desii'able results and rewards, as well as credit, to our commonwealth. We are all proud, and have a riglit to be, of our past achievements, but we must look well to the future if we are to retain our prestige among the proud, progressive and incomparable galaxy of States, the present wonder of the world along the line of progress and achievement. Now, I am glad to be able to appear before this body of representa- tive agriculturists and tell you at first hand what our aims and ambitions are, and to invoke your interest and hearty co-operation. I desire to appeal to you for some sort of substantial aid and encouragement, such as may be in your power to contribute. The World's Fair Commission has done all it can in the matter with the means at its command. If a State agricultural society stands for anything it is for the promotion of agricultnre and its allied industries— the uplifting of by far the largest class of our people representing our greatest industry. And any society that is backed up, as this one is, by liberal State aid can and should be a power for good along lines of work for which it was created. May I suggest that you seriously consider this proposition at an early day and decide to do something to encourage our display at St. Louis— some- thing that would help to bring out the very best of everything, and any- thing that would help to demonstrate to the world Indiana's greatness as an agricultural State. It would have been strictly proper and appro- priate for this Board to have been the prime and leading factor in carrying this w'ork to a successful conclusion. You should have com- manded and demanded this recognition. However, there are many things you can do that would redound to your honor and the credit of the State. I might suggest the offering of special premiums, the development of extra interest along special lines of work in your several localities, a bureau of promotion, and many other things that might suggest them- selves to a State Agricultural Board. This could be done independently or in co-operation with the commission, as you might determine. If you decide that it is not advisable to hold a State Fair the coming season, which in all probability will be the wise thing to do, your whole efforts could be directed to this work. And as you have an annual appropria- tion from the State to be used for the advancement of general agricul- ture, why could you not use a portion of same for premiums and awards to Indiana exhibitors at St. Louis who help to maintain our reputation and build up our farming industries. A tree is known by its fruits, and man, either individually or collectively, gains reputation and achieves honor by his good works. We venture the assertion that there isn't an enterprising taxpayer in the State who finds fault with the law appro- ANNUAL MEETING. 49 priating funds to make our exhibit at St. Louis a creditable one— some- thing we will all be proud of. And whatever this Board may do to further the cause, of which it is the aclcnowledged head, will be heartily concurred in by those who contribute to its support. Governor Durbin was introduced and addressed the meeting, as follows : Mr. President and Gentlemen: This has been a morning of meetings and talks by the Governor. I shall not say that he is altogether talked out, but now approaches a subject which he has done largely by proxy. You may not expect to get any information from what I have to saj', but I should like to say that only this day 1 have asked of the department in Washington to have installed in our State a station to test our soils, to tell us what they are domposed of, and what is the most needful thing' to do to get the best results. If I can not tell you how to do it, I may be the means of getting a hand that will be of some assistance to you. You are gathered here for a specific purpose, namely, the advance- ment of certain farm interests, and while as a boy I did more or less first-hand farming, at 25 cents per day, in later years have done con- siderable tilling of the soil by proxy, and at all times have looked upon the lot of the successful agriculturalist as a species of unusual good furtune, it is doubtful if I could say anything that would enable you gentlemen to better promote the already high standard of stockraising in Hoosierdom. Hence, I shall speak briefly, giving my time to those who are prepared to contribute to the furtherance of the particular pur- pose for which j'ou are assembled. First of all, let me saj', if the Mayor of this good city has not fully satisfied you on that point, that j^ou are heartily welcome here. When the custodian of the State House told me yesterday that the meetings of the several branches of this organization scheduled for the State House threatened to overflow this vast building from cellar to dome, I told him that we farmers must have all the elbow room we needed here even if public business had to halt for a day or two. Let me say, further, that it is a careless observer of conditions in this State, who does not recognize, as the chief source of the greatness of this commonwealth, the fact that rural life is still a vital, if not indeed a dominating, factor in our civilization. I am thankful that Indiana is not a State of great cities, that practically all of the people of this commonwealth live where there is light and sunshine enough to go 'round, and elbow room for every one. The country is more prolific than the city in the production of those sturdy virtues which make for good citizenship, for loyalty to law and order and devotion to our institu- tions. Only the current of healthful Americanism which the farms of 4— Agri. 50 BOARD OF AGRIOULTUEE. tilis couutry have poured into our centers of population, bas prevented decay and deterioration in these crowded quarters. ^ye may congratulate ourselves, however, upon the fact that in recent years, especially, the farm has come to be something more than a\ recruiting station for the city. American farm life in the Middle West, more particularly, has during the past decade, come to take on an attract- ive character peculiar to itself. The improvement of means of com munication and intercourse, manifesting itself in the multiplication and betterment of highways and the abolition of toll gates, the extension of the trolley line and the telephone to the rural districts, and last, thougli not least, the bestowal of daily mail facilities upon thousands of farm households through the wise generosity of the government, all these things have served to place rural life in intimate touch with the activi- ties of the world outside. Along with all these things, and the prosperity ^with which the American farmer has been blessed during the past few years, has come an appreciation on the part of farmers generally that they are as much entitled to the comforts and conveniences and luxuries of life as their city neighbors— and they are getting them. Indiana farm life as it is today and as it Avas forty years ago are as different as two things well could be. The farm is no longer a synonjjm for monotony, drudgery and isolation. It is an active factor in the industrial world, and farming is as much a business today as any branch of manu- facture or trade. Organizations such as these represented here today have borne a large part in lifting agriculture to the high plane it occupies today, and the interest which attends this gathering constitutes a promise of future progress. At gatherings of farmers for many years there has been liberal dis cussion of the question: "How to Keep the Boys and Girls on the Farm?" As a general proposition this problem has been answered by a revolution which has made farm life attractive. The discussions planned for this meeting will reveal the fact that the farm affords sufficient outlet for the activities of trained intelligence. A census of our Indiana insti- tutions of higher learning will show that two-thirds, perhaps three- fourths of their students, are recruits from the farms or from rural communities. In ever increasing proportion th^e young men and women are finding that careers are possible outside of the towns and cities, and in increasing proportion, as the j^ears go by, the Indiana farm will be gainer thereby. Your meetings here represent the tendency toward specialization, which extends to all lines of industrial activity. Superior excellence in any one field of endeavor may be attained only by special training and experience. I have no doubt that these conferences as they have been going on here for several years, have contributed immeasurably toward the elevation of the standards of stock raising in Indiana. This year an international exposition at our very doors offers an opportunity not before ANNUAL MEETING. ' 51 afforded for more than a decade to make the world admit what we al- ready admit ourselves, namelj', that we raise a little better cattle, hogs and sheep in Indiana than gi-ow elsewhere on the earth's surface. We were notably successful in this particular at Chicago in 1893, and by concerted effort, originating in these meetings, we may achieve still greater distinction at St. Louis in 1904. Again I congratulate j'ou, gentlemen of the convention, on the au- spicious circumstances around which you gather, and again I assure you that the service you are rendering one of the great interests of this com- monwealth is appreciated by the people of Indiana. In closing permit me to express the hope that your sessions may be attended by both pleasure and profit and that you may go away from here better prepared thereby to advance the standards of Indiana agriculture. On motion, the meeting adjonrned until 1 :30 p. m. Afternoon Session. The State Board of Agriculture was called to order at 1:30 o'clock in order to hear some addresses omitted at the morning session. ■ Professor IT. E. Van Norman, of Purdue University, made the following address: At one time it was only necessary to scatter seed on the land in the most careless way in order to secure a fair crop. Nature was not only generous, but prodigal with her gifts. We have imposed on this generosity, until now many farms will produce only fifty to seventy-five per cent, of the crop which could formerly have been reasonably expected. This is not surprising when we remember to what extent wheat has followed wheat and corn after corn, and when we realize that $100 worth of roughness at the usual market prices takes from the soil as much plant food as is commonly secured when we buy from $G.5 to $95 worth of commercial fertilizer. That it takes from $30 to $(30 worth of fertilizer to replace the plant food in $100 worth of grain crops. Not only has the soil become less productive as a result of our meth- ods of farming, but we must contend with severer droughts, insect pests and plant diseases. Our live stock is pestered with flies, and suffers with diseases which our ancestors knew nothing of. Hog cholera, anthrax, foot and mouth disease, tuberculosis and many others may be cited. Our orchards suffer from the attacks of curculio, San Jose scale, blight, etc., to such an extent that the modern orchardist must do some- thing more than plant his trees and pick his crop. 52 BOAED OF AGRICULTURE. The increasing importance of these various conditions is requiring tliat the modern farmer be a student of his business to a degree that many do not realize. Where formerly all that was necessary was strength and endurance to pile rock, remove timber and stumps and plow, plant and reap, and courage to persevere under more or less iso- lated conditions, it is now necessary to add to his equipment a degree of mental effort aliin to that of the successful merchant or professional man. Permit me to direct the attention of this organization,, which stands for leadership in agricultural development in our State, to some of the influences and institutions which are at worlc for a larger and better agriculture, and also to the fact that the men who most need the helpful influence of these institutions are slow to leave their duties and attend the farmers' institutes, State Fair, live stock, dairy association, horticul- tui-e, and other meetings and often are not even reading a real live agri- culture paper, to say nothing of books or bulletins. And yet the propor- tion who do take advantage of these helps is not only small, but upon them develops the public-spirited citizen's duty of arousing his neighbors to a realization of the opportunities which are at hand. Conspicuous among these institutions may be mentioned the depart- ment of agriculture at Washington, the State experiment stations, the agriculture colleges and the farmers' institutes. The department of agriculture has its investigators traveling in all parts of the world seeking that which may be helpful and profitably grown on our farms, and as a result of which we have new and profit- able varieties of wheat and forage crops, such as soy beans, cow peas, grasses and grains. Recently thej' have succeeded in stamping out that terrible foot and mouth disease in New England. They have been in- strumental in a very large degree in introducing the beet sugar industry, and, in co-operation with the State experiment stations, have very clearly pointed out the area most suitable to beet growing and are at Avork on the development of varieties adapted to them. In certain parts of the country they are now at work on irrigation and forestry problems, also important soil surveys. Not least important is the work being done along the lines of improved roads. Each year the work of the department is being extended and co-operative work is being taken up in the different States. Through the oflice of experiment stations the results of research by both Government and station authorities are published and made avail- able to the farmers of the whole country. No farmer is living up to his largest possibilities who does not receive regularly and without cost "The Monthly List of Government Publications" telling liim what has been published and where he can secure it. He should also have his name on the department mailing list for the series known as "Farmers' Bulletins" and another series of "Experiment Station Work." Pardon a seeming digression while I review the origin and organiza- ANKUAL MEETING. 53 tion of our agriculture college and experiment station; that we may better understand their relation to our worli. Early in the sixties that far- sighted congressman, Justin Morrill, of Vermont, realizing the need of a better understanding of underlying principles in agriculture and me- chanic arts, succeeded in securing the passage of the Morrill land grant act, which gave to every State that would establish an agriculture col- lege, certain lands, the sale of which provided a fund which should be- come a permanent endowment fund. An old bachelor, John Purdue, who had made much money on the Wabash canal, proposed to the Indiana Legislature that it accept this Government land grant and establish the Indiana Agriculture College on lands in West Lafayette, which he Avith others would donate. This offer was accepted, and out of respect for John Purdue and his work the name was changed from Indiana Agriculture College to Purdue University. As a result of the Morrill laud grant act, there has been established in nearly every State in the Union an agriculture college or agriculture department in a college already in existence. Indiana, Michigan, Iowa and others have a land grant college. In Illinois, Ohio, Wisconsin and others the agricultiu-e school is a department of the State university. In our own State the manufacturing interests have been quicker to recognize the value of college training, with the result that the engineer- ing work has outgrown the agricultural and given our institution a world Avide reputation for its achievements in engineering. The last few years have seen an awakening in agriculture. We have a new agricultural building and an increasing number of students, though the number is not nearly in proportion to the importance of the agricultural interests of the State. ' After the establishment of the agriculture college, it became apparent that while we were trying to teach the science of agriculture we only knew thoroughly and accurately a very small proportion of what we ought to know; that it was important that some systematic work be done looking to the discovery of new truths and methods of making the old ones useful in everj'day farm practice. In 1887, or thereabouts, Congress passed the Hatch act, giving each State $15,000 annually for experiment and research. As the best trained men for this worlc were naturally to be found in the agriculture colleges, our experiment stations have been organized in connection with the school of agriculture in the respective States, except in a few cases, not- ably in Ohio, where the station is entirely separate and the investigators are not interrupted by the necessity of meeting classes. Some of the first results of the experiment station work was that with commercial fertilizer, which has resulted in the saving of millions of dollars formerly spent for worthless materials. The introduction of the Babcock test making it possible to determine accurately and quickly the butter making value of milk, and the losses by imperfect skimming o4 BOARD OF AGRICULTURK. iiud cliurniug. Milk and cream are uow bought by test by every first- class creamery iu the United States. Much has been done in the study of feeding problems such as the determination of relative values and profitable combination of feeding stuffs. The feeding of sheep, cattle and hogs has had much attention. Mich- igan and Wisconsin have done conspicuous work with sheep. Iowa, Kan- sas and other Western States with steers. Indiana and Wisconsin Avith hogs. Vermont, New York and Wisconsin witli dairy cattle. In the early history of station work, owing to lack of funds and ex- perience, experiments were conducted with too few individuals. Now the importance of feeding steers in car-load lots and sheep and hogs in pens of at last five or ten is fully appreciate^, even if available funds do not permit it. A branch of the station work which is yet in its infancy is the co- operative work, where some farmer or group of them furnishes the land, the labor and seed, or the cattle and feed, and the experiment station plans the experiment and visits from time to time during the season to give direction or assistance. In our own State co-operative work has been begun with corn breed- ing and A-ariety tests in a limited way. Iowa has led in the co-operative cattle feeding work, having some ten car loads of steers fed under the station's direction on one farm. The station selecting and grouping them, while the owner furnished feed and labor. There is room in Indiana for a large amount of helpful work along this line and at not very great expense iu proportion to results secured, adapting results to many localities, rather than confining them to that of the station farm. The Indiana station has given to the world the forma- lin treatment for oatsmut and the corrosive suliliniate treatment for potato scab, as well as done some good work on fertilizer tests and wheat varieties, as well as along other lines. It is possible to very much improve and enlarge the sphere of useful- ness of our experiment station if the farmers care to co-operate in lines which will redound to their own benefit. I call your attention to the fact that while the State is contributing to the work of educating the young men who go to Purdue University for agricultural training, Indiana does not appropriate one cent for experi- mental w^ork and research. Agricultural college funds can not be used for station work, and yet the work of the station may come closer to a larger number of farmers, than that of the college. The money appro- priated by the United States Government is all that is spent for experi- mental purposes. I can not stop without saying something in behalf of the younger group of farmers who are steadily taking the place of those older men who have been and are the leaders of our agi'icultural interests, but are handing the lines over to younger men. If these young men are to attain ANNXJAI. MEETING. 56 as large a proportiou of success as you have done they must do it by different methods, though not necessarily less effort. Times have changed, as I have tried to emphasize this afternoon. To you who appreciate the value of training not merely for the facts it gives, but for the strength secured and the ability developed to meet new and unexpected emergencies and grappel with new and perplexing problems, and a larger power to get enjoyment out of that which it is necessary for us to do, I suggest the opportunity is yours to direct the young men of your respective communities to the value and importance of such training, little matter it whether it is secured at farmers' insti- tutes, visits to the fairs, where the best of stock and crops are available for comparison, or a course, long or short, at the agricultural college. Many a young man is satisfied with less than he might have because he does not know it is within his reach if he only knew it and would go after it. The methods of teaching in our colleges have undergone great devel- opment, as has agriculture. Today courses are vastly more helpful than when the agricultural college and its professors were both new to their work. Now the student handles and selects corn, goes over scores of animals as critically as does the fair judge; he makes butter and manipu- lates the soil and compounds spraying mixtures that he may correctly understand the relation of principles of "the why" to the practice. Agri- culture, unlike mathematics, is not an exact science; land, plus seed, pins cultivation, plus harvest, don't necessarily make a crop. But a knowl- edge of fundamental principles, plus experience, plus good common sense, is sure to make a larger success than without either or all. The college offers the first only, the degi-ee to which it may be useful depends almost enl,irely on the individual. No amount of it will entirely make up, how ever, for the absence of one or both of the others. Time does not perrair further discussion of this immense subject. I chose it because I believn that a larger use of the helps for better agriculture will result from in- creased knowledge of what they are and how close at hand they lie. Professor J. H. Skinner, of Purdue University, addressed the meeting as follows : I don't know that what I shall say this afternoon will be of very great interest to the men here assembled; but it seems to me, after look- ing over the State House today, that our State really needs an organiza- tion that will unify all of the interests represented here. The State House is congested this week, people are wanting places to meet, men are going here and there, not knowing where they Avill find this associa- tion or that association. I have an idea that we should have something in the nature of a State live stock association. There are only a few men here interested in the various State organizations of live stock 56 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. breeders this afternoon, but there are men connected with other organiza- tions. I have prepared a statement, wiiicli 1 thinli is one that can go before any association that meets here this weeli. I am not trying to organize this from the standpoint of the university but as one who is connected with the agricultural, and particularlj' the live stock interests, of the State. I should like to see something brought before you that will mean greater things for the live stock interests of the State. The assoehitiouife we now have ar6 of great benefit. They have done very much for the breeds in the State, and when we come to consider the live stock interests of Indiana we don't have to take a back seat for any- body. If w^ had an organization in this State which would unite all of these interests under one set of oflicers, under one head, and have it known as the State Live Stock Association, we could have a program made out for the annual meeting which would recognize the interests of these various associations, and yet not do away with the 'various charac- teristics of the various associations. I think this would be a good thing for our State. A great many of you are interested in the St. Louis Ex- position and the live stock show there. The fact that large premiums are going to be offered there, and that the various States are doing a great deal to bring out live stock at that show, is significant. It seems to me that if Ave had all those various associations united, they would have more influence when they wish to go before the Legislature or anywhere else. By uniting they can do much more for the-live stock in- terests of the State than they can as separate organizations. I do not advocate doing away with any of the associations we now have; they should have their officers and their meetings just as they do now, but a day should be set aside for a meeting where they could all get together. You ought all to get the benefit of all the talks. If Ave had a general association where Ave could bring all the various interests together we would all have the benefit of them. We could also bring experienced men before us, men Avho could bring us the information and the helps they have found useful in their Avork at home. I have prepared a statement pointing out some of the benefits that would come to the breeders of the State through such an association. I have with that statement prepared a letter which I shall hand to the various breeders' associations before their meetings are closed this week. I shall ask them to consider it, and if they favor my plan I feel it would be a good thing if we had a number of members for a committee which might organize this association. In that Avay we might bring out a State live stock association similar to the associations' in Ohio, Illinois and other States aroimd lis. Such an association in Illinois was instrumental in getting a large appropriation for the benefit of the live stock interests last year. You will also find such associations in Iowa and Nebraska. Our State, it seems to me, has been a little backward in this respect. I wish to say again that I do not advocate giving up the separate associa- ANNUAL MEETING. 57 tions. I like the man who stands up for a particular breed in which he is interested, but at the same time I think we could all derive a great deal of benefit from coming together and discussing topics relating to the different breeds. If we could have the Various cattle breeders' associa- tions come together and have discussions on the subject of breeding and feeding, that would be of like interest to the Angus and the Jersey breeders. By making out a program that would be of interest to all these men, and then allowing certain sessions where each could go to his own meeting, we would have a much stronger standing. It seems to me this would be a good thing to do. If any of the members present are connected with the other associations where this statement may be brought before you, I wish you would say a word for it or against it, as you see fit. I am not trying to put something before the people they do not wish. I want them to consider this, and if they wish such an asso- ciation they can form one, elect a president, secretary and treasurer, make out a program for an annual meeting, and arrange the meetings so that they will be of interest and profit to all of us. Secretary Downing: This, T think is the best snggestion that has been made here for many a day. I believe the different breeders' associations onght to take the matter np and effect an organization. It will be better for the breeders, better for the associations and better for the State. As Professor Skinner sug- gests, it will make an organization that will be felt. I believe the different associations onght to take this matter np and effect such an organization, letting all of the different associations take part in it and have representation; then when we have these general meetings, instead of having a handful of people as we have today interested in this meeting, and another bunch in another room, let this be a general meeting, and let these questions of general interest be discussed hj men of prominence. When Professor Skinner mentioned this plan to me a few weeks ago I thought it was a good thing, and it ought to be taken up. I hope you will not allow it to lag. Colonel Wallace : I believe with Professor Skinner, and I shall pledge him my support. I think it is the most practical thing I have heard of in connection with these meetings of breeders of live stock. As a fair manager I think it is a practical suggestion. I am speaking now from a State Board standpoint. I believe with 58 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. an organization of that kind, which would inclnde the sheep and swine men as well as the breeders of the different kinds of cattle, we can go before our Legislatnre as an organization and say to them, "We have a great State here ; we are practically out of debt, and we need help in onr State Fair matters. We have got to keep pace with Illinois and Iowa and Ohio. There is no politics in it. We want your assistance, and we want it in the nature of a couple of hundred thousand dollars at least to fix up our fair grounds out here." If we have an association of the kind spoken of by Pro- fessor Skinner we can go before them and say that, but if we go before them as different organizations we will not have much weight. I thank you for the suggestion. Professor, and assure you that I am heartily in favor of it. Professor Skinner: If there are any questions to be asked I shall be very happy to answer them. I appreciate what Mr. Wal- lace has said, but I should like to hear further discussion. Mr. Blackstock: Following what has been said about the ac- commodations for live stock at the fair grounds, any gentleman present who has visited the Illinois State Fair grounds and has seen the magnificent buildings they have erected there for exhibi- tion purposes, will appreciate this suggestion. Everything from horses down are exhibited there under cover. That is the way it should be in our State Fair grounds, so that we should not be rained out every year. The State should put up such a building so that the live stock can be exhibited without exposure to the animals. As a member of the State Board of Agriculture I feel that the members of that Board are simply the servants of the people of the State, and really the servants of the exhibitors. The members of the Board are doing everything they can with the limited resources they have to fit up accommodations. It is im- possible to do what is needed by the entrance fees. We nee^ such an appropriation as Colonel Wallace spoke of. Indiana is behind her neighboring States in this particular. I believe the organiza- tion suggested by Professor Skinner would be the proper organiza- AirtmAL MEETING. 59 tion to come before the Legislature; that would make a suitable impression upon them, and would probably secure a good appro- priation. Mr. John Tillson : I think it would be a good idea to have one general head for that organization. This week we have five or six organizations holding meetings here in the State House. I think they could with advantage hold one general meeting each day. I now move you that a committee be appointed to confer with these different meetings in order to unite on some plan for an association such as Professor Skinner spoke of. If you can get these people interested in it, I think you can have such an associa- tion. I don't think that we as State Fair managers ought to take too prominent a part in this, but I think we should join with the other organizations to form such an association. Mr, Tillson's motion was seconded and carried. Mr. Hadley : I think Professor Skinner should take charge of this matter while he is here, and then at the end of this meeting call a meeting of all the associations here in this room to perfect the organization he proposes. President Thompson appointed the following committee, as pro- vided for in Mr. Tillson's motion : Mr. John Tillson, Mr. Oscar Hadley and Mr. David Wallace. Mr. Tillson asked leave to withdraw from the committee, and Mr. Joe Cunningham was appointed in his place. Professor Skinner : It is the plan, where these committees are appointed, to give each association notice of the time the general committee will meet. We will try to have the meeting in this room some time later in the week. I will inform Secretary Down- ing and President Thompson as to the time, so that we can arrange to meet at a common hour. The session was then adjourned. no BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. SECOND SESSION^— STATE BOAED OF AGRICULTURE. The second session was called to order at 10 o'clock, a. m., Wed- nesday, January Gtli, by President Thompson. The following report of the Committee on Credentials was read by Secretary Downing: REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS. To the President and Members of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture, and Delegates to the Indiana State Board of Agriculture: Gentlemen— We the undersigned Committee on Credentials, beg leave to submit the following list of delegates, who are entitled to vote in this body: FIRST DISTRICT. Member of the Board, John C. Haines. Name of Fair. Name of Delegate. Postojfficf Address. New Harmony George C. Taylor New Harmony. Boonvllle Clamon Pelzer Boonville. Kockport John C. Haines Rockport. Chrisney John C. Haines Rockport. Evansville .John C. Haines Rockport. Gibson Co. H. & A. Society. . Albert G. Holcomb Ft. Branch. SECOND DISTRICT. Member of the Board, Mason J. Niblack. Vincennes Fair James M. House Vincennes. THIRD DISTRICT. Member of the Board, E. S. Tuell. Corydon Fair Sam T. Wolf Corydon. Floyd Co. Hort. and Ag. Soc.Chas. W. Brubeck Georgetown. Salem W. W. Stevens Salem. Floyd County Agricultural. .Walter E. McCuUoch New Albany. FOURTH DISTRICT. Member of the Board, John Tilson. Bedford Fair George W. McDaniel Bedford. Franklin .John Tilson Franklin. Nashville Mr. Miller Nashville. Johnson Co. Hort. Assn I. N. Brown Franklin. ANNUAL MEETIN'G. 61 FIFTH DISTRICT. Member of the Board, H. L. Nowlin. Osgood J. E. McDonald Ligonier. Lawrenceburg H. L. Nowlin Lawrenceburg. SIXTH DISTRICT. Menaber of the Board, Knode Porter. Columbus Ed Redman Columbus. Rushville John Q. Thomas Rushville. Liberty Milton Maxwell Liberty. Hagerstown Kncde Porter Hagerstown. Richmond Knode Porter Hagerstown. Wayne Co. A. & H. Ass'n . . . Kncde Porter ~. Hagerstown. SEVENTH DISTRICT. r Member of the Board, Sid Conger. Anderson C. K. McCullough Anderson. Middletown Knode Porter Hagerstown. New Castle W. L. Risk New Castle. Shelbyville Sid Conger Shelby ville. EIGHTH DISTRICT. Member of the Board, David Wallace. State Horticultural Society . . W. W. Stevens Salem. Marion Co. H. & A. Society . . Frank P. .Johnson Howlapds. NINTH DISTRICT. Member of the Board, W. T. Beauchamp. Brazil W. T. Beauchamp Indianapolis. Terre Haute W. T. Beauchamp Indianapolis. Newton A. C. Schermerhorn Newton. Covington W. F. Hulet Crawfordsville. Cayuga M. A. McDonald West Lebanon. Newport M. A. McDonald West Lebanon. Riley W. T. Beauciiamp Indianapolis. TENTH DI.STRICT. Member of the Board, Oscar Had ley. Danville C. L.Thompson Danville. Oawfordsville W. T. Gott Crawfordsville. Lebanon Lon Varntz Lebanon. 62 BOAKD OP AGKICULTURE. ELEVENTH DISTRICT. Member of the Board, M. S. Claypool. Muncie M. S. Claypool Muncie. Portland Geo. W. Bergman Portland. TWELFTH DISTRICT. Member of the Board, W. M. Blackstock. Botwell C. W. Travis Lafayette. Lafayette J. M. Cason Lafayette. Lafayette Racing Ass'n M. A. McDonald West Lebanon. THIRTEENTH DISTRICT. Member of the Board, .John L. Thompson. Fairmount E. .J. Seale Fairmount. Swayzee John L. Thompson Gas City. Tipton W. L. Berryman Tipton. FOURTEENTH DISTRICT. Member of the Board, Joseph Cunningham. Rochester Arch Stinson Rochester. FIFTEENTH DISTRICT. Member of the Board, C. B. Benjamin. Bourborn B. F. Cook Bourbon. Bremen B. W. Parks Bourbon. Crown Point Fred Wheeier Crown Point. SIXTEENTH DISTRICT. Member of the Board, James E. McDonald. Ft. Wayne Geo. V. Kell Ft. Wayne. Angola Clyde C. Carlin Angola. Kendallville Don K. Hitchcock Brimfield. Noble Co. Hort. Society John M. Schermerhorn Brimfield. Allen Co. Hort. Society Geo. V. Kell Ft. Wayne. Respectfully submitted, M. A. McDonald, W. T. BEAUCHAMP, OSCAR HADLEY, Committee on Credentials. On motion of Mr. Niblack the report of the committee was adopted as read. ANNUAL MEETING. 63 The Auditing Committee made the following report : REPORT OF AUDITING COMMITTEE. To the Members and Delegates of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture: Your committee, to whom was referred the duty of auditing the books, accounts and reports of the Secretary and Treasurer of the Indiana State Board of Agi-iculture, have carefully examined them and find they are correct. Your committee recommends that all accounts of moneys received from the various sources should be grouped together and the same should be made a matter of record for convenience and future reference. KNODE PORTER, M. S. CLAYPOOL, JOE CUNNINGHAM. Auditing Committee. The Committee on President's Address made the f^^lowing report : Report not on file. The President announced that the next order of business was the nomination of officers, and that nominations from the First District, Second District, Third District, Fourth District, Eighth District, Fourteenth District, Fifteenth District and Sixteenth District were in order. Mr. Hickman placed in nomination the name of John C. Haines for member of the Board for the First District. Mr. Helsey placed in nomination the name of Mason J. I^Tiblack for member of the Board for the Second District. Mr. Wolf placed in nomination the name of Ed S. Tuell for member of the Board for the Third District. Mr. L. B. Clore placed in nomination the name of John Tillson for member of the Board for the Fourth District. M. A. McDonald placed in nomination the name of David Wallace for member of the Board for the Eighth District. The name of Joseph Cunningham was placed in nomination for member of the Board for the Fourteenth District. The names of C. B. Benjamin and W. B. Parks were placed in nomination for members of the 64 BOARD OF AUIUCULXURE. Board for the Fifteenth District. The name of Jas. E. McDonald was placed in nomination for memher of the Board for the Six- teenth District. After these nominntions were made the President declared the nominations closed. Thereupon ihe President announced that the meeting proceed to the election of members for the districts named. Upon motion, duly seconded, it was ordered that in all cases where there was but one nomination in a district that the Secretary be instructed to cast the entire vote of the meeting for the nomi- nees. The election then proceeded. John C. Haines being the only candidate for member from the First District, the Secretary was instructed to and did cast G4 votes for him for member of the First District. The President an- nounced that Mr. Haines, having received the entire vote of the delegates, was elected a member of the Board for the First District for the ensuing term. Mason J. ISTiblack being the only nominee for the Second Dis- trict, the Secretary was instructed to and did cast 64 votes, the entire votes of the delegates, for him for member of the Second District, and the President declared Mr. Niblack duly elected for member of the Board for the Second District for the ensuing term. Ed S. Tuell being the only nominee for the Third District, the Secretary was instructed to and did cast 64 votes for him, and the President announced that Mr. Tuell, having received the entire vote of the delegates, was elected a member of the Board for the Third District for the ensuing term. John Tillson being the only nominee for the Fourth District, the Secretary was instructed to and did cast 64 votes for him, and the President announced that Mr. Tilson, having received the entire vote of the delegates, was elected a member of the Board for the ensuing term. ANNUAL MEETING. 65 David Wallace being the only nominee for the Eighth District, the Secretary was instructed to and did cast the entire vote of the delegates for him, and the President announced that Mr. Wallace, having received the entire vote, was elected member of the Board for the Eighth District for ihe ensuing term. Joseph Cunningham being the only nominee for the Fourteenth District, the Secretary was instructed to and did cast 64 votes for him, the entire votes of the delegates, and the President declared ]\[r. Cunningham duly elected for member of the Board for the Fourteenth District for the ensuing term. The President announced that C. B. Benjamin and W. B. Parks were the nominees for member of the Board for the Fif- teenth District and directed the delegates to prepare ballots. A ballot being taken, resulted as follows: C. B. Benjamin received 45 votes, W. B. Parks received 15 votes and Ed S. Tuell 4 votes. The President announced that Mr. Benjamin, having received the majority of the votes cast, was duly elected a member of the Board for the Fifteenth District for the ensuing term. The President announced that James E. McDonald was the only nominee for member of the Board for the Sixteenth District and on motion, duly seconded, the Secretary cast 64 votes, being the entire vote of the delegates present, for Mr. ]\[cDonald, and the President declared Mr. ]\[cDonald duly elected member of the Board for the Sixteenth District for the ensuing term. There being no further business, on motion, the meeting ad- journed sine die. • The Indiana State Board of Agriculture met in the Secretary's office on January 6, 1904, for the purpose of closing up the busi- ness of the Board for the past year before the reorganization of the new Board. Tlie President, John L. Thompson, called the meet- ing to order, and upon tlie call of the roll all of the officers and niembers of the Board responded to their names. S-Agri. GG BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. A letter from Dr. LiG:lit in regard to the injury of Mr. Geo. TTubbard, an employe of the Board at the fair grounds, was read and presented to the Board. After a statement made by the Sec- retary and Custodian of the grounds, showing how the injury to Mr. Hubbard occurred, was made, on motion of Mr. Beaucliamp, seconded by Mr. Wallace, the claim was disallowed and rejected^ On motion of Mr. Wallace, the claim of C. H. Shank for police meal tickets was allowed, and the Secretary ordered to draw an order on the Treasurer for the amount. The President, Mr. Thompson, made a few remarks to the mem- bers of the Board on retiring as president of the Board. On motion of Mr. ISTiblack, duly seconded, the Board adjourned sine die. - The newly elected members of the Board and those holding over met in the room of the Secretary on the evening of January 6, 1904, for the purpose of organizing the Board for the ensuing year. The Secretary called the roll and the members responded as follows: First District, John C. Haines; Second District, Mason J. Niblack; Third District, Ed S. Tuell; Fourth District, John Tillson ; Fifth District, H. B. ISTowlin ; Sixth District, Knode Porter; Seventh District, David Wallace; Eighth District, Sid Conger ; Ninth District, W. T. Beauchamp ; Tenth District, Oscar Hadley; Eleventh District, M. S. Claypool; Twelfth District, W. M. Blackstock ; Thirteenth District, John L. Thompson ; Fourteenth District, Joseph Cunningham, Fifteenth District, C. B. Benjamin, and Sixteenth District, Jas. E. McDonald. All of the members of the Board being present, upon motion of Mr. Niblack, Mr. John L. Thompson was selected as chairman of the meeting during the organization of the Board. On motion of Mr. Beauchamp, Mr. Downing was selected to act as Secretary during the organization of the Board. ANNUAL MEETING. 67 The chairman announced that the first thing in order was the election of a President for the ensuing year. Thereupon Mason J. Niblack placed in nomination the name of Mr. John C. Haines, of Rockport, for President, which motion was duly seconded by Mr. Beauchamp. There being no other nominations, on motion of Mr. Wallace, seconded by Mr. McDonald, the election of Mr. Haines as Presi- dent for the ensuing year was made unanimous. And thereupon the chairman declared Mr. Haines duly elected the President of the Borfrd for the ensuing term. The President announced that the next thing in order was the election of a Vice-President, and thereupon Mr. McDonald placed in nomination the name of Mr. David Wallace for Vice-President. Mr. Wallace being the only nominee, on motion of Mr. McDonald, duly seconded, the election of Mr. Wallace was made by acclama- tion and he was declared duly elected Vice-President for the en- suing year. The President then announced the next thing in order was the election of the Secretary, and Mr. McDonald placed in nomination the name of Mr. Downing. There being, no other candidates, on motion duly seconded by Mr. ISTowlin, the election of Mr. Down- ing was made by acclamation, and the President declared Mr. Do^\Tiing duly elected Secretary for the ensuing year. The President then announced the election of the Treasurer next in order, and thereupon Mr. Hadley placed in nomination the name of Mr. J. W. Lagrange for Treasurer for the ensuing year. On motion of Mr. Blackstock, duly seconded, the election of Mr. Lagrange was made by acclamation and the President de- clared him duly elected Treasurer of the Board for the ensuing term. After the election of the officers, Messrs. McDonald and Conger made some remarks on the subject of enlarging the duties of the GS BOAKU OF AGRICULTURE. Secretary so as to allow him to become General ^Manager as well as Secretary. On motion of Mr. Conger, duly seconded, the election of Siiprr intendent of the fair groniids was postponed until the next meet- ing. On motion of Mr. Niblack, seconded by Mr. Wallace, the Presi- dent was given the right to select the Executive Committee of the Board for the ensuing year. At this point in the meeting Mr. John C. Haines, the newly elected President was conducted to the chair and assumed the duties of President of the Board. On motion of Mr. McDonald, seconded by Mr. Wallace, the matter of outlining a plan to extend the duties of the Secretary so as to make him General Manager was referred to the Executive Committee, to report at the next meeting in February. On motion of Mr. Conger, seconded by Mr, McDonald, it was decided that if a fair be held that it be held on the week of Sep- tember 12, 1904. Mr. Albert W. Wishard, attorney, who has charge of the claim of the Board against the United States Government, made a verbal report to the Board of the condition of the claim. Mr. McDonald moved the adoption of the following resolution, which was duly seconded and adopted, to wit : Whereas, There is a strong sentiment on the part of this Board in favor of not holding a State Fair in 1904, and Whereas, There are many ditficulties in tlie way of managing a suc- cessful meeting on account of the World's Fair at St. Louis, which will to a large measure cut down the attendance and patronage from the ovit lying parts of the State, and AVhereas, This Board believes that they can not meet these contin- gencies at this session, be it Resolved, That it is the sense of the Board that no State Fair be held in Indianapolis in 1904 unless sul)slantial aid and assistance be vouch- safed by the mercantile, manufacturing and business interests of tlie city, and AJJNtTAL MEETliJG. 69 Resolved, That the question of lioldiuj: the State Fair be made a special order for the opening session of the meeting of this Board on Wednesday, February 3, lOtW, at 1:30 o'clock p. m. JAMES E. Mcdonald. On motion, it was ordered that all matters nndisposcd of be re- ferred to the Execntive Committee. On motion, the Board adjourned to meet on the call of the President. The Indiana State Board of Agriculture met pursuant to the call of the President on February 3, 1904, at the rooms of the Indiana State Board of Agriculture in the Capitol building in the city of Indianapolis, Indiana. The meeting was called to order by the President, Hon. John C. Haines, and upon the roll call all of the officers and members of the Board responded to theij- names. Mr. Hilton U. Brown, representing the Wholesale Merchants' Association, the Commercial Club and the Retail Dealers' Asso- ciation, and Messrs. Bliss, Badger, Bookwalter, Hoover, Gaven, Hatch, Perry and Richards, members of the above named associa- tions, were present and addressed the Board on the subject of hold- ing the Indiana State Fair in 1904, giying their reasons therefor. Clore & Overstreet, of Franklin, Indiana, made an application for the use of certain grain jars, and on motion of Mr. M. S. Clay- jiool, duly seconded, they were given the use of the jars owned by the Board, which were stored at the fair grounds, for their exhibit at the World's Fair at St. Louis, with the agreement that they be returned in good order after the fair. On motion of jVfr. Thompson, seconded by Mr. Claypool, the President appointed a committee composed of the President, Messrs. Wallace, Conger, Thompson, Claypool and Niblack to confer with the officers and directors of the Commercial Club at 4 o'clock p. m. 70 BOAKD OF AGRICULTURE. The President appointed the following committee on fees and salaries for the ensuing year, namely, Messrs. Blackstock, Nowlin and Porter. The Board then proceeded to revise the premium list for the ensuing year. Not having time to conclude the same toda}^, the Board, on motion of Mr. Tillson, adjourned to meet at 9 :30 a. m. tomorrow. Wednesday morning, February 4, 1904, 9 :30 a. m., the Board reconvened with Mr. John C. Haines, President, in the chair, an^ upon call of the roll all of the officers and members of the Board were present. Mr. McDonald moved that the premium list of 1903 be scaled 10 per cent., which motion was seconded by Mr. Thompson, and upon being put to a vote, was lost. Mr. Hugh McGowan, President of the Union Traction Com- pany and the Indianapolis Street Railway - Company, appeared before the Board and made some remarks urging the Board to hold a State Fair in 1904 and guaranteeing to it if the Board would decide to hold the State Fair. On motion of Mr. Wallace, it was ordered by the Board that the duplicating of prizes iii the cattle classes should be the same as the year 1903. Mr. Niblack moved that the Indiana State Board of Agriculture hold a State Fair this year. Which motion was seconded by Mr. Beauchamp, and upon a vote being taken, the President declared the motion carried. Messrs. Finley, Harvey Stern and D. B. Winchester made appli- cation to the Board for the position of Custodian for the ensuing year. On motion of Mr. McDonald, duly seconded, Mr. D. B. Winchester was employed as Custodian for 1904 at the salary of $40 a month and fuel such as could be gotten out of fallen trees on the fair grounds. ANNUAL MEETING. 71 On motion of. Mr. McDonald, seconded by. Mr. Wallace, the Secretary was instructed to notify persons holding leases for ex- hibit pavilions which have expired that they must make new con- tracts running for three years, and also to notify the owners of buildings to repair and repaint the buildings of a uniform color to be designated by the Board. It was also ordered that the Exec- utive Committee be instructed to replat the grounds for exhibition purposes, and that the grounds between the administration build- ing and the grand stand be designated and set apart for the use of the newspapers. Mr. Wallace moved that $300 be set apart for goat classes, which motion was duly seconded. Mr. McDonald moved that the motion of Mr. Wallace be laid upon the table, which motion being put to vote was carried. The Committee on Fees and Salaries of Officers reported as follows : Your Committee on Fees and Salaries have considered the matters relating thereto, and would recommend that as officers of your Board the salary of the Secretary be eighteen hundred dollars ($1,800), and for stenographer and clerk emploj'es a sum for expenses not to exceed four hundred dollars ($400)). For Treasurer, the sum of five hundred and fifty dollars ($550), he to pay salary of persons employed by him. For janitor, forty dollars ($40) per month, with the usual concession of house for residence, etc. For members, a per diem salary of five dollars ($5) per day, mileage 10 cents per mile one way and hotel expenses not to exceed two dollars and fifty cents ($2.50) per day. For Superintendent, five dollars ($5) per day and railroad fares. Respectfully submitted, W. M. BLACKSTOCK, H. L. NOWLIN, KNODE PORTER. On motion of Mr. Thompson, duly seconded, the report was adopted. Mr. A. W. Wishard appeared before the Board and .stated the condition of the claim of the Board against the TTnited States Gov- ernment. 72 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. On luotion of !Mr. Wallact', tJCcoiKk-d by Mr. Thompson, it was ordered that the Secretary issue a warrant to Mr. Wishard for $100 for expenses in looking after said claim. On motion of Mr. Claypool, seconded by ^Ir. Wallace, the Sec- retary was made General Manager of the Board. On motion of Mr. Wallace, seconded by Mr. Claypool, Mr. E. H. Peed was elected Superintendent. On motion of Mr. McDonald the matter of the bonds of the Sec- retary and Treasurer was referred to the Executive Committee, and the Secretary's bond was fixed at $5,000 and the Treasurer's bond at $20,000. On motion, it was ordered that $5 be sent to Mr. Trone, Secre- tary and President of the Exhibitor's Union, to defray expenses of the officers- in their efforts to secure better railroad rates for ex- hibitors of State Fairs. On motion, duly seconded, the rates for the use of the fair grounds for picnic and other purposes were fixed as follows : For the use of the grounds, grand stand and track, $100; for the use of the grounds and grand stand, $75 ; and for the use of the grounds only, $50. On motion, the rates for the rental of the training barns were fixed at $25 per month for barns on the south side and $20 for barns on the north side. A monthly rate w'as fixed at $2 per head for horses on the south side and $1.50 per head for horses on the north side. On motion of Mr. Claypool, it was ordered that lofts be put in the horse barns and in one section in each end of the cattle barns. On motion, ^Ir. Thompson was authorized and instructed to buy a manure spreader for the grounds. On uKition of Mr. 1'liompsnn, duly seconded by ]\Ir. Wallace, ANNUAL MEETING, 73 Mr. Clay pool was empowered to purchase a mule team for use at the fair grounds, and he was given power to dispose of the team of mares now owned by the Board. On motion of j\Ir. Thompson, seconded by Mr. McDonald, the matter of resoiling the mile track was referred to the Executive Committee, with poAver to act. On motion of Mr. McDonald, all matters unfinished were re- ferred to the Executive Committee. On motion, duly seconded, the Board adjourned. The following is a complete list of all awards made at the Indi- ana State Fair of 1903. INDIANA STATE FAIR, 1903. SPEED PROGRAM. M. 8. Claypooi., Muncie, Ind., Superintendent. Robert N. Newton, Yorkville, 111., Starting Judge. VIS, 1 i, >Ju( C. W. Travis, O. L. Boor, \ Judges. - E. R. Stoll, E. R. Stoll, Timer. Charles Downing, Clerk of Course. AWARDS. TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 15. 2:30 Trot-JfGOO divided, .$300, $150, $90, $00. Lauudry Boy, b. g 1 Ned S, b. g 2 Bessie Kenney, b. m 3 Grocery Maid, b. m 4 Little Baron, b. g 5 Clarence C, b. g 6 John F, b. g 7 — 74- ANNUAL MEETING. Y5 Lojal Baron, blk. h S Gayoso, b. m High Star, ch. g 10 Belle Rose, b. m 11 Beachwood, ch. h dis. Maud K, br. m dis. TIME. lAMile 1/2 Mile % Mile Mile First heat :36 1:09 1:44 2:19 2:08 Pace-$900 divided— $450, $225, $135, $90. Foxie Curd, blk. m -. . 1 Fred-the-Kid, b. h 2 Robert I, ch. h 3 Larry Ginter, b. li 4 Byre Wilkes, br. g 5 Milton S, b. h 6 Col Loomis, b. h 7 Red Patchen, ch. h 8 Baron Rogers, br. g 9 Salem, br. g 10 Jolisco, gr. g. dis. TIME. 14 Mile 1/2 Mile % Mile Mile First heat :31 1:02 1:35 2:07M: Before these I'aces could be finished it bo ,j dr. TIME. First beat 2 Second beat 2 Third heat 2 2oV^ 23 '/i HORSES. CLASS 1. FRENCH DRAFT AND PKRCHEROX. (M. A. McDonald. Judge. West Lebanon. Ind.) STALLIONS. Four years old and over. Crouch & Son, Lalayi'Hc. Ind .$25 00 Second preniiuin. Lew W. Cochran. ( 'raw lordsvillc Ind li) 00 Third premium, McLangiilin' Bros., ('oluinl)us, Oliio 10 00 Three years old and under four. McT>.\ugblin liros.. Columbus. Ohio 15 00 78 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. Second premium, Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind 10 00 Third premium, McLaughlin Bros., Columbus, Ohio G 00 Two years old and under three, McLaughlin Bros., Columbus, Ohio. 12 00 Second premium, A. P. Nave, Attica, Ind 8 00 Third premium, Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind 5 00 One year old and under two, McLaughlin Bros., Columbus, Ohio.. . 10 00 MARES AND FILLIES. Four years old and over, A. P. Nave, Attica, Ind 25 00 Second premium, McLaughlin Bros., Columbus, Ohio 15 00 Third premium, Singmaster & Spradling, Frankfort, Ind 10 00 Three years old and under four, A. P. Nave, Attica, Ind 15 00 Second premium, McLaughlin Bros., Columbus, Ohio 10 00 Two years old and under three, A. P. Nave, Attica, Ind 12 00 Second premium, A. P. Nave, Attica, Ind 8 00 Third premium, A. P. Nave, Attica, Ind 5 00 CLASS 2. CLYDESDALE AND ENGLISH SHIRE. (M. A. McDonald, Judge, West Lebanon, Ind.) STALLIONS. Four years old and over, Austin Roberts, Westfield, Ind $25 00 Second premium, Dr. Geo. Sangster, Monticello, Ind 15 00 Third pemium, Lawrence Importing & Breeding Horse Co., Law- rence, Ind 10 00 Three years old and under four. Dr. Geo. Sangster, Monticello, Ind. 15 00 Second premium, W. H. Lagrange &. Son, Franklin, Ind 10 00 One year old and under two, E. M. Pickard, Summitville, Ind 10 00 Second premium, E. M. Pickard, Summitville, Ind 6 00 Stallion showing four best colts under four years old, W. H. La- grange & Son, Franklin, Ind 25 00 MAKES AND FILLIES. Four years old and over, W. H. Lagrange & Son, Franklin, Ind $25 00 Second premium, W. H. Lagrange & Son, Franklin, Ind 15 00 Third premium, E. M. Pickard, Summitville, Ind 10 00 Three years old and under four, W. H. Lagrange & Son, Franklin, Ind 15 00 Second premium, W. H. Lagrange & Son, Franklin, Ind 10 00 Third premium, E. M. Pickard, Summitville, Ind 6 00 Two years old and under three, E. M. Pickard, Summitville, Ind.. 12 00 ANNUAL MEETING. ^9 One year old and under two, W. H. Lagrange & Son, Franklin, Ind. 10 00 Mare and two of her progeny three years old and under, W. H. La- grange & Son, Franklin, Ind 25 00 Second premium, E. M. Pickard, Summitville, Ind 15 00 Third premium, W. H. Lagi-ange & Son, Franklin, Ind 10 00 CLASS 3. BELGIANS. (M. A. McDonald, Judge, West Lebanon, Ind.) I STAXLIONS. Four years old and over. Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind $25 00 Second premium, H. & H. Wolf, Wabash, Ind 15 00 Third premium, Frisinger & Co., Dectaur, Ind 10 00 Three years old and under four, Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind 15 00 Second premium, McLaughlin Bros., Columbus, Ohio 10 00 Third premium, Frisinger & Co., Decatur, Ind 6 00 Two years old and under three, Frisinger & Co., Decatur, Ind 12 00 Second premium, Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind 8 00 Third premium, Frisinger & Co., Decatur, Ind 5 00 One year old and under two, Frisinger & Co., Decatur, Ind 10 00 CLASS 4. CLEVELAND BAY, HACKNEY AND AMERICAN COACH. (M. A. McDonald, Judge, West Lebanon, Ind.) STALLIONS. Four years old and over, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, HI $25 00 Second premium. Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind 15 00 Three years old and under four. Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind 15 00 Second premium, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 10 00 Third premium, J. W. White, Greensburg, Ind 6 00 Two years old and under three, Dr. Geo. Sangstor, Moriticello, Ind.. 12 00 Second premium, S. J. Peabody, Columbia City, Ind 8 00 Third pemium, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 5 00 One year old and under two, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111. .. . 25 00 Stallion showing four best colts under four years old, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 25 00 MARES AND FILLIES. Four years old and over, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 25 00 Second premium, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 15 00 Third premium. Dr. Geo. Sangster, Monticello, Ind 10 00 80 nOAKl) OF AOUICULTURE. Three years old nud under four, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, III. 15 00 Second premium, ])r. Geo. Sanyster, Monticello, Ind 10 00 Third premium, .7. K. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 G 00 Two years old and under three, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111. . 12 00 Second premium, Dr. Geo. Saugster, Monticello, Ind 8 00 One year old and uuder two, J. R. Peak «fc Son, Winchester, 111. .. . 10 00 Second premium. Dr. Geo. Sangster, Monticello, Ind G 00 Third premium, Dr. Geo. Sangster, Monticello, Ind 4 00 CLASS 5. FRENCH AND GERMAN COACH. (M. A. McDonald, Judge, West Lebanon, Ind.) STALLIONS. Four years old and over, Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind $25 00 Second premium, Crouch & Sou, Lafayette, Ind 15 00 Third premium, Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind 10 00 Three years old and under four, Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind. ... 15 00 Second premium, Crouch &. Son, Lafayette, Ind 10 00 Third premium, Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind 6 00 Two years old and under three, Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind 12 00 Second premium. Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind 8 00 MARES AND FILLIES. Four years old and over. Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind 25 00 Second premium. Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind 25 00 CLASS 6. GRADE DRAFT. (M. A. McDonald, Judge, West Lebanon, Ind.) Gelding or mare two years old and under three, Dr. Geo. Sangster, Monticello, Ind $10 00 Best span heavy draft horses, A. P. Nave, Attica, Ind 30 00 Second premium, W. H. Lagrange & Son, Franklin, Ind 20 00 Third premium, E. M. Pickard, Summitville, Ind 10 00 CLASS 7. STANDARD BRED HORSES. (G. W. Bell, Judge, Chicago, 111.) STALLIONS. Four years old and over. Margrave Farm, Terre Haute, Ind $25 00 Second premium, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 15 00 ANNtJAL MEETING. 81 Third premium, Spring Hill Stock Farm, Delphi, Ind 10 00 Three jears old and under lour, J. K. I'eak ^Vc Son, Winchester, 111. . 15 00 Second premium, Spring Hill Stock Farm, Delphi, Ind 10 00 Third premium, W. T. Wilson, Indianapolis, Ind 6 00 Two j-ears old and under three, S. R. Holt, Indianapolis, Ind 12 00 Second premium, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 8 00 Third premium, S. R. Holt, Indianapolis, Ind 5 00 One year old and under two, Margrave Farm, Terre Haute, Ind .... 10 00 Second premium. Margrave Farm, Terre Haute, Ind 6 00 Third premium, S. R. Holt, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00 Stallion showing four best colts under four years old, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, III 25 00 Second premium, Margrave Farm, Terre Haute, Ind 15 00 Third premium, S. R. Holt, Indianapolis, Ind 10 (X) MAKES AND FILLIES. Four years old and over. Spring Hill Stock Farm, Delphi, Ind 25 00 Second premium, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, ill 15 00 Third premium, A. E. Ashbrook, Kansas City, Mo 10 00 Three years old and under four, Spring Hill Stock Farm, Delphi, lud 15 00 Second premium, S. R. Holt, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00 Third premium, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 00 Two years old and under three, S. R. Holt, Indianapolis, Ind 12 00 Second premium, J. R. Peak «fc Son, Winchester, 111 8 00 Third premium. Margrave Farm, Terre Haute, Ind 5 00 One year old and under two, S. R. Holt, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00 Second premium. Margrave Farm, Terre Haute, Ind 6 00 Third premium, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 4 00 Mare and two of her progeny 3 years old or under, S. R. Holt, Indi- anapolis, Ind ; 25 00 Second premium, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 15 00 Third premium, .T. R. Peak & Sou, Winchester, 111 10 00 CLASS 8. LIGHT HARNESS HORSES. (G. W. Bell, Judge, Chicago, 111.) Gelding four years old and over, A. E. Ashbrook, Kansas City, Mo. $20 00 Second premium, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 10 00 Third premium, J. N. Dickerson, Indianapolis, Ind 5 00 Mare four years old and over, A. E. Ashbrook, Kansas City, Mo.. . 20 00 Second premium, J. Hutchinson, Crawfordsville, Ind 10 00 Third premium, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 5 00 6-Agri. -81- 82 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. Mare three years old and under four, Spring Hill Stock Farm, Delphi, Ind 12 00 Second premium, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 8 00 Third premium, J. W. White, Grecnsburg, Ind 5 00 Mare two years old and under three. Spring Hill Stock Farm, Delphi, Ind 10 00 Second premium, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 7 00 Third premium. Dr. Geo. Sangster, Monticello, Ind 5 00 CLASS 9. GENTLEMEN'S TURNOUT. DEALERS EXCLUDED. (G. W. Bell, Judge, Chicago, 111.) Pair of mares or geldings, not under 15 hands, A. E. Ashbrook, Kansas Citj% Mo .".$25 00 Second premium, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 15 00 Third premium, John Weller, Crawfordsville, Ind 10 00 CLASS 10. GENTLEMEN'S TURNOUT. FOR DEALERS ONLY. (G. W. Bell, Judge, Chicago, 111.) Pair of mares or geldings, not under 15 hands, A. E. Ashbrook, Kansas City, Mo $25 00 Second premium, A. B. Ashbrook, Kansas City, Mo 15 00 Third premium, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 10 00 CLASS 11. FOR FOUR-IN-HAND. (G. W. Bell, Judge, Chicago, 111.) Best four-in-hand team (mares or geldings) four years old and over, A. E. Ashbrook, Kansas City, Mo $30 00 Second premium, A. E. Ashbrook, Kansas City, Mo 20 00 CLASS 12. FOR TANDEMS. (G. W. Bell, Judge, Chicago, 111.) Best tandem of horses (mares or geldings), A. E. Ashbrook, Kansas City, Mo $20 00 Second premium, G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 15 00 Third premium. A. E. Ashbrook, Kansas City, Mo 10 00 ANNUAL MEETING. 83 CLASS 13. FOR HIGH STEPPERS. (G. W. Bell, Judge, Chicago, 111.) Pair of matched horses (high steppers), A. E. Ashbrook, Kansas City, Mo $35 00 Second premium, A. E. Ashbrook, Kansas City, Mo 25 00 Third premium, Wm. Dagler, Rushville, Ind 15 00 Single horse, high stepper (mare or gelding), A. E. Ashbrook, Kan- sas City, Mo 20 00 Second premium, J. & E. Brown, Portage La Prairie, Wis 15 00 Third premium, J. AV. Denton, Bloomington, 111 10 00 CLASS 14. EQUIPAGES. (G. W. Bell, Judge, Chicago, 111.) One horse 1-seated equipage for lady, G. Howard Davison, Mill- brook, N. Y $20 00 Second premium, G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 15 00 Third premium, A. E. Ashbrook, Kansas City, Mo 10 00 Vehicle for children, G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 20 00 Second premium, Singmaster & SpradJing, Frankfort, Ind.... 15 00 Third premium, C. L. Hare, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00 CLASS 15. COACH AND CARRIAGE PAIR AND ROADSTERS. (G. W. Bell, Judge, Chicago, 111.) Coach or carriage pair, John Weller, Crawfordsville, Ind $30 00 Second premium, J. R. Peak & Son, Winchester, 111 20 00 Third premium, A. E. Ashbrook, Kansas City, Mo 10 00 Single roadster (mare), A. E. Ashbrook, Kansas City, Mo 30 00 Second premium, Carrick & Ward, Georgetown, Ky 20 00 Third premium, T. M. Gaitshill, Lexington, Ky '. 10 00 Single roadster (gelding), M. H. Reardon, Indianapolis, Ind 30 00 Second premium. Hall tt Son, Boswell, Ind 20 00 Third premium, T. M. Gaitshill, Lexington, Ky 10 00 Double roadster, A. E. Ashbrook, Kansas City, Mo 30 00 Second premium, J. R. Peak & Son. Winchester, 111 20 00 Third premium, Hall & Son, Boswell, Ind 10 00 CLASS 10. SADDLE HORSES. (G. W. Bell, Judge, Chicago, 111.) Best saddle stallion, J. W. Denton, Bloomington, 111 $40 00 >SecoDd premium, Nona A. Connolly, Indianapolis, ind 20 00 S-i liOAIM) OK ACinclI.llK'i:. Third piciuiuin. .1. W. Denton, Blooniinfjton, 111 15 00 lU'St saddle mare, T. M. Gaitshill, Lexinfjton. Ky 40 00 Second preniinni. J. W. Denton, lilooininston. 111 -0 00 Third preniinni, Cairiek &^ Ward, (Jeorj^etown, Ky l."» 00 Best saddle geldin?:. T. M. Gaitshill, Lexington, Ky 40 00 Second premium, .1. \\'. I>('nti)n. Blooniington, 111 20 00 Third premium, Currick ifc Ward, Georgetown, Ky l.'i 00 Best ladies' saddle mare or gelding, .T. W. Denton, Blooniington, 111.. 40 00 Second premium, A. E. Ashbrook. Kansas City, Mo 20 00 Third premium, A. E. Buchanan. Indianapolis, Ind 15 00 Best combined harness and saddle mare or gelding, Carrick A: "Ward, Georgetown, Ky 40 (Hi Second premium, T. M. Gaitshill, Lexington, Ky 20 00 Third premium, .1. \V. r>(Miton. Blooniington, III 15 00 CirAMPIO.V. Best saddle stMllioii. marc or gelding. A. E. Ashbrook. Kansas City, Mo 50 (10 CLASS 17. rONIES. (All Breeds.) (G. W. Bell, Judge, Chicago, 111.) Pony, 11 hands or under, in single harness, C. L. Hare, Indianap- olis, Ind $15 00 Second premium, E. M. IMckard, Summitville. Ind 10 00 I'ony, 11 to 13 hands, in single hai'ness, G. Howard Davison, Mill- brook, N. Y.. 15 00 Second premium, G. Howard Davison, Millbrook. X. Y 10 00 I'ony. 13 to 14% hands, in single harness, G. HoAAard Davison, ;Mill- brook, N. Y 15 00 Second premium, G. Howard Davison. Millbrook. X. Y 10 00 Mare and colt, Clara Hadley, Bridgeport, Ind 15 00 Pair ponres, 13 to 14% hands, in harness, G. Howard Davison. Mill- brook, N. Y 15 00 Second premium, G. Howard Davison, Milll)iook, X. Y 10 00 Ponies, tandem, G. Howard Davison, Millbrook. X. Y 15 0^> Second premium, C. L. Hare, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00 ANXUAL MEETING. 85 CATTLE. (Beef Breeds.) CLASS 18. SHOUTHOKXS. (C. L. Geilaugh, Judge, Osborne, Ohio.) BULLS. Three years old and over, W. F. Christian & Son, Indianapolis, Ind ,$25 00 Second premium, Moorman & iNIiller. Winchester, Ind l.j 00 Second premium. Baird Bros.. Wallen, Ind .5 00 Two years old and under three, F. W. Harding, Wauljesha, Wis. . . 20 00 Second premium, E. W. Bowen, Delphi, Ind 10 00 One year old and under two. F. W. Harding. Waulcesha, Wis l.j 00 Second premium, Geo. Kirk & Son, Anderson, Ind 00 Third premium, .J. G. Robbius & Sons, Horace, Ind 3 00 Calf, under one year old, .T. G. Bobbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 8 00 Secoiul premium. F. W. Harding, Waukesha, Wis 3 00 Third premium, E. W. Bowen, Delphi, Ind 2 00 cows AND HEIFERS. Three years old and over. F. W. Harding, AVaukesha, Wis .$2.5 00 Second premium, E. W. Bowen, Delphi, Ind 15 00 Third premium, W. F. Christian & Son. Indianapolis, Ind 5 00 Two years old and under three, E. AV. Bowen, Delphi, Ind 20 00 Second premium, J. G. Bobbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 10 00 Third premium, F. W. Harding, Waukesha, Wis 4 Of) One year old and under two. E. AY. Bowen, Delphi, Ind 15 IH) Second premium, J. G. Rol)bins & Sons, Horace, lud 00 Third premium, F. W. Harding, Waukesha, Wis 3 00 Calf, under one year, F. AY. Harding, AA'aukesha. AA'is 8 00 Second premium, .T. G. Kobltins & Sons. Horace. Ind 3 00 Third premium, .T. G. Bobbins & Sons, Horace, Ind • 2 00 Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire, J. G. Robluns & Sons, Horace, Ind 20 00 Second premium. F. AA'. Harding. AA'aukesha, AA'is 10 00 Third premium, E. W. Bowen, Delphi, Ind 4 00 Two anim.Mls. either sex, the produce of one cow, F. AA^ Harding. AYaukesha, AA'is 20 00 Se<-()nd premium. F. AY. Harding, AA'aukesha, AA'is 10 00 Third premium, Kerlin Bros., liockfield, Ind 4 00 80 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. Exhibitor's hord, F. W. Harding, Waukesha, AVis 50 00 Second premium. E. W. liowen, Delphi, Ind 2o 00 Breeder's lierd, F. W. Hardin,t,'.Waulveslia, Wis 50 00 Second premium, .T. G. Kolil)ins & Sons, Horace, Ind 25 00 Best fat steer, two years old and under three, C. P. Creek & Sons, Libertj', Ind 15 00 Second premium, H. .7. Sconce, Sidell. Ill 10 (X) Third premium, II. J. Sconce, Sidell, 111 5 00 Best fat steer one year old and under two, H. .J. Sconce, Sidell, 111. 15 00 Second premium, Moorman & Miller, Winchester, Ind 10 00 Third premium, II. ,T. Sconce, Sidell, 111 5 00 CHAMPIONS. Best bull, any age, W. F. Christian & Son, Indianapolis, Ind 25,00 Best cow or heifer, any age, E. W. Bowen, Delphi, Ind 25 00 CLASS 19. SPECIALS BY INDIANA SHORTHORN BREEDERS' i ASSOCIATION. (C. L. Gerlaugh, Judge, Osborne, Ohio.) Bull dropped between September 1, 1901, and .January 1, 1902, Ker- lin Bros., Rockfield, Ind $20 00 Second premium, Frank W. Cotton, Manilla, Ind 15 00 Third premium, Kerliu Bros., Rockfield, Ind 10 (K) Fourth premium, Baird Bros., Wallen, Ind 5 00 Bull dropped between January 1, 1902, and September 1, 1902, Geo. Kirk & Son, Anderson, Ind 20 00 Second premium, J. G. Bobbins «fc Sons, -Horace, Ind 15 00 Third premium, E. W. Bowen, Delphi, Ind 10 00 Fourth premium, Joe Witter, Liberty, Ind 5 00 Bull dropped between September 1, 1902, and January 1, 1903, J. G. Bobbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 20 00 Second premium, E. W. Bowen, Delphi, Ind 15 00 Third premium, J. D. Douglass &, Sons, Hope, Ind 10 00 Fourth premium, Frank W. Cotton, Manilla, Ind 5 00 Bull dropped between January 1, 1903, and September 1, 1903, Frank W. Cotton, Manilla, Ind 20 00 Second premium, E. E. Souers, Warren, Ind 15 00 Third premium, J. G. Bobbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 10 00 Fourth premium, John G. Gartin & Son, Burney, Ind 5 00 Heifer dropped between September 1, 1901, and .Tanuary 1, 1902, J. G. Bobbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 20 00 Second premium, J. G. Robbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 15 00 ANNUAL MEETING. 87 Third premium, Frank W. Cotton, Manilla, Ind 10 00 Fourth premium, Kerlin Bros., Roclifield, Ind 5 00 Heifer dropped between January 1, 1902, and September 1, 1902, Geo. Kirk & Son, Anderson, Ind 20 00 Second premium, J. D. Douglass & Son, Hope, Ind 15 00 Heifer dropped between September 1, 1902, and January 1, 1903, J. G. Bobbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 20 00 Second premium, J. G. Robbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 15 00 Third premium, W. F. Christian & Son, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00 Fourth premium, E. W. Bowen, Delphi, Ind 5 00 Heifer dropped between January 1, 1903, and September 1, 1903, Frank W Cotton, Manilla, Ind s 20 00 Second premium, E. E. Souers, Warren, Ind 15 00 Third premium, J. G. Robbins & Sons, Horace, Ind 10 00 Fourth premium, J. D. Douglass & Son, Hope, Ind 5 00 Steer dropped between September 1, 1901, and September 1, 1902, Moorman & Miller, Winchester 25 00 Second premium, W. F. Christian & Son, Indianapolis, Ind 15 00 Third premium, Moorman & Miller, Winchester, Ind 10 00 Steer di-opped since September 1, 1902, Moorman & Miller, Win- chester, Ind 10 00 CLASS 20. HEREFORDS. (N. H. Gentry, Judge, Sedalia, Mo.) BULLS. Three years old and over, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind. . . .$25 00 Second premium, Overton Harris, Harris, Mo 15 00 Third premium, D. E. Studebaker, Blufifton, Ind 5 00 Two years old and under three, J. C. Adams, Moweaqua, 111 20 00 Second premium, S. W. Anderson, Baker Mills, W. Va 10 00 Third premium, S. J. Peabody, Columbia City, Ind 4 00 One year old and under two, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind. 15 00 Second premium, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind G 00 Third premium, S. J. Peabody, Columbia City, Ind 3 00 Bull calf, under one year, Overton Harris, Harris, Mo 8 00 Second premium, W. S. Van Natta «fc Son, Fowler, Ind 3 00 Third premium, S. W. Anderson, Baker Mills, W. Va 2 00 cows AND HEIFERS, Three years old and over, Overton Harris, Harris, Mo $25 00 Second prominni, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind 15 00 Third premium, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind 5 00 88 BOARD OF AGRIOtJLTDRE. Two years old and uiuUt throe, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, lud 20 00 St'cond proniium, Overton Harris, Harris, J\Io 10 00 Third premium, Overton, Harris, Harris, Mo 4 00 One year old and under two, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind. 15 00 Second premium, Overton Harris, Harris, Mo 00 Third premium, Overton Harris, Harris, Mo 3 00 Calf, under one year, Overlon Harris, Harris, Mo 8 00 Second premium, Overton Harris, Harris, Mo 3 00 Third premium, W. S. Van Natta &; Son, Fowler, Ind 2 00 Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire, Overton Harris, Har- ris, Mo. . 20 00 Second premium, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind 10 00 Third premium, S. W. Andevsou, Baker Mills, W. Va 4 00 Two animals, either sex, the produce of one cow, Overton Harris, Harris, Mo 20 00 Second premium, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind 10 00 Third premium, S. W. Anderson, Balver Mills, W. Va 4 00 Exhibitor's herd, Overton Harris, Harris, Mo 50 00 Second premium, W. S. A^an Natta &; Son, Fowler, Ind 25 00 Breeder's herd, Overton Harris, Harris, Mo 50 00 Second premium, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind 20 00 Best fat steer, two years old and under three, Clem Graves, Bunker Hill, Ind. 15 00 Best fat steer one year old and under two, B. E. Keyt, Newtown, Ind 15 00 Second premium, Clem Graves, Bunker Hill, Ind 10 00 CHAMPIONS. Best bull, any age, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind 25 00 Best cow or heifer, anj^ age, Overton Harris, Harris, Mo 25 00 CLASS 21. SPECIALS BY INDIANA STATE HEREFORD BREED- ERS' ASSOCIATION. (N. H. Gentry, Judge, Sedalia, Mo.) BULLS. Three years old and over, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind. ... $9 59 Second pi'emium, Overton Harris, Harris, Mo 7 67 Third premium, D. E.. Studebaker, Bluff ton, Ind G 39 Fourth premium, J. V. & W. S. Hadley, Danville, Ind 5 11 Fifth premium, H. E. Watson, Edinburg, Ind 3 19 Two years old and under three, J. C. Adams, Moweaqua, 111 9 59 ANNUAL MEETING. 89 Second premium, S. W. Anderson, Baker Mills, W. Ya 7 G7 Third premium, S. J. Peabody, Columbia Cit3% Ind 6 39 Fourth premium, J. C. Adams, Moweaqua, 111 5 11 Fifth premium, S. J. Peabody, Columbia City, Ind 3 19 One year old and under two, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind. 9 59 Second premium, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind 7 67 Third premium, S. J. Peabody, Columbia City, Ind r 6 39 Fourth premium, D. E. Studebaker, BlufEton, Ind 5 11 Fifth premium, H. E. Watson, Edinburg, Ind 3 19 Junior yearling bull, S. W. Anderson, Baker Mills, W. Va 9 59 Second premium, J. P. Ratcliff & Sons, New Castle, Ind 7 (37 Third premium, Clem Graves, Bunker Hill, Ind 6 39 Fourth premium, D. E. Studebaker, Bluffton, Ind 5 11 Fifth premium, J. P. RatclifE & Sons, New Castle, Ind 3 19 Calf, under one year old, Overton Harris, Harris, Mo 9 59 Second premium, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind 7 G7 Third premium. S. W. Anderson, Baker Mills, W. Va G 39 cows AND HEIFERS. Three years old and over. Overton Harris, Harris, Mo $9 59 Second premium, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind 7 G7 Third premium, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind 6 39 Fourth premium. D. E. Studebaker, Bluff ton, Ind 5 11 Fifth premium, S. W. Anderson, Baker Mills, W. Va 3 19 Two years old and under three, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind 9 59 Second premium. Overton Harris, Harris, Mo 7 G7 Third premium, Overton Harris, Harris, Mo G 39 Fourth premium, S. W. Anderson, Baker IMills, W. Va 5 11 Fifth premiuni. S. W. Anderson, Baker Mills, W. Va 3 19 One year old and under two. W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind. 9 59 Second premium, Overton Harris, Harris, Mo 7 (57 Third prcniiuni. Overton Harris, Harris Mo G 39 Fourtii prcniium, .J. P. Ratcliff & Sons, New Castle. Ind 5 11 Fifth premium, J. P. Ratcliff & Sons, New Castle, Ind 3 19 Junior yearling heifer, Overton Harris, Harris, Mo . . . 9 59 Second itroniinm. W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler. Ind .- 7 G7 Third premium. I>. E. Studel)alier, Bluff ton. Ind G 39 Fourth premium. J. C. Adams, Moweaqua, 111 5 11 Fifth premium. H. E. Watson, Edinburg, Ind 3 19 Calf, under on(> ve.ir old. Overton Harris, Harris, Mo 9 59 Second premium. Overton Harris, Harris, Mo 7 (17 Third premium. W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind (! 39 Fourth premium, J. C. Adams, Moweaqua, 111 5 11 90 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. Fifth premium, W. S. Van Natta & Son. Fowler, lud 3 19 Steer one year old and under two, S. J. Peabody, Columbia City, Ind 9 59 Grade steer or spayed Martin heifer, two years old and under three, Clem Graves, Bunker Hill, Ind 9 59 Grade steer or spayed Martin heifer, 1 year old and under tow, B. E. Keyt, Newtown, Ind 9 59 Second premium, Clem Graves, Bunker Hill, Ind 5 11 Steer calf under one year old, Clem Graves, Bunker Hill, Ind 9 59 Second premium, C. E. Amsden, Shelbyville, Ind-. 5 11 CLASS 22. ABERDEEN-ANGUS. (C. E. Marvin, Judge, Paynes Depot, Ky.) BULLS. Three years old and over, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111... .$15 00 Second pi-emium, Wilmer N. Foster, Attica, Ind 10 00 Third premium, Henderson & Sons, Lebanon, Ind 5 00 Two years old and under three, W. A. McHenry, Denison, Iowa. .. 10 00 Second premium, C. H. Gardner. Blandsville, Ind 7 00 Third premium, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 4 00 One year old and under two, Smith & Chambers, Shelbyville, Ky. . 8 00 Second premium, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111 G 00 Third premium, W. A. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 3 00 Calf, under one year old, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 5 00 Second premium, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111 3 00 Third premium, Wilmer N. .Foster, BlufEton, Ind 2 00 cows AND HEIFERS. Three years old and over, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111 $15 00 Second premium, W. A. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 10 00 Third premium, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 5 00 Tavo years old and under three, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111. .. . 10 00 Second premium, W. A. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 7 00 Third premium, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 3 00 Calf, under one year old, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 5 00 Second premium, W. A. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 3 00 Third premium, W. A. McHenrj', Denison, Iowa 2 00 Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire, W. A. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 10 00 Second premium, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 7 00 Third premium, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111 5 00 ANNUAL MEETING. 91 Two animals, cither sex, the produce of one cow, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 10 00 Second premium, W. A. McHenry, Deuisou, Iowa 7 00 Third premium, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111 5 00 Exhibitor's herd, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111 20 00 Second premium, W. A. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 10 00 I^reeder's herd, W. A. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 20 00 Second premium, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 10 00 Best fat steer, two years old and under three, M. A. Judy, Will- iamsport, Ind 15 00 Second premium. Lew Kerr, Newtown, Ind 10 00 Best fat steer, one year old and under two, M. A. Judy, Williams- port, Ind 15 00 Second premium, Lew Kerr, Newtown, Ind 10 00 Third premium, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 5 00 1! b - CHAMPIONS. Best bull, any age. Smith & Chambers, Shelby ville, Ky $20 00 Best cow or heifer, any age, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111 20 00 CLASS 23. SPECIALS FOR INDIANA ABERDEEN-ANGUS BREEDERS. (C. E. Marvin, Judge, Paynes Depot, Ky.) BULLS. Two years old and under three. M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind .$7 50 One year old and under two, David Hadley ^ Sou, Danville, Ind.. . 7 50 Second premium, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind. . . . .' 6 50 Third premium, Henderson & Sous, Lebanon, Ind 5 50 Under one year old. M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 7 50 Second premium, AVilmer N. Foster, Attica, Ind 6 50 Third premium, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 5 50 Fourth premium, Wilmer N. Foster, Attica, Ind 4 50 Fifth premium, David Bradley & Son, Danville, Ind 3 50 cows AND HEIFEBS. Two years old and under three, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Iiul 7 50 Second premium, M. A. Judy. Williamsport, Ind 50 Third premium, Henderson & Sons, Lebanon. Ind 5 50 Fourth premium, Henderson «S: Sons. Lebanon. Ind 4 50 One year old and under two. M. A. Judy. Williamsport, Ind 7 50 Second premium, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind G 50 92 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. Third i»ri>niium. Dnvid TLidlcy & Son, D.iiivilU'. Iiid .*"» .'() Fourth lut'iniiiiii, llt'iuli-rsoii ."»(» Fourth premium, Henderson & Sons, Lebanon, Ind 4 ."iO Fifth premium, Henderson & Sons, Lebanon, Ind 3 TiO Young herd, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 20 (M) Second premium, Henderson tfc Sons, Lebanon. Ind 10 00 Steer two years old and under three, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind. 10 00 Second premium. Lew Kerr, Newtown, Ind 7 50 Steer one year old and under two, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind. . 10 00 Second premium, Lew K( rr, Newtown, Ind 7 50 Third premium, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 5 00 Three best steers shown by one exhibitor, M. A. Judy, Williani.s- port, Ind 10 00 CLASS 24. POLLED DURHAMS. (F. W. Harding, Judge, Waukesha, Wis.) BULLS. Three years old and over, A. C. Green & Son, Pendleton, Ind .$15 00 Second premium, Fletcher S. Hines, Malott Park, Ind 10 00 Third premium, J. N. Wood & Son, Gardner, 111 5 00 Two years old and under three, Oscar Hadley, Danville. Ind 10 00 Second premium. J. N. Wood & Son, Gardner, 111 7 00 One year old and under two, Fletcher S. Hines, Malott Park, Ind. . 8 00 Second premium, A. C. Wood & Son, Pendleton, Ind 00 Third premium, A. C. Wood & Son, Pendleton, Ind 3 00 Calf, under one year old, Oscar Hadley, Danville, Ind 5 00 Second premium, J. N. Wood & Son, Gardner, 111 3 00 cows AND IIEIFEKS. Three years old and over, Fletcher S. Hines, INIalott Park. Ind 15 00 Second premium, J. N. Wood «fc Son, Gardner, 111 10 00 Third premium, A. C. Wood «fc Son, Pendleton, Ind 5 00 Two years old and under three, Fletcher S. Hines, Malott Park. Ind 10 00 Second premium, A. C. Wood & Son, Pendleton, Ind 7 00 Third premium, J. N. Wood & Son, Gardner, 111 4 00 One year old and under two, J. N. Wood & Son, Gardner, 111 8 00 Second premium, A. C. Wood & Son, Pendleton, Ind 6 00 ANNUAL MEETING. 93 Third iircmiuiu, Fletcher S. Ilines. Malott Tjirk. liid 3 00 Calf, under one year old, Fletcher S. Ilines, Malott I'ark, Ind 5 00 Second premium, A. C. Wood & Sou, Pendleton, Ind 3 00 Third premium, A. C. Wood & Son, Pendleton, Ind 2 00 J''our animals, either sex, the get of one sire, A. C. AVoud ic Son, Pendleton, Ind 10 00 Second premium, J. X. Wood & Son, Gardner, 111 7 00, Two animals, either sex, the produce of oue cow, Fletcher S. Hines. 10 00 Second premium, A. C. Wood & Son, Pendleton, Ind .' 7 00 Third premium, A. C. Wood & Sou, Pendleton, Ind 5 00 Exhibitor's herd, Fletcher S. Hines, Malott Park, Ind 20 00 Second premium, A. C. Wood & Son, Pendleton, Ind 10 00 breeder's herd, J. X. Wood & Son, Gardner, 111 20 00 liest fat steer two years old and under three, Fletcher S. Hines Malott Park, Ind 15 00 Second premium, Fletcher S. Hines, Malott I'ark, Ind 10 00 CHAMnOXS. Best bull, any age, A. C. Wood & Son, Peudleton, Ind 20 00 Best cow or heifer, any age, Fletcher S. Hines, Malott Park, Ind. . 20 00 AMEKICAX ABERDEEX-AXGUS BREEDERS' ASSOCIATIOX SPECIAL PREMIUMS. (C. E. Marvin, Judge, Payne's Depot, Ky.) BULLS. Three years old or over, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111 $14 00 Second premium, Wilmer X. Foster, Attica, Ind 9 00 Third premium, Henderson «fc Sons, Lebanon, Ind 00 Two years old and under three, W. A. McHenry, Denison, Iowa. ... 14 00 Second premium, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111 9 00 Third premium, M. A. Judy, AVilliamsport, Ind 00 One year old and under two. Smith & Chambers, Slielbyville, Ky. . 14 00 Second premium, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville. Ill 8 00 Third premium, W. A. McHenry, 1 >ciiis()n, Iowa C (K» Fourth i)remium, David Iladley ^: Son, Danville, Ind 4 (X) Fifth premium, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 3 00 Sixth premium,' Henderson .fc Sons, Lel)anon. Ind 2 00 Under one year, M. A. Judy. Williamspoit, Ind 14 00 Second premium, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, HI 8 00 'i'hird premium, Wilmer X. Foster, Attica, Ind 00 Fourth premium, M. A. Juily, Williamsport, Ind 4 00 Fifth premium, Wilmer X. Foster, Attica, Ind. : 3 00 Sixth premium, David Hadlcy i^ Son, D.invilic, Ind 2 (K) 9-1 BOAHD OF AGRICULTURE. COWS AND HEIFERS. Three years old or over, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, III 14 00 Second premium, W. A. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 9 00 Third proniium, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind G 00 Fourth premium, Henderson & Sons, Lebanon, Ind 4 00 Fifth premium, Henderson & Sons, Lebanon, Ind 3 00 Two years old and under three, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111. ... 14 00 Second premium, W. A. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 9 00 Third premium, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 00 Fourth premium, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 4 00 Fifth premium, Henderson & Son, Lebanon, Ind 3 00 One year old and under two, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111 14 00 Second premium, AV. A. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 8 00 Third premium, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind G 00 Fourth premium, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 4 00 Fifth premium, W. A. McHenry, Denison, Iowa. 3 00 Sixth premium, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111 2 00 Heifer under one year old, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 14 00 Second premium, W. A. McHenry, Denison, Iowa 8 00 Third premium, W. A. McHenry, Denison, Iowa G 00 Four til premium, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111 4 00 Fifth premium, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111 3 OU Sixth premium, AVilmer N. Foster, Attica, Ind 2 00 CLASS 25. GALLOWAYS. (C. E. Marvin, Judge, Payne's Depot, Ky.) BULLS. Three years old and over, Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind $15 00 Two years old and under three, Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 10 00 One year old and under two, Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind. . 8 00 Second premium, Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 6 00 Calf, under one year old, Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind.... 5 00 cows AND HEIFERS, Two years old and under three, Brookside Farm Co.. Ft. Wayne, Ind 10 00 Second premium, Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 7 00 One year old and under two, Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind. 8 00 Second premium, Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 6 00 Calf, under one year old, Brookside Fai-m Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 5 00 ANNUAL MEETING. 95 Second premium, Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 3 00 Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire, Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 10 00 Second premium, Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 7 00 Two animals, either sex, the produce of one^cow, Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 10 00 Exhibitor's herd, Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 20 00 Second premium, Bi-ookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 10 00 Breeder's herd, Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 20 00 Best bull, any age, Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind 20 00 Best cow or heifer, any age, Brookside Farm Co., Ft. Wayne, Ind. . 20 00 CLASS 26. RED POLLS. (C. E. Marvin, Judge, Payne's Depot, Ky.) BULLS. Three years old and over, Chas. J. Buchanan, Indianapolis, Ind. .. .$10 00 One year old and under two, Chas. J. Buchanan, Indianapolis, Ind. o 00 Calf, under one year old, Chas. J. Buchanan, Indianapolis, Ind.... 5 00 cows AND HEIFERS. Three years old and over, Chas. J. Buchanan, Indianapolis, Ind. ... 10 00 Second premium, Chas. J. Buchanan, Indianapolis, Ind 5 00 Two years old and under three, Chas. J. Buchanan, Indianapolis, Ind 7 00 One year old and under two, Chas. J. Buchanan, Indianapolis, Ind. 5 00 Calf, under one year old, Chas. J. Buchanan, Indianapolis, Ind 5 00 Two animals, either sex, the produce of one cow, Chas. J. Buch- anan, Indianapolis, Ind 8 00 Exhibitor's herd, Chas. J. Buchanan, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00 CHAMPIONS. Best bull, any age, Chas. J. Buchanan, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00 Best cow or heifer, any age, Chas. J. Buchanan, Indianapolis, Ind. . 10 00 CLASS 27. OPEN TO ALL BEEF BREEDS. (F. A. Nave, C. E. Marvin, C. L. Gerlaugh, Judges.) , GRAND CHAMPIONS. Best bull, any age or breed, W. S. Van Natta & Son, Fowler, Ind. .^.jO 00 Best cow or heifer, any age or breed, C. H. Gardner, Blandsville, 111 50 00 Best steer, any age or breed, M. A. Judy, Williamsport, Ind 50 00 Second premium, H. J. Sconce, Sidell, 111 25 00 on i:(».\i;i» ()!■' A<;ui( I 1,1 i"i;i:. CATTLE. (Daiky Breeds.) CLASS 2S. JERSEYS. (M. A. Scovell, .Judge, Le.xingtoii, Ky.) BULLS. ^1' Three years old and o.ver, W. L. Scott, Seotts Station, Ky $20 (Xl Second premium. P. A. Pugli &, Son, New Cumberland, W. Va 12 0<» Third premium, W. L. Scott, Scotts Station, Ky (5 00 Two years old and under three, W. L. Scott, Scotts Station, Ky. ... l.j 00 Second premium, P. A. Push & Son, New Cumberland, W. Va 7 00 One year old and under two, AV. L. Scott, Scotts Station, Ky 10 00 Second premium, P. A. Pugh & Son, New Cumberland, W. Va 7 00 Third premium, C. W. Brubeck, Georgetown, Ind 4 00 Calf, under one year old, W. L. Scott, Scotts Station, Ky 7 00 Second premium, C. W. Brubeck, Georgetown, Ind ."> 00 Third premium, P. A. Pugh «fc Son, New Cumlierlaiid, W. Va 3 00 cows AND HEIFERS. Three years old and over, C. W. Brubeck, Georgetown, Ind 20 00 Second premium, W. L. Scott, Scotts Station, Ky 12 00 Third premium. W. L. Scott, Scotts Station, Ky 6 00 Two years old and under three, C. W. Brubeck, Georgetown, Ind. .. 1.1 00 Second premium, M. L. Hessong, Nora, Ind 10 00 Third premium, W. L. Scott, Scotts Station, Ky 5 00 One year old and under two, W. L. Scott, Scotts Station, Ky 10 00 Second premium, W. L. Scott, Scotts Station, Ky 7 00 Third premium, C. W. Brubeck, Georgetown, Ind 4 00 Calf, under one year old, W. L. Scott, Scotts Station, Ky 7 00 Second premium, P. A. Pugh «S: Son, New Cumberland. AV. Va 5 00 Third premium, C. W. Brubeck, Georgetown, Ind 3 00 Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire, A\'. li. Scott, Scotts Station, Ky 15 00 Second premium. C. W. Biul)eck, Georgetown, Ind 10 00 Third premium, I*. A. I'ugh &: Son, New Cumberland, W. Va 6 00 Two animals, either sex, the pi'oduce of one cow, C. W. Brubeck, Georgetown, Ind 15 00 Second premium. W. L. Scott. Scotts Station. Ky 10 00 Third premium, W. L. Scott, Scotts Station, K,v 5 00 Exhibitor's herd, W. L. Scott, Scotts Station, Ky 25 00 ANNUAL MKETING. 97 Secoiul piciuiuin, C. W. Kruheck. Gooi-fretown, liid 15 00 lireeder'b lifid, W. L. Scott. Scotts Station, Ky 25 00 Second premium, V. A. Pugli ».V: Son, New Cumberland, W. Va 15 00 CHAMPIONS. Best bull, any ayt-. W. L. Scott, Scott.<; Station. Ky 25 00 Best cow or heifer, anj- age, C. W. Brubeck, Georgetown. Ind 25 00 CLASS 21). HOLSTEIX-FKKSIAX. (M. A. Scovell, Judge, Lexington, Ky.) BULLS. Three j-ears old and over, T. A. Mitchell. Weedsport, X. Y $12 00 Two years old and under three, T. A. Mitchell, Weedsport. X. Y 8 00 One year old and under two. T. A. Mitchell. Weedsport. X. Y 6 00 Calf, under one year old. T. A. Mitchell. Weedsinn-t, X. Y 5 00 cows AND HEIFERS. Three j-ears old and over. T. A. :Mitchell. Weed.sport, X. Y 12 00 Second premium. T. A. Mitcliell. Weedsport, X. Y 8 00 Two years old and under tluee. T. A. ^Mitchell, Weedsport. X. Y'. .. 8 00 Second premium. T. A. Mitchell. Weedsport. N. Y G 00 One year old and under two. T. A. :\Iitchell. Weedsport, X. Y 6 00 Second premium. T. A. Mitchell. Weed.sport. X. Y 3 00 Calf, under one year old. T. A. Mitclu'll. Weedsport. X. Y 5 00 Second preniium. T. A. Mitcliell. Weedsport, X. Y' 5 00 Third premium. T. A. .Mitcliell. Weedsport. X. Y .*} 00 Four anim.-ils. either sex. tlie get of one sire. T. A. Mitchell. Weeds- port. X. Y 8 00 Exhibitor's herd. T. A. Mitchell.* Weedsport. X. Y 15 00 Second premium. T. A". .Mitchell. NVeedsjiort. X. Y 10 00 Breeder's herd. T. A. .Mit. I'liidLiy. Ohio $12 00 One year old and umlcr t wo. .]. \V. Swab. Findlay, Ohio (H) 7-Agrri. 98 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. Second premium, A. C. Green & Sons, Winchester, Ind 3 00 Calf, under one year old. J. W. Swab, Findlay, Ohio 5 00 Second premium, A. C. Green «fc Sons, Winchester, Ind 3 00 Third premium, J. W. Swab, Findlay, Oliio 2 00 t cows AND HEIFERS. Three years old and over, .T. W. Swab, Findlay, Ohio 12 00 Second premium, J. W. Swab, Findlay, Ohio 8 00 Third premium. .T. W. Swab, Findlay. Ohio 4 00 Two years old and under three, J. W. Swab, Findlay, Ohio 8 00 Second premium, J. W. Swab, Findlay, Ohio '. . . 00 One year old and under two, J. W. Swab, Findlay, Ohio G 00 Second premium, J. W. Swab, Findlay, Ohio 3 00 Calf, under one year old, .J. W. Swab, Findlay, Ohio 5 00 Second premium, J. W. Swab, Findlay, Ohio ■ 3 00 Third premium, J. AV. Swab, Findlay, Ohio 2 00 Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire, J. W. Swab, Findlay. Ohio 8 00 Two animals, either sex, the produce of one cow. J. W. Swab, Find- lay, Ohio 8 00 Second premium. J. W. Swal). Findlay. Ohio 00 Third premium, J. W. Swab, Findlay, Ohio 3 00 Exhibitor's herd, J. W. Swab, Findlay, Ohio 15 00 Breeder's herd, J. W. Swab, Findlay, Ohio l.j 00 CLASS 31. AYKSHIRES. (M. A. Scovell, Judge, Lexington, Ky.) BULLS. Three years old and over. Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio $12 00 Second premium, McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio 8 00 Two years old and under three, Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 8 00 One year old and under two, Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 00 Second premium, McCormick «fc Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio 3 00 Calf, under one year old, Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 5 00 Second premium, McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio 3 00 cows AND HEIFERS. Three years old and over. Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 12 00 Second premium, McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio 8 00 Third premium. Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 4 00 Two years old and under three, Howard Cook, Beloit. Ohio 8 00 Second preiiiium, McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio OQ ANNUAL MEETING. 99 Third premium, Howard Cool<, Bolo:t. Oliio 3 00 One year old aud under two, McCormicli & Edgerly, I'ataslcala, O.. 6 00 Second premium, Howard Cook, Beloit, Oliio 3 00 Third premium, McCormicli & Edgerlj% Patasliala, Oliio 2 00 Calf, under one year old, IMcCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio. . 5 00 Second premium, Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 3 00 Third premium, Howard Cook, Beloit, Oliio 2 00 Four animals, either sex, the get of one sire, Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio ■ 8 00 Second premium, McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio 00 Two animals, either sex, the produce of one cow, McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio 8 00 Second premium, Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 6 00 Exhibitor's herd, Howard Cook, Beloit Ohio 15 00 Second premium, McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio 10 00 Breeder's herd, Howard Cook, Beloit, Ohio 15 00 Second premium, McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio 10 00 CLASS 32. GURNSEYS. (M. A. Scovell, Judge, Lexington, Ky.) BULLS. Three years old and over, L. V. Axtell, Perry, Ohio $12 00 Second premium, McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio 8 00 Two years old and under three, L. V. Axtell, Perry, Ohio 8 00 Second premium, McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio G 00 One year old and under two, L. V. Axtell, Perry, Ohio G 00 Second premium, McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio 3 00 Calf, under one year old, McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio. . 5 00 Second premium, L. V. Axtell, Perry, Ohio 3 00 Third premium, L. V. Axtell, Perry, Ohio 2 00 cows AND HEIFERS. Three years old and over, McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio. . 12 00 Second premium, L. V. Axtell, Perry, Ohio 8 00 Tliird premium, L. V. Axtell, Perry, Ohio 4 00 Two years old and under three, L. Y. Axtell, Perry, Ohio 8 00 Second premium, McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio 6 00 Third premium, L. V. Axtell, Perry, Ohio 3 00 One year old and under two, L. V. Axtell, I*erry, Oifio G 00 Second premium, McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio 3 00 Tliird premium, L. V. Axtell, Perry, Ohio 2 00 Calf, under one year old, McCormick & Edgerly, Pataskala, Ohio. . . 5 00 iOO BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. Sccoiid iMTiiiium, L. V . Axicll. rciry. oliin ;{ (.H) Third piH'iniuiu. 1.. \'. Axtcll. I'cny. < Hiin 2 00 Four aninijils. cither sex. Ilic ucl oT oiic siii', !.. \'. Axldl. Terry, (Hiio S 00 Second iH'emiuiu. .Mc( ". \. Axtell, l\n-ry, Ohio 8 00 Second prenduni, L. V. Axtcll. Terry, Ohio 00 Third premium, McCormick i*c Edi;orly, Talaskala, Ohio 3 00 Exhibitor'.s herd. L. V. Axtell, IV'rry, Ohio !."> 00 Second preuuum, McCormick «fe Ed.i?erly, T:it;isk:il,i. Ohio 10 00 Breeder's herd, L. V. Axtell. Terry, Ohio 15 (W Second premium. McCormick & lOdyerly, Tat.-iskalii, Ohio 10 (JO CHAMPIONS. Best bull, any aj;e, L. V. Axtell, I'erry, Oliio 20 00 Best cow or heifer, any age, L. Y. Axtell, Tei'ry Ohio L'O 00 DAIRY AND CREAMERY I'RODFCTS. CLASS' 33. (H. X. Slater, Judge, Lafayette. Ind.; For 20-pound tub ereamery butter, Herbert New1»y, Si)iceland, Ind..$20 00 Second premium, Perry L. Johnson, Trairie Creek, Ind 1.") 00 Third premium, Silas Holloway, North Manchester, Ind 10 00 Fourth premium, Schlosser Bros., Plymouth. Ind 5 00 For 10-pound tub dairy butter, Mrs. Peter Kaab, Lawrence. Ind... 12 00 Secoud premium, Mrs. Jerome Duidap, Lafayette. Ind 8 00 For 5 pounds dairy butter in one i)ound prints, Mrs. E. T. Drake, Edinburg, Ind 8 00 Second premium, Frank K. Gregory, IVndleton, Ind (i 0() Third premium, Mrs. IVter Kaab, Lawrence. Ind 4 00 Fourth premium, Chas. Lamont, Noblesville, Ind 2 00 For full cream cheese, not less than .".n jiounds, I'.oyd A; Diischel, Cambridge City, Ind 15 00 Second premium, A. E. Helmer, Evans Mills. N. Y 12 00 Third premium, W. L. McCain, Dublin, Ind 8 00 For cottage cheese, not less than one print, Jennie II. Droke, (Jal- laudet, Ind 3 00 ANNUAL MEETING. lOl Second premium, Mrs. W. B. Flick, Lawrence, lud 2 00 Third premium, Mrs. Jerome Dunlap. Lafayette, lud 1 00 For the most fancy exhibit of print or ornamental butter work, Jennie II. Droke, Gallaudet, Ind 10 00 For three Young America cheese, Boyd & Drischel, Cambridge City, Ind 15 00 Second premium, A. E. Helmer, Evans Mills, N. Y 10 00 Third premium. AV. L. McCain, Dublin, Ind 5 00 SHEEP. CLASS 34. SHROPSHIRE. (H. Noel Gibson, Judge.) RAMS. Two years old or over, G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y ?10 00 Second premium, G. Howard Davison, Millbrook. N. Y 8 00 Third premium, Niagara Stock Farm, Lewiston, N. Y 5 34 Fourth premium, Henry C. Forgey, Crawfordsville, Ind 4 00 Fifth premium, Niagara Stock Farm, Lewiston, N. Y 3 33 Sixth premium, Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 2 00 One year old and under two, Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 10 00 Second premium, G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 8 00 Third premium, G. Howard Davison, Milll)rook, N. Y 5 34 Fourth premium, Niagara Stock Farm, Lewiston, N. Y 4 00 Fifth premium, Henry C. Forgey, Crawfordsville, Ind 3 33 Sixth premium, Niagara Stock Farm, Lewiston, N. Y 2 00 Lamb, G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 10 00 Second premium, G. Howard Davison, INIillbrook, N. Y 8 00 Third, premium, Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 5 34 Fourth premium, G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 4 00 Fifth premium, Niagara Stock Farm, Lewiston, N. Y 3 33 Sixth premium, Henrj- Klinger, Lebanon, Ind 2 00 EWES. One year old and under two, G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y. 10 00 Second premium, G. Howard Davison. Millbrook, N. Y 8 00 Third premium, Geo. Allen, Allerton. Ill 5 34 Fourth premium. Niagara Stock Farm, Lewiston, N. Y 4 00 Fifth premium, Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 3 33 102 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE:. Sixth premium. Henry C. Forney, Crawfordsville, Ind 2 00 Lamb. G. Howard Davison, Millbroolc, N. Y 10 00 Second premium, Geo. Allen, AUerton, 111 8 00 Third premium, Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 5 34 Fourth premium. Niagara Stock Farm, Lewiston, N. Y 4 00 Fifth premium, Niagara Stoek Farm, Lewiston, X. Y 3 33 Sixth premium, G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 2 00 FLOCKS, Exhibitor's flock, G. Howard Davison, Millbrogk, N. Y 10 00 Second premium, Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 8 00 Third premium, Niagara Stock Farm, Lewiston, N. 1' 5 34 Fourth premium, Henry C. Forgey, Crawfordsville, Ind 4 00 Fifth premium, Claud D. Storm, Lebanon, Ind 3 33 Breeder's flock, G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 10 00 Second premium, Niagara Stock Farm, Lewiston, N. Y 8 00 Third premium, Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 5 34 Fourth premium, Claud D. Storm, Lebanon, Ind 4 00 Fifth premium, Henry C. Forgey, Crawfordsville, Ind. 3 33 Best pen of five rams, any age, G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 10 00 Second premium, Niagara Stock Farm, Lewiston, N. l' 8 00 Third premium, Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 5 34 Fourth premium, Wm. Furry, Greenfield, Ind 4 00 Fifth premium, Henry Klinger, Lebanon, Ind 3 33 Sixth premium, Wm. Furry, Greenfield, Ind 2 00 CHAMPIONS. Champion ram, any age, G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 13 33 Champion ewe, any age, G. Howard Davison, Millbrook, N. Y 13 33 CLASS 35. - OXFORD DOWN. RAMS. Two years old or over, R. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 12 00 Second premium, Geo. McKerrow^ Pewaukee, Wis 7 00 Third premium, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 5 00 Fourth premium, Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 3 00 One year old and under tw'o, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 12 00 Second premium, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 7 00 Third premium, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 5 00 Fourth premium, R. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 3 00 Lamb, R. .L Stone, Stonington, III 12 00 ANNUAL MEETING. 10P> Second premium, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 7 00 Tliird premium, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaulcee, Wis , 5 00 Fourth premium, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 3 00 EWES. One year old and under two, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 12 00 Second premium, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 7 00 Tliird premium, R. .T. Stone, Stonington, 111 5 00 Fourth premium, Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 3 00 Lamb, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 12 00 Second premium, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 7 00 Tliird premium, R. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 5 00 Fourth premium, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 3 00 FLOCKS. Exhibitor's flock, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 10 00 Second premium, R. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 6 00 Third premium, Wilson Bros 4 00 Breeder's flock, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 10 00 Second premium, R. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 6 00 Third premium, R. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 4 00 Best pen of five rams, any age, R. J. Stone, Stonington, 111 10 00 CHAMPIONS. Champion ram, any age, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 10 00 Champion ewe, any age, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 10 00 CLASS 3G. SOUTHDOWN. RAMS. Two years old or over, Geo. McKeiTow, Pewaukee, AVis 12 00 Second premium, Geo. Allen, AUerton, 111 7 00 Third premium. Geo. Allen, Allerton, 111 5 00 Fourth premium, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 3 00 One year old and under two, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 12 00 Second premium, Geo. Allen. Allerton, 111 7 00 Third premium, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 5 00 Fourth premium, AX'ilsoii Bros 3 00 Lamb, Geo. McKerrow. I»ewaukee, Wis 12 00 Second premium. Wilson liros., Muncie, Ind 7 00 Third premium, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis ."> 00 Fourth premium, Geo. McKerrow, I'ewaukee, Wis 3 00 104 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. EWES. One year old and under two, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 12 00 Second premium, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 7 00 Thii'd premium, Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind G 00 Fourth premium. Geo. Allen, Allorton, 111 3 00 Lamb. Goo. Allen. Alli-rton, 111 12 00 Second premium, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 7 00 Third premium, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 5 00 Fourth premium, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 3 00 FLOCKS. E.xhibitor's flock, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, AVis 10 00 Second premium, Watt Wilson & Son, Muncie, Ind 10 00 Breeder's flock, Geo. McKerroAV, Pewaukee, Wis 10 00 Second premium. Watt Wilson & Son, Muncie, Ind G 00 Pen of five rams, any age, Watt Wilson & Sou, Muncie, Ind 10 00 CHAMPIONS. Champion ram, any age, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 10 00 Champion ewe, any age, Geo. McKerrow, Pewaukee, Wis 10 00 CLASS 37. HAMPSHIRE DOWN. RAMS. Two years old or over, James West, Montpelier, Ind $8 00 Second premium, James West, Montpelier, Ind 4 00 One year old and under two, James West, Montpelier, Ind 8 00 Second premium, James West, Montpelier, Ind 3 00 Third premium, .lames West, Montpelier, Ind 2 00 Lamb, James West, Montpelier, Ind 8 00 Second premium, James West, Montpelier, Ind 3 00 Third premium, James West, Montpelier, Ind 2 00 EWES. One year old and under two, James West, Montpelier, Ind 8 00 Second premium, James West, Montpelier, Ind 3 00 Lamb, James West, Montpelier, Ind 8 00 FLOCKS. Exhibitor's flock, James West, Montpelier, Ind G 00 Second premium, .Tames West, Montpelier, Ind 3 00 Breeder's flock, James West, Montpelier, Ind G 00 Second premium, James West, Montpelier, Ind 3 00 Pen of five rams, any age, James West, Montpelier, Ind 10 00 Second premium, James West, Montpelier, Ind 5 00 ANNUAL MEETING. CHAMPIONS. 106 Champion ram, any age, James West, Montpelier, Ind 6 00 Champion ewe, any age, James West, Montpelier, Ind 6 00 CLASS 38. COTSWOLD. EAMS. Two years old or over, Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind $12 00 Second premium, F. W. Harding, Waukesha, Wis 7 00 Third premium, Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 5 00 Fourth premium, Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 3 00 One year old and under two, F. W. Harding, Waukesha, Wis 12 00 Second premium, Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 7 00 Third premium, Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 6 00 Fourth premium, F. W. Harding, Waukesha, Wis 3 00 Lamb, F. W. Harding, Waukesha, Wis 12 00 Second premium, F. W. Harding, Waukesha, Wis 7 00 Third premium, F. W. Harding, Waukesha, Wis 5 00 Fourth premium, Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 3 00 EWES. One year old and under two, F. W. Harding, Waukesha, Wis 12 00 Second premium, F. W. Harding, Waukesha, Wis 7 00 Third premium, Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 5 00 Lamb, F. W. Harding, Waukesha, Wis 12 00 Second premium, F. W. Harding, Waukesha, Wis 7 00 Third premium, Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 5 00 Fourth premium, Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 3 00 Exhibitor's flock, F. W. Harding, Waukesha, Wis .- 10 00 Second premium, Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 6 00 FLOCKS. Breeder's flock, Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 10 00 Pen of five rams, Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 10 00 CHAMPIONS. Champion ram, any age, Wilson Bros., Muncie, Ind 10 00 Champion ewe, any age, F. W. Harding, Waukesha, Wis 10 00 CLASS 40. DORSETS. BAMS. Two years old or over, R. Stuyvesant, Allamuchy, N. J $8 00 Second premium, R. Stuyvesant, Allamuchy, N. J 4 00 100 BOARt) OP AGlllCtJLTtlJd«:. Olio year old and undor two, K. Stuyvosant, Allaiuuchy, N. J 8 00 St'foiul pri'iiiiiuii, K. Stay VL'saut, Allaimuhy, N. J 3 00 Lamb, It. Stuyvesant, Allamuchy, N. J 8 00 Soc-ond premium, U. StuyviMiuiii, A. 'r. CiiiiIkm-, Wiikcmaii, Oliio ^ 00 CIIAMIMONS. Cliampioii lam. any age, A. T. Gamber, Wakciuan, (Hiio S 00 Cliampioii i-wo, any age, G. E. Reiser, Herring, Ohio S 00 CLASS 43. MERINOS. KAMS. Two years old or over, K. D. Williamson, Xenia. Ohio $8 00 Second premium, G. E. Helser, Herring, Ohio 5 00 Third premium, K. D. AVilliamson, Xenia, Ohio 3 00 One year old and under tAvo, A. T. Gamber, Wakeman, Ohio 8 00 Second premium, G. E. Helser, Herring, Ohio 5 00 Third premium, R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 3 OU Ram lamb, R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio S 00 Second premium, R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 5 00 Third premium. G. E. Helser, Herring, Ohio 3 00 EWES. Two years old or over, R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 8 00 Second premium, G. E. Helser, Herring, Ohio 5 00 Third premium, G. E. Helser, Herring, Ohio 3 00 One year old and under tAvo, R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 8 00 Second premium, R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 5 00 Third premium, G. E. Helser, Herring, Ohio 3 00 Lamb. R. 1>. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 8 00 FLOCKS. Breeder's flock, F. B. Hartman, Fincastle, Ind 5 00 Second premium, F. B. Hartman, Fincastle, Ind 3 00 CIIAMnONS. Champion ram, any age, G. W. Paruell, Wingate, Ind 5 00 Champion ewe, any age, F. B. Hartman, Fincastle, Ind 5 00 Second premium, R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 5 00 Third premium, G. E. Helser, Herring, Ohio 3 00 Exhibitor's flock, R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 5 00 Second premium, R. D. Williamson, Xenia, Ohio 3 00 Third premium, G. E. Helser, Herring, Ohio 2 00 ANNUAL MEETING. 109 I'l.OCKS. l'.ri'tMl(M''s llurk. It. I). \\'illiMiiis(iii. Xi'iii.-i. < Hiin .• 5 00 Si'cdiul pi-i'iiiiuin, (J. K. Ilclsci', Hcrriiiir. Ohio 3 O*") (•IIAMPIO.XS. Champion ram, any aue. K. D. Williamson, Xonia, Ohio 8 00 Champion cwo, any a.iii'. K. I>. ^^'i^i.•lnls(ln. Xcnia, Ohio 8 00 CLASS 44. CHEVIOT. r.AMs. Two years old or over, (A. ^^'. L'arnell, Wiugate, InJ $8 00 Second preminm. Ilngli V. Collins, Greencastle, Ind 4 00 Third premium, llu.uh F. Collins, Greencastle, Ind 2 00 One year old and under two, F. I>. Ilartman, Fiiieastle, Ind 5 00 Second premium, (t. W. Parnell, Wingate, Ind 3 00 Third preminm. Iluuh F. Collins, Greencastle, Ind 2 00 LamlJ, F. B. Hartman, Fincastle, Ind 5 00 Second premium, Hugh F. Collins, Greencastle, Ind 3 00 Third premium, Gl. AV. Parnell, Wingate, Ind 2 00 EWES. Two years old or ovvv. F. B. Ilartman, Fincastle, Ind 8 00 Second premium, Hugh F. Collins, Greencastle, Ind 4 00 Third premium, F. B. Ilartman, Fincastle, Ind 2 00 One year old and mider two, G. W. I'arnell, Wingate, Ind o (.M) Second premium, F. P>. Ilartman, Fincastle, Ind 3 00 Third prcMuinm. F. B. Hartnmn, Fincastle, Ind 2 00 I.anib, F. P.. Ilartman, Fincastle, Ind "t 00 Second premium, G. W. I'arnell, Wingate, Ind. 3 00 Third premium, Hugh F. Collins, Greencastle, Ind 2 00 FLOCKS. Exhibitor's flock, F. P.. Ilartman, Fincastle, Ind 5 00 Second premium, V. I*.. Ilartman. Fincastle, Ind 3 00 110 BOAKD OF AGRICULTUUE. SWINE. CLASS 45. BEIIKSIIIHE. (X. II. Goiitiy, Judge, Sedalia, Mo.) BOABS. Two years old or over, H. F. Waters, Dawson, 111 $12 00 tSeeoiul premium, G. Mitchell, Windfall, Ind S 00 Third premium, J. G. Yeager, Shell)yville, Ky 4 00 One year old and under two, Jas. Riley & Sou, Thorntown, liul. ... 10 00 Second premium, H. F. Waters, Dawson, 111 7 00 Third premium, G. xMitchell, Windfall, Ind 3 00 Six months old and under twelve, Jas. Riley & Son, ThorntoAvn, Ind 8 00 Second premium, H. F. Waters, Dawson, 111 5 00 Third premium, J. G. Yeager, Shelby ville, Ky 2 00 Under six months old, Chas. L. Barker, Thorntown, Ind 8 00 Second premium, Chas. L. Barker, Thorntown, Ind 5 00 Third premium, Chas. L. Barker, Thorntown, Ind 2 00 sows. Tavo years old or over, J. G. l''eager, Shelby ville, Ky 12 00 Second premium, H. ¥. Waters, Dawson, 111 8 00 Third premium, G. Mitchell, Windfall, Ind 4 00 One year old and under two, G. Mitchell, Windfall, Ind 10 00 Second premium, H. F. Waters, Dawson, 111 7 00 Third premium, Etzler & Moses, Convoy, Ohio 3 00 Six months old and under twelve, H. F. Waters, Dawson, 111 8 00 Second jireinium, H. F. AVaters, Dawson, 111 5 00 Third premium, H. F. Waters, Dawson, 111 2 00 Under six months old, Jas. Riley & Son, Thorntown. Ind 8 00 Second premium, I. N. Barker & Son, ThorntoAvn, Ind 5 00 Third premium, I. N. Barker & Son, Thorntown, Ind 2 00 HERDS. Boar and three sows over one year, H. F. Waters, Daw^soii, 111. .... . 20 00 Second premium, G. Mitchell, Windfall, Ind 10 00 Boar and three sows under one year, H. F. Waters, Dawson. 111. .. l.j 00 Second premium, Jas. Riley & Son, Thorntown, Ind 10 00 Five pigs under one year, the get of one boar or produce of one sow, Jas. Riley & Son, Thorntown, Ind 12 00 ANNUAL MEETING. Ill Second premium, I. N. Barker & Son, Thorntown, Ind 8 00 Five pigs under six months old, I. N. Earlier &, Son, Thorntown, Ind .* 12 00 Second premium, I. N. Barker & Son, Thorntown, Ind 8 00 Pair pigs under one year old, Jas. Riley & Son, Thorntown, Ind ... 12 00 Second premium, H. F. Waters, Dawson, 111 8 00 CHAMPIONS. Champion boar, any age, Jas. Riley & Son, Thorntown, Ind 20 00 Champion soav, any age, G. Mitchell, Windfall, Ind 20 00 CLASS 4G. POLAND CHINA. (Ed. Kiever, Judge, Bloomingburg, Ohio.) BOAES. Two years old or over, M. B. Graham, Remington, Ind $12 00 Second premium, J. C. Greer, Martinsville, Ind 8 00 Third premium, Lindley & Butler, Russiaville, Ind. 4 00 One j'ear old and under two, S. D. Ghere, New Augusta, Ind 10 00 Second premium, Liudley & Butler, Russiaville, Ind 7 00 Third premium, Wm. G. Hartman, Southport, Ind 3 00 Six months old and under twelve, Castlemau tfe Shipley, Burkett, Ind 8 00 Second premium. Jack & Son, Judson, Ind 5 00 Third premium, Jack & Son, Judson, Ind 2 00 Under six months, Harcourt & Johnson, New Augusta, Ind 8 00 Second premium, Enos Tolbert, Lagro, Ind 5 00 Third premium. Lock & Wellington, Remington, Ind 2 00 sows. Two years old or over, J. R. Harrod, Hope, Ind 12 00 Second premium, S. D. Ghere, New Augusta, Ind 8 00 Third premium, Liudley & Butler, Russiaville, Ind 4 00 One year old and under two. Lock & Wellington, Remington. Ind. . 10 00 Second premium, Lock & Wellington, Remington, Imi 7 00 Third premium, J. W. Williams & Sous, Briant, Ind 3 00 Six months old and under twelve, J. W. Williams & Son, Briant, Ind 8 00 Second premium, Smitii & Harmon, Rensselaer, Ind 5 00 Third premium, r.ucian Arl)uckle, Hope, Ind 2 00 Under six months, Lucian Arbuckle, Hope, Ind 8 00 112 BOARD OF AORICUI/rURli:. IIICRDS. Boar and throo sows over oiic yen- old. .1. W. \\i!li;iins iV Sons, liriant, Ind 2(i (to Second preniiuni, Lindlcy t^ Hutlcr. lCussi:i\ illr, liid 10 UO Boar and. three sows under one year (»ld, .lack & Son, .Indson, Ind. . 15 (X) Second premium, Enos Tolbert, Layro, Ind 10 00 Five pigi^ under one year, tiie }iv\ of one lioar or inodnce nl' one sow, Enos Tolhert, La;;ro, Ind 12 UO Second premium, Loclv & Wellington, Remington, Ind 8 00 Five pigs under six mouths old, Enos Tolbert, Lagro. Ind I'J 00 Second premium, Lock iV Wellington, Ki'inington. Ind S 00 I'air pigs under one year old, Ilarcourt iV: Johnson, New Augusta, Ind 12 0(1 Second iireniinin, Enos 'roll)ert, Lngro, Ind S oo CHAMPIOXS. Champion boar, any age, M. B. Graham, Kemington, Ind l20 (MJ Champion sow, any age. Lock & Wellington, Remington. Ind I'O 00 CLASS 47. CHESTER WHITE AND CHESHIRE. (Allen r.eeler, Judge, Indiaiiaitolis. Ind.j BOARS. Two years old or over, Gibson & Reed, Muncie, Ind .$12 00 Second premium. Elmer Russell, Carmel, Ind 8 00 Third premium, Giljson & Reed, IMuncie, Ind 4 00 One year old and under two, F. Y. & J. J. Hardin, Lima, Ohio 10 00 Second premium, Hinshaw Bros., Zionsville, Ind 7 00 Third premium, Gil)Son & Reed, Muncie, Ind 3 00 Six months old and under twelve, F. V. & J. J. Hardin, Lima, Ohio 8 00 Second premium, Hinshaw Bros., Zionsville, Ind 5 00 Third premium. W. W. Milner & Sou, Thorntown. Ind 2 00 Under six months, Hinshaw Bros., Zionsville, Ind 8 00 Second premium, Gibson & Reed, Muncie, Ind 5 00 Third premium, H. 'SI. Smith, Hall, Ind 2 00 T SOWS. Two years old or over, F. Y. & J. J. Hardin, Lima, Ohio 12 00 Second premium, Gibson & Reed, Muncie. Ind 8 00 Third premium, F. Y. & J. J. Hardin, Lima, Ohio 4 00 One year old and under two, F. Y. & J. J. Hardin, Lima, Ohio 10 00 Second premium, F. \. & J. J. Hardin, Lima, Ohio 7 00 ANNtJAL MEETING. 113 Thli-'d premium, Gihsou & Reed, Muucie, lud 3 00 ►Six moutlis old and niidor twelve, Gibson & Reed, Muiu-ic. Iiid.... 8 00 Second premium, F. V. «fc J. .1. IL-irdiii, Lima. Ohio 5 00 Under six mouths, H. M. Smith, Hall, lud 8 00 Second premium, W. W. Miluer & Sou, Thorntowu, lud 5 00 Third premium, W. W. Miluer & Sou, Thorutown, lud 2 00 IIKKDS. Hoar aud three sows over one year. F. V. iK: J. J. Ilardiu, Lima. Uhio 20 00 Second premium, Gibson &. Reed, -Muucie. lud 10 00 Boar and three sows under one year. F. ^■. vVc J. .1. Hardin, Lima, Ohio 1-J 00 Second premium, Hinshaw Bros., Zionsville, lud 10 (Ki Five pigs under one year, the get of oue boar or produce of oue sow, F. V. & J. J. Hardin, Lima, Ohio 12 00 Second premium, H. M. Smith, Hall. Ind 8 00 Five pigs under six months old, H. M. Smith. Hall, lud 12 00 Second premium, W. AV. Miluer & Son, Thorutown, Ind 8 00 Pair pigs under one year old, F. V. & J. J. Hardin, Lima, Ohio. ... 12 00 Second premium, H. M. Smith, Hall Ind 8 00 CHAMPIOXS. Champion boar, any ago, F. V. «fc J. J. Hardin, Lima. Ohio 20 0(i Champion sow, any age, Gibson & Reed, Muucie, lud ., 20 00 CLASS 48. DUROC-JFRSEY, TAMWORTH AND THIN RIXD. (W. A. Pearson, Judge, Thorutown. lud.) BOARS. Two years old or over. Watt & Foust, Xeuia, Ohio $12 00 Second premium, W. A. Cravens, Crawfordsville, lud 8 (M) Third premium, Werth SMALL VOUlv- SIIIUE. {\y. A. I'carsuii, .Iiu1.l;(', 'I'lioiiihiw ii, liid.j BOAKS. Two years uld or over, (ioo. Iiieehen, BriaiiL liuL .' $o (HJ One year old and under tAvo, Geo. Inechen, liriant, Iiid 4 00 Six months old and uiuler twelve, (Jeo. Iiiechen, Hriaiit, Iiid 3 00 Second preniinni, W. E. Uotkhiil, Etna (ireen, Ind 2 00 Boar under six months, W. E. lioeldiill, Etna Green, Ind o 00 Second premium, W. E. Koclvhill, Etna (ireen, Ind 2 00 sows. Two years old or over. W. E. Uockliill. Etna Green, Ind o 00 Second premium, Geo. Inechen, Briant, Ind o 00 One year old and un(h'r two, Geo. Inechen, Bi-ianf, Ind 4 00 Second premium, Geo. Inechen, Briant, Ind 2 00 Six months old and under twelve, W. E. Rockliill, Etna Green, Ind. o 00 Second premium, W. E. Kockhill, Etna Green, Ind 2 00 Under six months, AV. E. Kockhill, Etna Green, Ind 3 00 Second premium, ^^'. E. Unckhill. Etna Green, Ind 2 00 HERDS. Boar and three sows over one year old, Geo. Inechen, Briant, lud. . 5 00 Boar and three sows under one year old, W. E. Kockhill, Etna Green, Ind 5 00 Second premium, Geo. Inechen, Briant, Ind 3 00 Five pigs under one year, the get of one Ijoar or produce of one now, W. E. KockJiill, Etna Green, Ind 4 00 Second premium, Geo. Inechen, Briant, Ind 2 00 Five pigs under six months old, W. E. Kockhill, Etna Green, Ind. . 4 00 Second premium, Geo. Inechen, Briant, Ind 2 00 POULTRY. CLASS 52. MEDITERRANEAN. (T. II. r.iick, Wesley Lanius, Thco. Hewes, Ben S. Myers, E. S. Cum- niings. It. !•:. .Tones, C. A. Snyder, Judges.) Black Minorca cock, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 $2 00 Second premium, John Stiue &; Co., Edinburg, Ind , . 1 00 ANNUAL ISIEEtlNGl. Il7 Third pronliuiu, A. M. Atra, Builiuglon, Ky t-ibboii Hhick Minorca hen, John Stiue & Co., Ediuburj,', liid 3 00 iSecond preiulum, A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky 2 00 Tliii-d preniiuln, Coiuinbin Poultry Park, Indianapobs, Iiid........ 1 0(j Black Minorca cockorcl, T. N. Smiley, Milligau, Ind '2 W Second premium, T. N. Smiley, Milligan, Ind 1 00 I'hird premium, T. N. Smiley, MilUgan, Ind lilack Minorca pullet, T. N. Siililey, Milligan, Ind 2 00 Second premium, S." T. Cami)bell, Mansfield, Ohio ; . ; . , , 1 00 Third premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 ; . ; Black Minorca pen, John Stiue «fe Co., Edinburg, Ind 3 OO Second premium. T. N. Smiley, Milligan, Ind 2 00 Third premium, Bertie Doty. Charleston, 111 White Minorca cock, Jas. E. Harlow, Atlanta, Ind o 00 Second premium, Columbia I'oultry Park, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Third premium, Columbia Poultry Park, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00 White Minorca hen, Jas. E. Harlow, Atlanta, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Jas. E. Harlow, Atlanta, Ind 2 00 Third premium, Columbia Poultry Park, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00 White Minorca cockerel, Jas. E. Ha"rlow, Atlanta, Ind 1 00 Second premium, Jas. E. Harlow, Atlanta, Ind 50 Third premium, J. H. Evan, Greenfield, Ind White Minorca pullet, Jas. E. Harlow, Atlanta, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Jas. E. Harlow, Atlanta, Ind : 2 00 Third premium, J. H. Evan, Greenfield, Ind 1 00 White Minorca pen, Jas. E. Harlow, Atlanta, Ind 5 00 Second premium, Columbia Poultry Park, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 Third premium, J. H. Evan, Greenfield, Ind 2 00 Blue Andalusian cock, John Stine & Co., Edinburg, Ind ribbon Blue Andalusian hen, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 1 (K) Second premium, John Stine & Co., Edinburg, Ind 50, Third premium, John Stine & Co., Edinburg, Ind Blue Andalusian cockerel, John Stiue & Co., Edinburg, Ind 50 Second premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 Blue Andalusian pullet, John Stine & Co., Edinburg, Ind 1 00 Second premium, John Stine & Co., Edinburg, Ind 50 Third premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 Blue Andalusian pen, John Stine & Co., Ediidjurg, Ind ribbon Black Spanish cock, J. S. Smiley & Son, Milligan, Ind 2 00 Second premium, John Stine & Co., Edinburg, Ind 1 GO Third premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 Black Spanish hen, J. S. Smiley & Son. INIilligan, Ind 3 00 Second premium, J. S. Smiley tV: Son, Milligan, Ind 2 00 Third premium, J. A. Hornung & Sons, Shelby ville, Ind 1 00 Black Spanish cockerel, J. A. Hornung &;, Sons, Shelby villo, Ind 2 oa 118 BOARD OF AGRICUl-TUKK. Second premium, J. II. Evan, Greenfield, Ind 1 00 Third premium, J. A. Hornung, Shell)yville, Ind lilaclv Spanisli pullet, J. A. IIoniuuK & Sons, Sliolltyvillo, Ind 2 00 Second pit'niiuni, J. A. Hornuny »fc Sons, Shelby ville, Ind 1 00 Third premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111.- Black Spanish pen, J. A. Hornung, Shelby ville, Ind 5 00 Second ]ircinium, J. S. Smiley «& Son, ]\Iillij::an, Ind 3 00 Third premium, John Stine & Co., Edinburg, Ind 2 00 POLISH. White-crested l)laclv; cock, Chas. McClave, West London, Ohio 2 00 Second premium, Louis Seidensticker & Son, Brightwood, Ind 1 00 Third premium, T. N. Smiley, Milligan, Ind White-crested black hen, J. A. Hornung & Sons, Shelbyville, Ind. .. 3 00 Second premium, J. A. Hornung & Sons, Shelbyville, Ind 2 00 Third premium, Chas. INIcClave, West London, Ohio 1 00 White-crested black cockerel, J. A. Hornung «fc Sons, Shelbyville, Ind 2 00 Second premium, A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky 1 00 Third premium, A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky White-crested black pullet, J. A. Hornung «fc Sons, Slielbyville, Ind. 3 00 Second premium, A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky 2 00 Third premium, A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky 1 00 White-crested black pen, J. A. Hornung & Sons, Shelbyville, Ind... 3 00 Second premium, A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky 2 00 Third premium, T. N. Smiley, Milligan, Ind Silver-bearded cock, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 1 00 Second premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 50 Third premium, John Stine & Co., Edinburg, Ind Silver-bearded hen, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 2 0 Wiiite IMyniouth Kock cock, U. R. Fishcl, Hope, Ind 3 (R» Second premium, U. K. Fishel, Hope, Ind 2 00 Third premium, U. R. Fishel, Hope, Ind 1 00 White Plymouth Rock hen, U. R. Fishel, Hope, Ind 3 00 Second premium, U. R. Fishel, Hope, Ind 2 00 Tliird jsremium, U. R. Fishel, Hope, Ind 1 00 White I'lymouth Rock cockerel, U. R. Fishel, Hope, Ind 3 00 Second premium, U. R. Fishel, Hope, Ind 2 00 Third premium, .U. R. Fishel, Hope, Ind 1 00 White I'lymouth Rock pullet, U. R. Fishel, Hope, Ind 3 00 Second premium, U. R. Fishel, Hope, Ind 2 00 Third premium, Chas. Wolford, Milton, Ind 1 00 White Plymouth Rock pen, U. R. Fishel, Hope, Ind 5 00 Second Premium, U. R. Fishel, Hope, Ind 3 00 Third premium, U. R. Fishel, Hope, Ind , 2 00 Buff Plymouth Rock cock. Reed & McKindley, McDonald, Pa 3 00 Second premium, E. C. Allison, Hope, Ind 2 00 Third premium, Wm. R. Paetzel, Hope, Ind 1 00 Buff Plymouth Rock hen, Wm. R. Paetzel, Hope, Ind 3 00 Second premium, E. C. Allison, Hope, Ind 2 00 Third premium, R. D. Bratton, New Ross, Ind 1 00 Buff Plymouth Rock cockerel, E. C. Allison, Hope, Ind 3 00 Second premium, E. C. Allison, Hope, Ind 2 00 Third premium, E. C. Allison, Hope, Ind 1 00 Buff Plymouth Rock pullet, E. C. Allison, Hope, Ind 3 00 Second premium, R. L. Bratton, New Ross, Ind 2 00 Third premium, R. L. Bratton, New Ross, Ind 1 00 Buff Plymouth Rock pen, E. C. Allison, Hope, Ind 5 00 Second premium, R. L. Bratton, New Ross, Ind 3 00 Third premium, AVm. R. Paetzel, Hope, Ind 1 00 Silver Wyandotte cock, W. C. Brookovor, Carlwick, Ohio 3 00 Second premium, R. E. Jones, Edinburg, Ind 2 00 Third premium, John Stine «fc Co., Edinburg, Ind 1 00 Silver AVyandotte hen, T. E. Orr, Beaver, Pa 3 00 Second premium, T. E. Orr, Beaver, Pa 2 00 Third premium, W.^ C. Brookover, Carlwick, Ohio 1 00 Silver AVyandotte cockerel, John fttine & Co., Edinburg, Ind 3 00 Second premium, R. E. Jones, Edinburg, Ind 2 00 Third premium, Henry Steinmerch, St. Louis, Mo 1 00 Silver AVyandotte pullet, H. G. Fish, A^igil, Ohio 3 00 Second premium, Henry Steinmerch, St. Louis, Mo 2 00 AimtJAL MEETING. 1^5 Third piviuiuin. ll. (L Fish, Vi.uil, .Ohio 1 (tU Silver Wyandotte pen, T. E. Oit, Beaver, i'a 5 00 Second preminm, John Stine & Co., Ediuburg, Ind 3 00 Third premium, W. C. Brookover, Carhvick, Ohio 2 00 tiohlen Wyandotte cock, Chas. McChive, West I.ondon, Oliio o 00 Second premium, H. A. Danner, Franklin, Ind 2 00 Third premium, R. E. Jones, Edinburg, Ind 1 00 Golden Wyandotte hen, R. E. Jones, Edinburg, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Chas. McClave, West London, Ohio 2 00 Third premium, Chas. McClave, West London, Ohio ^ 1 00 Golden Wyandotte cockerel, Chas. McClave, West London, Ohio. ... 3 00 Second premium, R. E. Jones, Eldinburg, Ind 2 00 Third premium. II. A. Banner, Franklin, Ind 1 00 Golden Wyandotte pulht, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 3 00 Second premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 2 00 Third premium, R. E. Jones, I^dinburg, Ind 1 00 Golden Wyandotte pen, Chas. McClave, West London, Oliio 5 (X) Second premium, R. E. Jones, Edinburg. Ind 3 00 Third premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 2 00 White Wyandotte cock, J. C. Fishel & Son, Hope, Ind. 3 00 Second premium, Armstrong Bros., Moral, Ind 2 00 Third premium, Armstrong Bros., Moral, Ind 1 00 Wliite Wyandotte hen, Armstrong Bros., Moral. Ind 3 00 Second premium, T. E. Orr, Beaver, Pa 2 00 Third premium, T. E. Orr. Beaver, Ta 1 00 White Wyandotte cockerel, J. C. Fishel & Son, Hope, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Clement & Fike, Prairie View, 111 2 00 Third premium. J. O. Fishel & Son, Hope, Ind 1 00 White Wyandotte pullet. J. C. Fishel & Son, Hope, Ind 3 00 Second premium. J. C. Fishel «& Son, Hope, Ind 2 00 Third premium, J. C. Fishel & Son, Hope, Ind 1 00 White Wyandotte pen, J. C. Fishel & Son, Hope, Ind 5 00 Second premium, Armstrong Bros., Moral, Ind 3 00 Third premium, T. E. Orr, Beaver, Pa 2 00 Buff Wyandotte cock, Chas. J. Buchanan, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 Second premium, J. A. Hornung & Son, Shelbyville, Ind 2 oo Tlnrd premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 1 oo Buff Wyandotte hen, S. B. Lane, Spiceland, Ind 3 00 Second prenuum, S. B. Lane, Spiceland, Ind 2 00 Third premium, S. B. Lane, Spiceland, Ind 1 00 Buff Wyandotte cockerel, Wm. Rossman, Columbia ("ity. Ind 3 00 Second prenuum, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 2 00 Third prenuum, S. B. Lane, Si>iceland, Ind 1 00 ItiOT Wyandotte pullet. Win. Rossman. Columbia (.'ity, Ind 3 00 Second prenuum. Wm. Rossman, Cohunlda City, Ind 2 00 126 BOARD OP AGIUCULTUKE. Third premium, Wm. liossman, Columbia City, Ind 1 00 LJutr WyaiidoUo pen, S. B. Laue, Spieeland, lud it 00 Second premium, Wm. Rossmau, Columbia City, lud 3 00 Third premium, S. B. Lane, Spiceland, Ind 2 00 Silver-penciled Wyandotte cock, Carver & Avery, Columbia, City, Ind 1 00 Second premium. Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind 50 Third premium, Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind Silver-penciled hen. Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind 50 Second premium. Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind Third premium. Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind Silver-penciled Wyandotte cockerel. Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind 1 0(J Second premium, Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind 50 Third premium. Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind Silver-penciled pullet. Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Carver & Avei-y, Columbia City, Ind 2 00 Third premium. Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind 1 00 Silver-penciled Wyandotte pen, Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind 1 00 Second premium. Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind Partridge Wyandotte cock, Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind. ... 2 00 Second premium, Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind 1 00 Third premium. Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind Partridge Wyandotte hen, Carver & Avery, Columbia City, lud. ... 3 00 Second premium, Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind 2 00 Third premium, R. E. Jones, Edinburg, Ind 1 00 Partridge Wyandotte cockerel. Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind. 3 W Second premium, Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind 2 00 Third pi'eniium, Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind 1 00 I'artridge Wyandotte pullet. Carver it Avery, Columbia City, Ind.. 3 00 Second premium. Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind 2 00 Third premium, CarA-er «& Avery, Columbia City, Ind 1 00 Partridge AVyandotte pen. Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind. ... 5 00 Second premium, Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind 3 00 Third pi-emium, R. E. Jones, Edinburg, Ind 2 00 Buff Orpington cock, John Stine & Co., Edinburg, Ind 2 00 Second premium, Carver & Avery, Columbia City, Ind 1 00 Third premium, John Stine & Co., Edinburg, Ind BufiE Orpington hen, C. S. Byers, Hazelrigg, Ind 3 00 Second premium, C. S. Byers, Hazelrigg, Ind 2 00 Third premium, T. E. Orr, Beaver, Pa 1 00 Buff Orpington cockerel, T. E. Orr, Beaver, Pa 50 'Second premium, T. E. OiT, Beaver, Pa Third premium, T. E. Orr, Beaver, Pa ANNUAL MEETING. 127 Buff Orpington pullet, T. E. Orr, Beaver, Ta 2 00 Second premium, T. E. Orr, Beaver, Pa 1 00 Third premium, T. E. Orr, Beaver, Pa Buff Orpington i)en, T. E. Orr, Beaver, Pa 5 00 Second premium, C. S. Byers, Hazelrigg, Ind 3 00 Third premium, John Stine & Co., Edinburg, Ind 2 00 White Orpington pullet, Huddleston I'oultry Farm, Winamac, Ind. 50 Second premium, Huddleston Poultry Farm, Winamac, Ind Rhode Island Red cock, .1. C. Zlmmer & Son, Ft. Wayne, Ind 2 00 Second premium, J. C. Zimmer & Son, Ft. Wayne, Ind 1 00 Third premium, J. C. Zimmer & Son, Ft. Wayne, Ind Rhode Island Red hen, J. C. Zimmer & Son, Ft. AVayne, Ind 2 00 Second premium, J. C. Zimmer & Son, Ft. Wayne, Ind 1 00 Third premium, J. C. Zimmer «fc Son, Ft. Wayne. Ind Rhode Island Red cockerel, J. C. Zimmer »& Son, Ft. Wayne, Ind. .. 2 00 Second premium. J. C. Zimmer & Son, Ft. Wayne. Ind 1 00 Third premium, .1. C. Zimmer & Son, Ft. Wayne, Ind Rhode Island Red pullet, J. C. Zimmer & Son, Ft. Wayne, Ind 3 00 Second premium, J. C. Zimmer & Son, Ft. Wayne, Ind 2 00 Third premium, .1. C. Zimmer & Son. Ft. Wayne. Ind 1 00 Rhode Island Red pen, J. C. Zimmer & Son, P^t. Wayne, Ind 3 UO Second premium, .1. C. Zimmer & Son, Ft. Wayne, Ind 2 00 Third premium, J. C. Zimmer »fc Son, Ft. Wayne, Ind ASIATIC. Light Brahma cock, P'rank P. Johnson, Howlands, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Frank B. Johnson, Howlands, Ind 2 00 Third premium, Frank P. Johnson. Howlands. Ind 1 00 Light Brahma hen, Frank P. Johnson, Howlands, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Frank P. Johnson, Howlands, Ind 2 00 Third premium, I. X. Barker & Son, Thorntowu, Ind 1 00 Liglit P.raluna cockerel, Frank P. Johnson, Howlands, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Frank P. Johnson. Howlands, Ind 2 00 Third premium, Frank P. Jolinson, Howlands, Ind 1 00 Light Brahma pullet, Frank V. Johnson, Howlands, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Frank I'. Johnson, Howlands, Ind 2 00 Third prcinium. 1. X. Barker & Son, Thorntowu, Ind 1 00 Light liraiinia pen. Frank P. Johnson, Howlands, Ind 5 00 Second premium. Frank P. John.son, Howlands, Ind 3 00 Third premium, I. X. Barker & Son, Thorntowu, Ind 2 00 Diirk Bralinia cock, J. H. Evan, (Jreeiitield, Ind 2 00 Si'cond premium, Bertie Doty, (Miarleston, 111 1 00 Third premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 Dark Brahma hen. J. H. Evan, Greenfield, Ind 2 00 Second premium, J. IJ. Evan, Greenfield, Ind J 00 128 BOAIM) (»K AGRICULTURE. Third itroiiiiuni, Uoi-llo Doty, Charh'sluii, HI Dark Brahma cockerel, .7. H. Evan, Greonfiehl. liul 1 00 Secoud premium, Chas. Me* 'lave, West I-iiiidoii, Ohio Dark I'.rahma pullet.Clias. McClave. AVest London, Ohio 2 00 Second premium, J. II. Evan, Grei'nlleki, Ind 1 00 Third premium, M. H. Phares, Shelby ville, -Ind Dark Brahma pen, J. H. Evan, Greeutield, Iiid 3 00 Second prennuni, Warbritton Bios., Ladoi;a, Iiid 2 00 Third premium, Warbritton Bros., I>adoga, Ind GAMES. Black-breasted Red cock, Wesley Lanius, Greensbur.i,', Ind 1 00 Second premium, Weslej' Lanius, Greensburj;, Ind 50 Third premium, Warbritton Bros., Ladoga, Ind Black-breasted Red hen, Wesley Lanius, Greensburg Ind 1 00 Second premium, Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 50 Third premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston. Ill Black-breasted Red cockerel, Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 1 00 Second premium, Wesley Laniiis, Greensburg. Ind 50 Third premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 Black-breasted Red pullet, Wesley Lanius, Greensburg. Ind 1 00 Second premium, Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 50 Third premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 Black-breasted Red pen, Wesley Lanius, Greensburg. Iiid 1 00 Second premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 Pit Game cock, Wesley Lanius, Greensl)urg, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Philip Unger, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Third premium, A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky 1 0(J Pit Game hen, A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky 3 00 Second premium, Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 2 00 Third premium, A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky 1 00 Pit Game cockerel, Philip Unger, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Mrs. H. P. Clark, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Third premium, A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky 1 00 Pit Game pullet, Phillip Unger, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 Second premium, AVesley Lanius, Greensburg. Ind 2 00 Third premium, Phillip Unger, Indianapolis. Ind 1 00 Pit Game pen, Wesley Lanius, Greensl)urg, Ind 5 00 Second premium, Phillip Unger, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 Third premium, A. M. Acra, Burlington, Ky 2 00 Cornish Indian cock, Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Columbia Poultry Park. Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Third premium, John White, Elwood. Ind 1 00 Cornish Indian hen, Chas. McClave, AVest I^ondon, Ohio 3 00 Second premium, AVesley Lanius, Greensl)urg; Ind 2 00 ANNUAL MEETING. 129 Third premium, H. A. Dauuer, Franldiu, lutl 1 00 Cornish Indian cocl^erel, Wesley Lanius, Greeusburg, Ind 2 00 Second premium, J. H. Evan, Greenfield, Ind 1 00 Third premium, J. A. Hornuug «& Son, Shelby ville, Ind Cornish Indian pullet, Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 2 00 Second premium, J. A. Hornung &, Son, Shelby ville, Ind 1 00 Third premium, Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind Cornish Indian pen, Wesley Lanius, Greeusburg, Ind 5 00 Second premium, Columbia Poultry Park, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 Third premium, John White, Elwood, Ind 2 00 GAME BA>'TAiIS. Black-breasted Red cock, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 2 00 Second premium, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 1 00 Third premium, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 Black-breasted Red hen, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 3 00 Second premium, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 2 00 Third premium, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 1 00 Black-breasted Red cockerel, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111/. 3 00 Second premium, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 2 00 Third premium, T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 1 00 Black-breasted Red pullet, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 8 00 Second premium, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 2 00 Third premium, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 1 00 Black-breasted Red pen, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 5 00 Second premium, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 3 00 Third premium, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 2 00 Silver Duckwing cock, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111; 2 00 Second premium, M. H. Phares, Shelby ville, Ind 1 00 R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 Silver Duckwing hen, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 2 00 Second premium, J. A. Hornung & Son, Shelby ville, Ind 1 00 Third premium, M. H. Phares, Shelbyville, Ind Silver Duckwing cockerel, R. R. Voris, Peoria. Ill 2 00 Second premium, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 1 00 Third premium, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 Silver Duckwing pullet, R. R. Voris, Peoria. Ill 2 00 Second premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 1 00 Third premium, M. H. Phares, Shelljy ville, Ind Silver Duckwing pen, M. H. Phares, Shelbyville, Ind Red Pyle cock, R. R. Voris. Peoria, 11! 3 00 Second premium, T. M, Campbell, Darlington, Ind 2 00 Third premium, R. R. Voris, Peoria. Ill 1 00 Red Pyle hen, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 3 00 Second premium, T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 2 00 9-Agri. 'I' 130 BOARD OF AGKICULTUKE. Third in-euiiuui, J. A. lloruung & Sons, Slielbyvilk", lud 1 U(» Red I'yle cockerel, II. K. Voris, Peoria, 111 2 UO Secoud premium, R, R. Voris, Peoria, 111 1 00 Third premium, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 Red Pyle pullet, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 3 00 Secoud premium, T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 2 00 Third premium, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111.-. 1 00 Red Pyle pen, R. R. A' oris, Peoria, 111 5 00 Second premium, R. R. Voris, Peoria, 111 3 00 Third premium, T. M. Campbell, Darliugtou, Ind 2 00 Brown Red Game cock, Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 50 Brown Red Game hen, Wesley Lanius, Greensbug, Ind 50 Second premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 Brown Red Game pullet, Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 1 00 Second premium, Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind 50 Third premium, Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind Brown Red Game pen, Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind Red Pyle Game Standard hen, Bertie Dotj', Charleston, 111 50 Second premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 Red Pyle Game Standard cockerel, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111. .. . 1 00 Second premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 50 Red Pyle Game Standard pullet, Wesley Lanius, Greensburg, Ind. . 1 00 Second premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 50 Red Pyle Game Standard pen, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 BANTAMS OTHER THAN GAME. Golden Seabrighc cock, T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 2 00 Second premium, T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind. 1 00 Golden Seabright hen, L. H. Seidensticker & Son, Brightwood, Ind. 3 00 Second premium, L. II. Seidensticker & Son, Brightwood, Ind 2 00 Third premium, T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 1 00 Golden Seabright cockerel, T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 1 00 Second premium, T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 50 Third premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 Golden Seabright pullet, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 2 00 Second premium, T. M. Campbell, Darlington. Ind 1 00 Third premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 Golden Seabright pen, T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 2 00 Third premium, T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind Silver Seabright cock, Bertie Doty, Charleston, 111 2 00 Second premium, L. H. Seidensticker & Son, Brightwood, Ind 1 00 Silver Seabright hen, T. M. Campbell. Darlington, Ind 3 00 Second premium, John Stine & Co., Edinburg, Ind 2 00 Third premium, .John Sline & Co., Edinburg, Ind 1 00 ANNUAL MEETING. 131 Silver Seabrigbt cockerel, Bertie Doty, Cliarlestou, 111 2 00 Second premium, Bertie Uoty, Charleston, 111 1 00 Third premium, T. M. Campbell, Darlington, lud Silver Seabrigbt pullet, John Stino tS: Co., Edinburg. Ind 3 00 Second premium, John Stine & Co., Edinburg, Ind 2 00 Third premium, T. 'SI. Campbell, Darlington, lud 1 00 Silver Seabrigbt peu, T. M. Campbell, Darlington, lud 5 00 Second premium, John Stine &. Co., Edinburg, lud o 00 Third premium, L. II. SeideusticUer & Son, Brightwuod, Ind 2 00 R. C. B. Afuican cock, Chas. McClave, West London, Ohio 2 00 Second premium, Chas. McClave, West London, Ohio 1 00 Third premium, T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind R. C. B. African hen, Chas. McClave, West Loudon, Ohio 2 00 Second premium, Chas. McClave, West London, Ohio 1 00 Thii'd premium, T. M. Campbell, Darliugton, Ind R. C. B. African cockerel, Chas. McClave, West Loudon, Ohio 1 OO Second premium, T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 1 00 Third premium, T. M. Campbell, Darliugton, Ind R. C. B. African pullet, T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Chas. McClave, West London, Ohio 2 00 Third premium, Chas. McClave, West Loudon, Ohio R. C. B. African pen, Chas. McClave, West Loudon, Ohio 3 00 Second premium, T. M. Campbell, Darlington, Ind 2 00 Third premium, Bertie Dot3% Charleston, 111 Buff Cochin cock, Clair F. .Johnson, Rushville, lud 3 00 Second premium, S. B. Lane, Spiceland, Ind 2 00 Third premium, S. B. Lane, Spiceland, lud 1 00 Buff Cochin hen, S. B. Lane, Spiceland, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Clair F. Johnson, Rushville, Ind 2 00 Third premium, S. B. Lane, Spiceland, Ind 1 00 Buff Cochin cockerel, Clair F. Johnson, Rushville, Ind 3 0(i Second premium, Frank R. Hale, Shelby ville, lud 2 00 Third premium, Clair F. Johnson, Rushville, Ind 1 00 Buff Cochin pullet, Frank R. Halo, Shclbyville. Ind ' 3 00 Second premium, Clair F. Johnson, Rushville. lud 2 00 Third premium, Frank R. Hale, Shclbyville, Ind 1 00 Buff Cochin pen, Clair F. Johnson, Rushville, Ind ."> () Second preniinni, W. H. Vance, Springport, Ind 1 0(> Plate Antnuin Strawberry, Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 50 Second i)renii>nn. Lagrange Co. A. & II. Society, Topeka, Ind 1 (X) Plate ^Iclntosh Red, W. H. Vance, Springport, Ind 1 50 Plate largest, any kind, Jas. M. Ziou, Clark's Hill, Ind 1 50 Second premium, Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 1 00 Plate Shcnango. Evan Sv.'ift. Fiankiin. Ind 1 50 Second premium, W. II. A'ance, Springport, Ind 1 00 Plate Arkansas Black, Jas. M. Ziou, Clark's Hill, Ind 1 50 Plate Plumb's Cider, W. H. Vance, Springport, Ind 1 50 Second premium, J. .1. Vance, Springport, Ind 1 0end, Ind 1 00 Plate Missouri Mammoth, Jas. M. Zion, Clark's Hill, Ind 1 50 PLUMS. Best collection native plums, Jas. M. Zion, Clerk's Hill, Ind li 00 Plate native plums, Jas. M. Zion, Clark's Hill, Ind 1 50 Second premium, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 00 Plate European plums, J. J. Vance, Springport, Ind 1 50 Second premium, W. B. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 1 00 GRAPES— GROAVN IN OPEN AIK. Six varieties for family use, C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 3 00 Six varieties for market, C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 3 00 Five clusters, any kind, C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 2 00 Second premium, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 00 Best collection grown by exhibitor, C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind. 10 00 SINGLE PLATES. Plate Worden, W. B. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 1 50 Second premium, C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00 Plate Concord, W. B. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 1 50 Second premium, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 00 Plate Wilder, C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50 Second premium, Sj^lvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 00 Plate Duchess, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Plate Brighton, C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50 Plate Salem, C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50 Second premium, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 00 Plate Lindley, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Plate Pocklington, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Second premium, C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00 Plate Niagara, C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind , 1 50 Second premium, Jennie H. Broke, Gallaudet, Ind 1 00 Plate Diamond, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Second premium, C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00 Plate McPike, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind I 5!) Plate Delaware, Jennie H. Droke, Gallaudet, Ind i 50 Second premium, C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00 Plate Agawan, C. P. Bradley. South Bend, Ind 1 50 Second premium, C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 00 Plate Catawaba, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Second premium, H. M. Stout, Trafalgar, Ind 1 00 Plate Ulster Prolific, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 ANNUAL MEETING. 147 I'late Moore's Ealy, C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Iiid 1 50 Secoud premium, Sylvester Johusou, Irviugtou, Ind 1 (X) Plate Ives, C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50 Secoud premium, C. P. Bradlej', South Bend, Ind 1 00 Plate Carman, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Plate Mills, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Plate Aminia, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Plate AVoodruff Red, Sjlvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Second premium, Jennie 11. Droke, Gallaudet, Ind 1 00 Plate Wyoming Red, Sj'lvester Johnson, Irviugtou, Ind 1 50 Plate Jonathan, Sj'lvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Plate Green Mountain, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington. Ind 1 50 Plate Empire State, C. P. Bradley, South Bend, Ind 1 50 Plate Campbell, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 00 Plate hot house gi'apes, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 00 Plate seedlings, not named, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 .")0 I'late Jefterson, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Plate Clinton, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Plate Brilliant, Sj'lvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Plate Prentiss, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Plate Lady Washingfon, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Plate Cottage, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Plate Hayes, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 Plate Isabella, Sylvester Johnson, Irvington, Ind 1 50 < MISCELLANEOUS. Plate persimmons, A. G. Chandlee, Chipley, Fla 1 00 Second premium, Mrs. D. E. Fuller, Dabauey, Ind 50 Plate pawpaws, H. M. Stout, Trafalgar, Ind 1 00 Second premium, Evan Swift, Franklin, Ind 50 Collection of native nuts, Mrs. D. E. Fuller, Dabanoy, Ind 1 00 CHAMPION. Best and most artistic display of fruits by any county society in Indiana, agricultural or horticultural, Evan Swift, Franklin. Ind .-,U 00 Second premium, St. Joseph Co. Hort. Society, South Bend, Ind... 40 IK) Third premium, Lagrange Co. A. & H. Society, Topeka, Ind 30 00 Third premium, :Mrs. D. E. Fuller, Dabaney, Ind 20 00 INDIVIDUAL SWEEPSTAKES. Be.st and most artistic display of fruits grown and exhiltlted by one iidividual in Indiana, W. B. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 25 00 Second premium, Reed & Fielding. Glen wood, Ind 15 00 148 BOAKU OF AGRICULTUKE. FLOWERS. CLASS 58. i'J.ANTS. (Goo. C. Stelhorn, Judge, liulinimiiolis. Iiul.) Ton palms, E. A. Wilson, Indianapolis, Ind $10 00 Twenty varii'j,'atod show plants, E. A. Wilson, Indianapolis, Ind... 10 00 Ten blooming begonias, E. A. Wilson, Indianapolis, Ind 6 00 Ten foliage begonias, Bauer & Smitli, Indianapolis, Ind 7 00 Second premium, E. A. Wilson, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00 Two vases filled, either iron, rustic or wire, E. A. Wilson, Indian- apolis, Ind 8 00 Two specimens Boston ferns. Bauer & Smith, Indianapolis. Ind.... 5 00 Second premium, E. A. Wilson, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 Best arrangement of show plants and fancy basket, E. A. Wilson, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00 SPECIAL. Displaj- and arrangement of show plants, E. A. \A'ilson, Indianap- olis, Ind 35 00 Second premium, Bauer & Smitli. Indianapolis, Ind 25 00 Two floral arrangements, .lolin Kieman, Indianapolis, Ind 25 00 Second premium, E. A. Wilson, Indianapolis, Ind 15 00 Two baskets, John Riemau, Indianapolis, Ind 15 00 Second premium, E. A. Wilson, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00 Collection cut roses, W. W. Coles, Kokomo, Ind 10 00 Second premium, E. A. WiLson, Indianapolis, Ind 6 00 Collection cut flowers, W. W. Coles, Kokomo, Ind 15 00 Second premium, E. A. Wilson, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00 Collection dahlias, W. AV. Coles, Kokomo, Ind 5 00 Second premium, John Rieman. Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 Collection cut gladioli, John Rieman, Indianapolis, Ind 15 00 Second premium, E. W. Wilson, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00 Third premium, E. A. Wilson. Indianapolis, Ind 5 00 Original show arrangement of flowers, John Rieman, Indianapolis, Ind 50 00 Second premium, E. A. Wilson. Indianapolis, Ind 35 00 Three bouquets, John Rieman. Indiaiiaiiolis, Ind 12 00 Second premium, W. W. ('oles, Kokomo, Ind 8 00 CLA^S .V.t. A.MATEUR. Collection begonias, Mary E. Sullivan, Indianapolis, Ind $4 00 Second premium, Mrs. Frank P. Johnson, Rowlands, Ind 2 00 ANNUAL MEETING. 149 Collection foliage plants, Marj- E. Sullivan, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Mrs. W. B. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 1 50 Collection trailing and climbing plants, Mrs. W. B. VVn-k, Lawrence, lud 3 00 Specimen calladium, Mrs. W. B. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 2 00 CUT FLOWEES. Collection geraniums, A. R. Edmunds, Indianapolis. Iiid 3 00 Second premium, Mrs. W. B. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 2 00 Collection cut flowers, A. K. Edmunds, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00 Second premium, Mrs. W. B. Flick, Lawrence, Ind 2 00 Collection verbenas, Mrs. W. B. Flick, Lawrence. Ind 3 00 Second premium, A. K. Edmunds, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Collection dahlias, A. R. Edmunds, Indianapolis, Ina 3 00 Second premium. Jennie H. Droke, Gallaudet, Ind 2 00 Collection gladiolus, A. R. Edmunds; Indianapolis. Ind 3 00 Second premium, Mrs. W. B. Flick, Lawrence. Ind 2 00 Collection cannas, A. R. Edmunds, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Mary E. Sullivan, Indianapolis. Ind 2 00 Twelve carnations. A. R. Edmunds. Indianapolis. Ind 3 00 Two bouquets of garden flowers, A. R. Edmunds. Indi.-inaiiolls. Ind. 4 00 Second premium, Mary E. Sullivan, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 CLASS 00. BEES AND HONEY. (Joseph C. Kinimcll. Judge, Llgonier. Ind.) Best display of bees, honey, apiary products, supplies and ajipll- anees. Ceo. M. Rumler, Mcdiawk,' Ind .$25 00 Second premium, (Jeo. M. Rumler, .Mohawk, Ind 15 00 Third pnniiuin. ('. M. Scott ^: Co.. Indianapolis, Ind 10 00 CLASS GL TABLE LUXURIES. (Mrs. S. W. Dungan, Judge, Franklin, liid.i Ilunie-made chee.se, Mrs. X. A. Furd. Indianapolis, Ind .$1 .50 Second premium, Maude Bryson. Indianapolis, Ind 75 Fancy cheese. Mrs. J. B. Powers, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50 Sc('nnd iiremium. Mis. X. A. Ford. Indlanai)olis. Ind 75 .M;il)le syiup. in most marketable shape, .k-nnle II. Drokf, (Jallaudet. Ind 2 a) Second premium, Geo. M. Rumler, Mohawk, Ind 1 00 Mapli> sugar, Mrs. J. B. Powers, Tndl;in,iiiolls, Inn and ink sketch, Winifred Austin, CraAvfordsville, Ind. 4 00 Second premium, Miss F. II. Frank, Des Moines, la 2 00 Drawing, mechanical. Miss F. H. Frank, Des Moines, la 2 00 Second premium, L. L. Ingraham, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00 Display, Avater colors, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, 111 4 00 Second premium. Miss F. H. Frank, Des Moines, la 2 00 Best display of pastels, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, 111 4 00 Best entire exhibit paintings and drawings, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, III 10 00 CLASS 70. PAINTINGS AND DRAWINGS. (Mrs. Charles E. Luring, Judge, Indianapolis, Ind.) Portrait in oil, made in past two years, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, 111 $15 00 Second premium, Helen M. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 8 00 Portrait in water colors, E. M. Ingraham, Indianapolis, Ind 10 00 Second premium, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, 111 5 00 Portrait in crayon, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, 111 G 00 Second premium, Mrs. Orris Pratt, Spring Prairie, Wis 3 00 Portrait in pastel, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff", 111 10 00 Second premium, Mrs. John O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind 5 00 Ideal head in oil, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, 111 G 00 Second premium, Mrs. John O, Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind « 3 00 Ideal head in water colors, Mathias Alten, Grand Rapids, Mich. ... 4 00 Second premium, Mrs. John O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Ideal figure in oil, Helen M. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind G 00 Second premium, Helen M. Good\\in, New Castle, Ind 3 00 Group figure in oil, Helen ^. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 5 00 Second premium, Helen M. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 2 50 Ideal figure in water colors, Helen M. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind. . 4 00 Second premium, Mathias Alten, Grand Rapids, Mich 2 00 Group figure in water colors, Mrs. John O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind. 4 00 Second premium, Mathias Alten, Grand Rapids, Mich 2 00 Specimen, flowers in oil, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff', 111 4 00 Second premium, Mrs. C. F. Palmer, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Display, flowers in oil, Mrs. Oris Pratt, Spring Prairie, Wis 6 00 Second premium, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, III 3 00 Specimen, flowers in water colors, L. A. Wilson, Indianapolis, Ind. . 3 50 Second premium, Mrs. Oris Pratt, Spring Prairie, Wis 2 00 Display, flowers in water colors, Mrs. C. F. Palmer, Indianapolis, Ind 5 00 ANNUAL MEETING. 161 Second premium, Mrs. Oris Pratt, Spring Prairie, Wis 3 00 Specimen, fruit in oil, Mrs. C. F. Palmer, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00 Second premium, Mrs. Oris Pratt, Spring Prairie, Wis 2 00 Best original specimen, Mrs. Oris Pratt, Spring I'rairie, Wis 4 00 Second premium, Mrs. John O. Spalir, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Specimen, fruit in water colors, Mathias Alten, Grand Rapids, Mich. 3 50 Second premium, Mrs. W. R. Galpin, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Specimen, vegetable in oil, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, 111 4 00 Second premium, Helen M. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 2 00 Specimen, vegetable in water colors, Matbias Alten, Grand Rapidsj Mich 3 50 Second premium, Mrs. Oris Pratt, Spring Prairie, Wis 2 00 Display, fruit or vegetable in oil, Mrs. Oris Pratt, Spring Prairie, Wis C 00 Second premium, Mrs. John O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 Display, fruit or vegetable in water colors, Mathias Alten, Grand Rapids, Mich ^ • ■ • 5 00 Second premium, Helen M. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind. 3 00 Animal in oil, Mathias Alten, Grand Rapids, Mich 4 00 Second premium, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, 111 2 00 Animal in water colors, Mathias Alten, Grand Rapids, Mich 3 50 Second premium, Helen M. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 2 00 Game, oil, Mrs. C. F. Palmer, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00 Second premium, Amelia L. Orndorff, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Game, water colors, Mrs. W. R. Galpiu, Indianapolis, Ind 3 50 Second premium, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, 111 2 00 Still life, in oil, Mathias Alten, Grand Rapids, Mich 4 00 Second premium, L. A. Wilson, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Still life, in water colors, Mrs. Oris Pratt, Spring Prairie, Wis 3 50 Second premium, Helen M. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 2 00 Specimen, landscape in oil. Mrs. C. F. Palmer, Indianapolis, Ind. ... 4 00 Second premium, Fred Vance, Crawfordsville, Ind 2 00 Specimen, landscape in water colors, Mathias Alten, Grand Rapids, Mich 3 50 Second premium, Mrs. C. F. Palmer, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Display landscape paintings. Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, 111 G 00 Second premium, E. M. Ingraham, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 Interior scene, oil, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, 111 4 50 Second premium, Mrs. C. F. Palmer, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Interior scene, water colors, Minnie B. .vkass. Lake Bluff, 111 4 50 Second premium, Helen M. Goudwin, Nev»- Castle, Ind 2 00 Drawing, from antitiue head, Mrs. John O. Spahr. Indianapolis, Ind. 4 00 Second premium, Helen M. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 2 00 Drawing, from antique, figure, Mrs. John O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind -i 00 11-AKri, 102 BOAUI) OF AGKICULTURE. Drawing, animal, Mrs. Jolni Q. Spalir, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00 Second premium, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, 111 li 00 Drawing, architectural, Helen M. Goodwin, Ncav Castle, Ind 4 00 Drawing, mechanical, Helen M. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 4 00 Pen and ink drawing, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, 111 2 00 Second premium, Mathias Alten, Grand Rapids, Mich 1 00 Charcoal drawing from life, ^Minnie B. Akass, Lake P>hiff, 111 o 00 Second premium, Fred Vance, Crawfordsville, Ind 2 00 Best display of pastels, Mrs. John O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00 Second premium, Heien M. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind. 2 00 Best display of crayons, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, 111 4 00 Second premium, Helen M. Goodwin, New Castle, Ind 2 00 Best entire exhibit paintings and drawings, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff, 111 12 00 Second premium, Mrs. John O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind G 00 Best display of water colors, Minnie B. Akass, Lake Bluff", 111 4 00 Second premium, Mrs. John O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 CLASS 71. CHINA. AMATEUR. (Mrs. Charles E. Luring, Judge, Indianapolis, Ind.) Painting on china, Dresden, specimen, Mrs. Mary R. Garver, Indi- anapolis, Ind $2 00 Second premium, Flora Y. Greenstreet, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00 Painting on china, Persian, specimen, Mrs. Guy Stayman, Indianap- olis, Ind 2 00 Second premium, Mrs. Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00 Painting on china, relief work, jNIrs. E. P. Thayer, Greenfield, Ind. . 2 00 Second premium, Mrs. H. L. Clark, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00 Painting on china, enamel, Mrs. Guy Stayman, Indianapolis, Ind. . 2 00 Second premium, Mrs. H. L. Clark, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00 Painting on china, colored gold, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greenfield, Ind. 2 00 Second premium. Flora V. Greenstreet, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00 Painting on china, lustre, Mrs. G. E. Brittain, Dayton, Oliio 2 00 Second premium, Mrs. C. *E. Law, Terre Haute, Ind i 00 Painting on china, dusted tinting, Mrs. Mary R. Garver, Indianap- olis, Ind 2 00 Second premium, Mrs. F. E. Wolcott, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00 Painting on china, punch bowl and six cups, flowers, Mrs. F. E. Wolcott, Indianapolis G 00 Painting on china, pimch bowl and six cups, fruits, Mrs. H. L. Clark, Indianapolis G 00 ANNUAL MEETING. ICu] Second, premium, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greeutield, Ind 4 UO Painting on china, tanliard and six cups, flowers, Mrs. Willis Fu- gate, Indianapolis (J UO Painting on china, tanliard and six cups, fruit, Gertrude Mellville, Indianapolis 00 Second premium, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greenfield, Ind 4 00 Painting on china, claret pitcher, Mrs. Mary K. Garver, Indianap- olis, Ind 4 UU Second premium, Mrs. F. E. Wolcott, Indianapolis, Ind U 00 Painting on china, jardiniere, Mrs. Willis Fugate, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00 Second premium, Gertrude Melville, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Painting on china, fruit set. Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greenfield, Ind. ... 4 00 Second premium, Mrs. Willis Fugate, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Painting on china, chocolate set, Mrs. Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00 Second premium, Mrs. Willis Fugate, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Painting on china, salad set, Daisy C. Altland, Indianapolis, Ind.. 4 00 Second premium, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greenfield, Ind 2 00 Painting on china, tea set, Mrs. Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind. 4 00 Second premium, Gertrude Melville, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Painting on china, soup set, Mrs. Guy Stayman, Indianapolis, Ind. . 4 00 Second premium, Mrs. H. L. Clark, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Painting on china, pudding set, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greenfield, Ind. . 4 0(i Second premium, Mrs. H. L. Clark, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Painting on china, game set, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greenfield, Ind. .. G 00 Second premium, Daisy C. Altland, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00 Painting on china, fish set, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greenfield, Ind. ..... 00 Second premium, Daisy C. Altland, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00 Painting on china, library set, Daisy C. Altland, Indianapolis, Ind. . 3 00 Second premium, Mrs. Mary R. Garvei-, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Painting on china, manicure set, Mrs. Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greenfield, Ind 2 00 Painting on china, toilet set, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greenfield, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Mrs. Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Painting on china, six plates, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greenfield, Ind. . . 4 00 Second premium. Flora V. Greenstreet, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Painting on china, six cups and saucers, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Green- field, Ind 3 00 Second premium, Mrs. Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Painting on china, conventional design, Daisy C. Altland, Indianap- olis, Ind 3 00 Second preniinm. I'lora V. Greenstreet, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 1G4 BOATED OF AGRICULTURE. Paiutiug on china, ideal liead, Mrs. John O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind G 00 Second premium, Mrs. Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00 I'ainting on china, ideal figure, Mrs. Mary K. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 6 00 Second premium, Mrs. John O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00 I*aintinjj; on china, portrait, Mrs. Jolin O. Spahr, Indianapolis, Ind. . G 00 Second premium, Mrs. G. E. Brittain, Dayton, Ohio 4 00 I'ainting on china, three ornamental pieces, Mrs. Chas. F. Kramer, Indianapolis 3 00 Second premium, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greentield, Ind 2 00 Painting on china, best original piece, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Green- field, Ind 2 00 Second premium, Mrs. Mary R. Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 1 00 Painting on china, under instruction, Mrs. John O. Spahr, Indian- apolis, Ind 4 00 Second premium, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greenfield, ind 2 00 Painting on china, best specimen not mentioned. Flora "V. Green- street, Indianapolis 3 00 Second premium, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greenfield, Ind 2 00 Painting on china, table ware display, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Green- field, Ind G 00 Second premium, Mrs. H. L. Clark, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 Painting on china, mush and millv set, Mrs. Mary R. Garver, Indi- anapolis, Ind 4 00 Second premium, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greenfield, Ind 2 00 Painting on china, decorated water pitcher. Flora Y. Greenstreet, Indianapolis 3 00 Second premium, Mrs. Guy Stayman, Indianapolis, Ind 1 50 Painting on china, delph, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greenfield, Ind 4 00 Second premium, Mrs. Willis Fngate, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Best entire display china painting, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Greenfield, Ind 10 00 Second premium, Mrs. Mary R, Garver, Indianapolis, Ind 5 00 Painting on glass, mineral colors display, Mrs. E. P. Thayer, Green- field, Ind 6 00 Second premium, Mrs. H. L. Clark, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 CLASS 72. CHINA. (Mrs. Charles E. Luring, Judge, Indianapolis, Ind.) Painting on china, Dresden, specimen, Mrs. Minnie S. Wilcox, Indi- anapolis, Ind $4 00 Second premium, Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 ANNUAL MEETING. 165 Painting on cliina, Persian, specimen, Mrs. Minnie S. Wilcox, Indi- anapolis. Ind 4 00 Second premium, Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 I'ainting on china, three ornamental pieces, Florence E. Newcomer, Dayton, Ohio G 00 Second premium. Mrs. Minnie S. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 I'aintlng on cliina, relief gold, Mrs. Minnie S. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00 Second premium, Mrs. W. S. Day, Indianapolis, Ind '2 00 Painting on china, enamel, Mrs. Minnie S. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 4 00 Second premium, Mrs. Wm. Welch, Indianapolis, Ind 2 00 Painting on china, punch bowl and cups, Mrs. Minnie S. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 6 00 Second premium, 'Siva. AVm. Welch, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 Painting on cliina, game, phupie, Mrs. Minnie S. Wilcox, Indianap- olis, Ind 00 Second premium, Mrs. Minnie S. Wilcox, Indianapolis, Ind 3 00 Jardiniere, Mrs. AVilliam Welch, Indianapolis. Ind 4 aporte Harness Company, Lai>orte, Ind. Miller Oil and Supply Company. R. A. Moony, Muncie, Ind. McSherry Manufacturing Company. ]\Iiddletown, Oliio. Ogborn & Callen. Pneumatic Elevator and Weigher Company. Prairie Manufacturing Company. Piersons Building Material Company. Roderick Lean Manufacturing Company. Rusk Evener Company. Reliable Machine Company. Scliroder Bros., Minier, 111. AVatson Tank Company. Weiseuborn Manufacturing Compaij^v. REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS OF Indiana State Association of Fair Managers, Held at State House, January ^, 1904. The meeting was called to order at 1:30 p. m., in Room 12, State House. President J. J. Insley in the chair, and Secretary AA'. M. Blaclvstock present. President Insley: These meetings are for the benefit of all, and sug- gestions from anj-one on methods that will better our affairs will be ac- ceptable. PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS. In the outset of this paper I desire to say that, in my judgment, the managers of fairs are confronted by conditions that have gradually de- veloped through many years, but which must now be met promptly and vigorously, or that erstwhile beneficent institutions will ultimately lapse into a condition described by a once prominent official as one of "innocu- ous desuetude." But before entering upon the discussion of this part of my topic, I desire to call attention to the history of fairs generally, and this for reasons which I hope will appear obvious. It is more than probable that their origin antedates any known record; that the ancient Egyptians and the dwellers of the valleys of the Euphrates and the Tigris made use of this means of disseminating a knowledge of agriculture, horticulture and stock breeding. Be that as it may, we are told that the word "fair" is derived from the Latin "feria"— a day of rest, a holiday, which meaning gradually expanded into a gathering for the sale and purchase of gooils. the hiring of slaves, etc. We are also told that the ancient Greeks, from whom the Romans derived the custom, held them for the purpose of as- sembling the people for political ])urposes— a custom to which it is de- voutly to be hoped this country will not revert. The various Roman fora were often the scenes of fairs abounding in disi)lays of all kinds, to which were assemljkil vast concourses of people from all the adjacent provinces, and from abroad. -173- 174 BOARD OF AGKICULTUUK. The tidal wave ol' barbarism wliicli s\v(.'i)L uver llie Uuiiiaii Empire .submerged these institutions, aud it was uot until the fifth century that they began to appear first in Italy, then in France. In the latter country, in (12!), Dagobort established the once famous fair of St. Denis near I'aris, which having too much of a religious character, was abolished as a relic of superstition, by the National Assembly in 1789. In the year 800, those of St. Lazare, Aix-la-Chapelle and Troyes were authorized. In S.'jG, Alfred the Great began to establish them in England. In Germany and the north of Europe, fairs for the sale of slaves were in- stituted about the year 1000, and human cattle Avere then empounded. had their teeth, eyes, limbs and bodies examined, no doubt as critically as we examine a horse in these days of peace and safety. In 1071, that famous robber, William the Conqueror, established these fairs for the sale of captives, taken in war, in England. In 1133, Henry I of England authorized the fair of St. Bartholomew, which con- tinued to exist more than seven hundred years, down to 1855, and was very famous in its day. Then come successively Weyhill fair in Hamp- shire, which gi-ew to be a great market for sheep; those of St. Faiths, Harborough, Carlisle and Omskirk for Scotch cattle; that of Ipswich, which is held annually in August, for the exhibition and sale of lambs, the yearly sales amounting to 100,000 head, and where also a butter and cheese fair is held In September. Then come the great horse fairs of Horncastle in Lincolnshire; Howden in Yorkshire and Woodbridge in Suf- folk, all much frequented by buyers" of hackneys, hunters aud other fancy horses; also Bristol, Exeter and Gloucester fairs, the latter held in April, being the great cheese fair of the world. In Scotland is the great sheep fair of Falkirk. At Ballin-asloe, in Ireland, the combined sheep and cattle fair, at which place there are annually sold 25,000 cattle and 75,000 sheep. We must uot leave out of the enumeration the celebrated fair of Donnybrook, embalmed forever in Irish song and story, where "rows" and "ructions" were the principal pastime, and where, according to one joyous minstrel, "You meet Avith a friend And for love knock him down, With your sprig of shillalah Of shamrock so green." But, alas I like all bright and beautiful things, it was born to pass away. We will not say "peace to its ashes," for it may be that "e'en in its ashes live its wonted fires;" but instead "green be its memory," that Ijeing the color worn on the caubeens of its once hilarious and somewhat truculent visitors. On the continent of Europe, the most famous fairs were those of St. Denis, where a piece of the true cross was annually exhibited to the multitude, and which was abolished, as we have seen; that of St. Lazare; St. Laurent; St. Ovid: originally all of a religioiis character, and finally ASSOCIATION OF FAIR MANAGERS. 175 those of Beaucaire and Guibray. These two became, and continued to be, very famous. That of Beaucaire was established by the Count of Toulouse, a very powerful nobleman, and the grant was afterwards couhrmed by Charles VIII, and annually drew together more than 200,000 people from all quarters of Europe and the more civilized portions of Asia and Africa. Besides its varied display of rich merchandise, articles of manufacture, works of art, etc., one of tlie striking features was the mirth and jollity that ran through all the hours like a leaping, flashing broolc that pours along through sunny meadows and' leafy wood- lands; pageants, shows, spectacles, merryandrews, jugglers, dancers, chanters, ropewalkers, clowns, all were there, responsive to the demands for amusement. The sales during the week often amounted to from four to five millions of dollars. The fair of Guibray was but little inferior to that of Beaucaire in any particular. In Holland the fairs of Amster- dam and Rotterdam are equal in many respects to those of France; the fun is more uproarious than at Beaucaire, and one can not but gaze in astonishment upon the spectable of the usually phlegmatic, laborious, economical, money-loving Hollanders turning themselves loose. The amusements are much the same as that at Beaucaire, but charac- terized by more noise and action; and to and from these people pour in streams— the middle-aged, the old, the grave, the gay, burgomaster and artisan, mistress and maid, are for the time upon one social level, quite gone back to boyhood and girlhood, laughing, hallooing, pushing and pulling, gorging themselves with a kind of cake peculiar to the fair, and drinks of varying potency. In our own country, the fair sprang into existence with but little patronage from wealth or power, save in one notable instance, to which I wish to refer. The far-seeing, indefatigable and wholly patriotic Jefferson, fully persuaded tluit the future greatness of his country would arise primarily and principally from her agriculture, devoted much of his time, his great talents, learning, energies and means to the development of this interest. Thus, while minister to France, he set an example worthy of imitation to the present time; eschewing, as much as possible, levees, functions, and idle pageants, he devoted himself to a thorough investigation of the methods of agriculture and manufacture, not only in France, but of the countries lying adjacent. He "took up his dwelling among the farmers and learned what they knew of seed, of soil, of culti- vation and preparation for market. The result of his investigation he communicated to his fellow countrymen, sending them seed, encouraging experimentation, and causing such to be made upon his own farm at Monticello, and patronizing all of the means of disseminating knowledge of agriculture, horticulture, stockbreeding, etc., including the fair, the most potent of all agents. In medieval times the fair accomplished several great and notable tilings: It liroMghl togdhor in social coniinunion widely srl)aiated jicoph'. 170 noAi;n ok agriculture. thus softening provincial and national jealousies and animosities; It l)rought into one exhibition the products ot hands and minds of these vai'ions people, it open(>d up a highway for commerce and trade, as no oilier agency had been able to accomplish. In tliesc times when these advance guards of civilization may go almost where they will, it is dithcult to conceive how cruelly they were liampered in lliose. What with pirates, "rovers," "sea wolves,"' and "sealteggers" talcing all and scuttling the ship at sea, and tariff, imposts,' tolls, duties, lines and out- right robberies; taking all save a modicum upon land, none save the liardiest and the most necessitous Mould assay enterprises so full of hazard. To the merchant and trader, then, the fair came as an inesti- mable blessing; authorized by the decree of monarch and powerful nol)Ie, protection and immunity were extended to itll coming or going to or from such, and anyone hindering, did so at his peril. Not only was the person of the merchant or trader protected, but his goods and belongings were exempt froiu all duties and lines, etc.; so such relief was found for both as had not been known for centuries; and on the other hand, rulers began to find great advantage accruing to their dominions by reason of the consequent influx of trade, and so the fair became more widely recognized and patronized and was granted more privileges, and violence and oppressive exactions declined correspondingly. A study of tlie history of fairs slunvs us that the period of their existence is not necessarily a limited one, since those of Beaucaire and St. Bartholomew continued through many centuries. It shows, however, that evolution is a constant accompaniment and a necessity to perpetuity. Thus, the religious and political gatherings and tlie slave market, gave way to the more modern features; w^hen commerce had found an open way which it might pursue unmolested, and social intercourse had been established between people, then another evolution took place, and the fair took another phase, more nearly resembling the present one. Now, however, the agriculturist, the horticulturist, the manufacturer and the artisan have Ijeen taught, by the oljjects presented by the fair, the same lessons, with but little variation, over and over, until but little remains to be done in that direction. Interest in the big pumpkin, the tall coru, the prize bull, even tlie 2:20 trot, have palled by repetition. Shall the fair, having accomplished all it can do, pass out of existence, or shall it renew its potency. The great majority of our people have seen specimens of the finest stock, and the finest products of farm, of orchard, of loom, of mine and of shops, but are these possessed as generally as might be, and may not our fairs become valuable agencies, as do the fairs of Falkirk, of Ballin-asloe, and HoAvden? In fact, may they not, to some extent, resolve themselves into j^reat annual markets, whose material is gxiaranteed and sold at rates mutually advantageous to buyer and seller? It is said abroad that the American people work too hard and give ASSOCIATION OF FAIK MANAGERS. ITT themselves too little relaxation and amusement; their holidays are too few, and in consequence wc are becoming "l)undles of nerves," "howling dyspeptics," etc. In our own State four large asylums, full of the insane, might also speak in affirmation of this. Who can measure the good tliat may be accomplished by helping our people to throw care to the winds and for a sliort time revert to that primitive state in which those of mature years and responsibilities and labors may romp like children- for the poet speaks truly Avhen he says that "men are but children grown tall," and it also is true that it is necessary to mental and physical health, to put off the artificial state and put on the natural one at longer or shorter intervals. I would lU'ge therefore upon your consideration tlie advisability of making the amusement and entertainment featui'es of our fairs much more conspicuous than they are now. Let a full line of the cleanest and best diversions tliat maj' be had, be provided, such as sliows, and pageants of all kinds, and encourage in every legitimate way something of the free, uproarous mirth to be witnessed at the fairs of Amsterdam and Rotterdam. To carry out these ideas successfully, will perhaps require a concen- tration of energies and means. Instead of a fair to every county, let us have foih* or five counties to every fair; it can in time be so arranged as to satisfy each, and instead of a number of puny institutions, which one bad season threatens with extinction, we would have not so- manj% but those more capable of meeting every reasonable demand, and strong enough to maintain themselves against the accidental and casual. President Insley: "We have with us this afternoon Mr. J. Q. Thomas, of Rushville, Avho will speak on the subject of "The Fair, Its Object and Benefits to Both Town and Country." FAIRS— THEIR OBJECTS AND BENEFITS TO BOTH TOWN AND COUNTRY. Fairs, as we now know them, are essentially an American product, which has not as yet reached a centennial. After tlieir introduction tliey had many opposing elements with wliicli to contend and overcome. Their l)enefits, and even their necessity, were matters, of conjecture and liad to be demonstrated. They had to outlive the class who, as at the incep- tion of every innovation or new enterprise, oppose everything they do not comprehend or originate. But with untiring zeal the progressive element of the country carried them through to success. Tlie.v met with varying success until a period within the memory of matiy now present; when their purposes became understood and their influence and benefits becanie more and more a])i)ar('nt. tliey took on life and energy and became (•stal)lislied institutions bringing in tlieir train, directly or otlier- wise, comfort to the home, development to agriculture, expansion to 12-Afri. 178 BOARD OF AGRICULTUKE. mamifatture, a stiuiulant to sonius; being groat storehouses of instruc- tion, veritable universities of industry. The fairs of Europe, where they originated, had but little significance, being either periodical markets of greater or lesser magnitude, or holiday occasions of mirth and pleasure. Tlie original Amorcan conception embodied all these and went a step forward by embracing and encouraging the development of the products of the soil and the improvement of stock. The American idea was an expansive one and not to be hedged about by a contracted sphere. Reaching out from the boundaries of agriculture it took in the culinary and every department of women's handiwork, the mill and the factory. Thence forward to the domain of invention and architecture, ■ literature and art, still extending its influence and help- fiUness imtil every department of skill within the realm of human in- genuity had been compassed. From these improved conditions have sprung the institutes and col- leges of agi'iculture and filled them and the colleges of art and literature with intelligent young men and women who are destined to enlighten and rule the nation, if not the world. From these county fairs, over which pessimists liave 'pronounced learned elegies, each succeeding season for the last forty years, have been evolved State and national exhibitions and international expositions, culminating in our own country, where Avill be gathered from every laud the wonders of nature, relics of prehistoric times, the architecture of the ages, the greatest works of the greatest masters in art and literature, the skill and invention of nations, and the processes of development from the remotest period to the living present, in the presence of which Avill stand the wise men of the world in utter amazement as they contemplate the wonders of the age in which we have been permitted to live. All conceived and executed for the study and education of the world. The tall oaks which "from little acrons grow" are of great development, but not to be compared in magnitude with this exposition in its evolution from the little New York fair instituted by Elkanah Watson eighty-nine years ago. Fairs, not ])eing dividend paying institutions as a rule, are free from the intrigues of designing and avaricious men, who would conduct them for their own selfish purposes. But in most communities there are to be found men, whose ideas are on a par with their appetites, who get into the management. They, at once, discover the decadence of the fair because of its morality and temperance and want to eliminate what they term "Sundaj'-school methods" and substitute the saloon and gambling house, with all their attending iniquity, and the object of the fairs diverted from the paths of usefulness into intemperance and excess, and degenerated in proportion to the extent of such management. Permit me to digress far enough to sav tliat the last State exhibition ASSOCIATION OF FAIK MAXAGEKS, 179 was well up to the ideal in both exhibition and management, and all such fairs should have the encouragement of every citizen and the sup- port of the Legislature in any emergency. What fairs have accomplished defines their object and purpose and is the heritage of everyone, whether from town or country. There is no other place provided for the assemblage of the people where such great and diversified benefits can be obtained. To succeed upon the farm the agriculturist must adopt advanced methods and prosecute the lines most to his lilving. He must know how to score its points if he desires a perfect animal. He must know the most profitable stock to raise and how to care for it, the best feed to use and the best results obtainable from it. He must know the varieties best adapted to his purposes and the climate where he lives, if he wishes to set an orchard or a vineyard. He must know the kinds of seed to plant and the character and needs of the soil where he plants it. He must know something of the best machinery and implements, how to use and repair them, and where he can best buy them. To be a useful citizen he must keep advised as to the affairs of his country and in touch with the progi-essive element of his county and State. At these great schools of instruction he sees the best specimens in every department, carefully observes the points of merit and improve- ment, and by free intercourse with the people, he is enabled to correct liis mistakes and profit by the experience of others. The housewife learns of new ideas for the development, beautifying and economical management of the home. In the sphere of needlework she is enchanted with practical and useful designs. In greeting friends and extending acquaintance she feels the burden of the daily round of life lightened, and for a- time forgets the oft-recurring thought that "woman's work is never done." The boys about the barns and pens, the agricultural, horticultural and mechanical halls are looking, listening, learning; gathering information for the foundation of the edifice of future usefulness. The girls, here with the choicest viands, there among the flowers, here in the midst of the finest display of needlework, there in the presence of the greatest works of art, looking, listening, learning, storing up ideas of business, culture and refinement. The artist hangs his best productions alongside those of another. He hears the expressions of commendation and criticism. While flushed with success he is gratified to learn of mistakes in placing lights and shadows. The tradesman and manufacturer find in the exhibition of their goods the most practical as well as the most economical method of attracting the attention of the people, and the genius suggestions and material for his limitless field of investigation. And as a means of advertising a county and of dis.seminating information among the people. 180 I50AHD OF AGRICULTURE. :U hiiiiio aiul aliroad, as to its industries and products, the fair has no equal. Tht-re is anutlier feature, and iu nowise the least of the benelits of the fair, whicli may be enjoyed in common by every citizen. Most men and women possess a social and helpful disposition. But when the farnu'r. merciiant, artisaii and men and women of every vocation meet only iu the relations of active business life, burdened with its perplexing cares and responsibilities, and only know each other as seen and engaged in the hard lines of barter and trade, in the midst of the fiercest compe- tition, these characteristics are not always apparent. But at the fair, an institution "'of the people, by the people and for the people," the whole community from every avenue, calling and sphere in life, and of every political and religious conviction, can meet on the level, and, laying aside the cares of business, enjoy a season of social and refined recrea- tion. In thus commingling and becoming better acquainted they see developed those virtues which form the base of every noble action and receive a social uplift, such as they never before experienced, elevating them to a higher plane, from which viewpoint they obtain a better insight into life and a better opinion of their fellowmen and better enabling them to deal more generously and more intelligently with the social and busi- ness problems of life. These are some of the benefits accruing to the people by reason of tlie wisdom and foresight of the progressive men who instituted and perpetu- ated these great annual festivals. And when it shall be no longer neces- sary to grow two blades of grass where there formerly was but one; or to continue the United States the leading agricultural country on the globe; or Avhen agricultural development and inventive genius have reached, their limit; when social conditions need no farther improvement nor embellishment, and when there are no more victories to be achieved in the sphere of intellectual research and human ingenuity, then the fairs may have lived out the days of their usefulness and be ready to be known onlj- in historj-. President Insley: The next paper will be, "In What Departments of the Fair can the Management be Improved?" This paper Avill be read by Mr. II. L. Nowlin, of LaAvreuceburg. Mr. Nowlin: Tliis, of course, is a subject that is of mucli interest to every manager of a fair or superintendent of a department, and one I feel myself not competent to handle. However, in the short paper I shall read I shall give you some of the things I have noticed in different places, and how some things may be avoided. ASSOCIATION OF FAIT? :\rAjVAOERS. 181 IN WHAT DEPARTMENTS OF THE FAIR CAN THE MANAGE- MENT BE IMPROVED? Fairs are supito.sod to l)e run for what money can be made out of them, so it is necessary that the people who attend them for various purposes be given the best opportunity possible to accomplish their ob- jects, and thus be induced to come. There are three classes at every fair— the privilege people, the ex- hibitors, and the patrons. I place the privilege people first, because they are only to be treated briefly. It has been said that "you could kick a privilege man over the back fence and he would beat you in at the front gate," but they are worthy of consideration. It is an injustice to the association and the better class of concessionaires to do collecting in any other way than cash in advance. If this is done it does away with most of the worst element and gives those who are Avilling to pay the advantage of all the trade. It is the case nearly every time that they are able to pay all down before the fair opens. If not, then it is reasonable to let them pay half before the fair begins, one-fourth the first day of the fair and the balance the second day. If they, are not able to do this, they will never pay all of their money, and thus get the benefit of your fair with- out paying for it, and not only leave you short, but do gi'eat injustice to those who do pay. No privilege should bo allowed on the grounds that can not pay as indicated. Individually, I should not alloAV any games of chance of any description or any kind of intoxicating liquors on the grounds, and above all keep the immoral shows away. The exhibitors are the people who make the fair, and are worthy of much more consideration than they get in many places. How many fairs do the exhibitors go to and find things in readiness for them? Those of us who have been there know. I have pulled to a town where a fair was to be held and the first thing was the drayman held me up. No arrangement had boon made for the hauling and the exhibitors were at their mercy. Arrived at the grounds, stables and pens are out of repair, and more than once have I worked three or four hours before I could get the stock in. No superintendent appeared until the first or even the second day of the fair, aud none of the officers could be found. All this puts the exhilntor to needless trouble and expense and could be remedied by a very little attention by some official. Eveiy department superin- tendent owes it to the exhibitor to either be present all the time after exhiljits begin to arrive or have some competent person to take his place. Of course tliis makes tho^o jxisitions luinl to fill; but look at the other side of the question mikI sec liow tin- exliibitor fares who follows the business week after weelv^ while the superintendent only has a few days. It is due oxliil)itors and jtatrons that every exhii)it bo placed and readj' for inspection at the hour lor oitcning. How often do we find some 182 i;(»Ai;i) OK AnRlf'tiTTllKK. of the buildings locked while people are payhig their money at the gates to see the exhibits contained in those very bnildings. There is no juslice or reason for this if every person complies with the rules. It is something that can be easily remedied. Exhibitors must be treated courteously and afforded every opportunity to display their goods if they are expected to patronize oiu- fair. Their lot is a hard one at best. To the gate receipts we look for most of the income, and it is due the patrons of any fair tliat arrangements are such that they can see tlie exhibits and be accommodated with as many conveniences as possi- ble. They come for instruction and pleasure, and should be afforded every opportunity for these with as little annoyance as possible. In gate arrangements I do not see how much if any improvement can be made, but there is one thing that will greatly improve every depart- ment in all respects, and that is an information bureau. There are thousands of questions asked on eveiy fair ground every year that are not answered because they are not put to the proper person. Of course, the larger fairs need this more than the smaller ones, but it is needed at every fair worthy that name. Now, I will give my idea as I think it could be applied to the State Fair, and it can be modified to suit any county fair. Locate the building in a central place and make it as conspicuous as possible. Let the attendants be selected who will always be courteous and quick to answer questions. It will take three or four people to do the work properly and they will need to be on the grounds a full week before the fair opens. Have a large plat of the grounds, showing the location of every build- ing and lot Then take the mechanical department for example and let the superintendent give the people in charge the names of every exhib- itor and his location. These will be arranged in alphabetical order, leav- ing ample space between the ending of one letter and the beginning of the next for any additional names as the space is taken. As other ex- hibits are located let them be reported to the bureau and their names placed on the list. The privilege department can be on the same plan. In the live stock departments they can have the names of all exhib- itors and the stalls or pens assigned to them and the names arranged the same as the mechanical. For instance, we have a speed department, and under that head tliere is Jolni Jones, 6, 7. 8, 9. 10—8. The party giving the information will know at a glance that John Jones has stalls Nos. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, in barn 8. Then there is Geo. Morgan, 1, 2, 3, 4— H. It can be seen at a glance that Geo. Morgan has stalls Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, in barn H. It is easy to show the inquirer where barn H is, and then it is easy for him to find the stalls. The same plan can be followed in the cattle, sheep and swine departments. Possibly the poulti-y department can be arranged so an exhibitor could be located there or nearly so, and the other departments could only be sliown as a whole. ASSOCIATION OF FAIR-MANAGERS. ISo The question is raised, '"Wliy not let tlio supeiiutendent give this infor- mation?" He knows all these things. Well, find the superintendent and get the information. It will usuallj' be as easy to locate the exhibit as the superintendent, for in each case the inquirer is hunting for a stranger in a strange land. It seems to me that this would relieve every superintendent of much ti'ouble and it would certainly be a great benefit to the exhibitor and patrons of the fair. Let this bureau be connected with the telephone and have the time tables of every railroad and electric line and Avhere they will stop. Also the time of all special trains' arrival and departure. They should have the program complete, and whenever any change is made it must be reported to them immediately, that they may make no mistakes. It is due the exhibitors and the patrons that they know of any change as soon as that change is decided upon. Of cour.«e there are many little details that will naturally come up. and some annoyance, and perhaps every person docs not realize the questions that are asked. If our fairs are to be a success in the future we must cater to the wants of the people, and I think most of them want to see what they pay for. One person who is disappointed will do a fair more harm than twenty pleased patrons will do it good. At most of the county fairs this arrangement can be made at the secretarj^'s office, but how often Ave find tiiat oflice locked up, and we can hunt for the information wanted or go away without it. Pi'esident Insley: If every fair had a superintendent who was such a bureau of information as our Lawrenceburg friend there wouldn't be so much trouble. I visited the Lawrenceburg fair last j'ear, and found that Brother Nowlin was about the whole thing there, and I found out, too, that they had a good fair. Mr. W. E. Blackstock read the following paper: THE FUTURE OUTLOOK FOR COUNTY FAIRS. Public sentiment in this State in favor of agricultural and mechan- ical exhibitions is of recent origin and wholly within the past fifty years. The county fair system became common only about twenty years ago and has scarcely passed its experimental stages. In some counties meet- ings have been held consecutively for ten, twenty or thirty years, and are still in popular favor, wliile on the other hand there are others that started just as well, and ran fairly for a time, but now their buildings are weather-stained, fences are tottering and their general appearances indicate a doubtful futtire. There are still others tliat have gone to 184 BOARD»OF AGRICULTURE. racing only, and not a IVw have bi'i-n abandonod altogothcr. Therefore the future of the county fair is a problem worthy of serious considera- tion. Some people believe that the day for these meetinj^s is past, and that under present conditions there is no natural necessity for them. Be that as it may, it must be admitted that linancial and social conditions are constantly chanijinji-, and it is now more ditfieult to please the popular taste in many thin.us than it was twenty or tliirty years ago. Those past years Avere times of wonderful agricultural development. In those early days the timber and swamp lands were being converted into fertile farms, and to tliis end the industrious farmer hailed with enthusiasm the helpful advantages of the annual fair. It was there that he first saw the pedigreed live stock so recently imported into this country. He saw its preference over the scrub stock of his vicinity. He saw there the first twine binder, the best farming implements, and many other neAV things. These meetings were attractive novelties, combining the essen- tials of a school, circus and general outing. In those years there were no world's fairs nor big international shows to divert public attention, hence every environment warranted success, and under any ordinary, or even inferior management a popular event might be expected every year in any county. However, these circumstances of growing ■wealth and rural tlu'ift soon began to work changes, and a crisis in fair management was pre- cipitated, for with the introduction of high-priced live stock, exhibitors and visitors demanded better accommodations. The leaky board roof stable gave way to the shingle roof, outdoor pens to more sanitary enclo- sures, hydraulic water plants displaced the Avooden pump. Higher premiums had to be offered and bigger purses hung on the Avire. All this, of course, involved a larger attendance, and a heavier draft upon the gate receipts, or a financial shortage AA'as inevitable. It was then the prorata clause was inserted in the premium lists, and in many sad instances, especially in counties of small population, the income failed to meet outgoing expenses and the premiums being prorated, or, still A\^orse, not rated at all, the credit of the association was lost, and the enterprise Avas a failure. The Darwinian theory of a survival of tlie fittest, governs all living things, and applies to the fair situation specifi- cally. The county fairs that have passed away, died chiefly because they were unfitted to the conditions of their locality. It is mistaken manage- ment for every cross roads or village association to build their outfit upon the same costly plan as is proper in the more wealthy and pojnilous coun- ties. Every fair can not be a State fair, not even in outline, for to be useful there must be adaptation to local surroundings. In almost every community Avhere such institutions are desirable there is some special industry, in which a large number of persons are interested. If so, this pai'ticular feature should have a special prominence, and thus give the ASSOCIATION OF FAIR MANAGERS. 185 event an individuality that will command attention of the home people and at the same time advertise to strangers in attendance the resources of the neighborhood; hence, for lack of population from which to draw sufficient gate receipts, rural fairs will always be at a disadvantage under our American lair system. For them the European system is much better. Unendowed fairs can not compete with State endowed fairs. There is another question which intimately affects all county fairs at the pres- ent time, and concerns still more their future usefulness and perma- nency. It is the trend of commerce towards larger capitalization of busi- ness interests, in the merging of railroads and banks, larger factories and larger farms. Department stores have closed up the smaller stores, and in like manner the big fairs attract attention from the little ones. Whether we like it or not the spirit of concentration and monopoly is in almost everything. Certainly in all the States the disparity between the State fairs and the county fairs is growing more noticeable every year. Take, for instance, the Indiana State Fair, which has an annual do- nation for premiums of .$10,000, and even this amount is not sufficient for every needed requirement of our State Fair. The U. S. Congress has do- nated $5,000,000 to the St. Louis fair; they now ask for a loan of $4,000,000 more. The Illinois Legislature within the past six years appropriated about one-half million dollars for the equipment of their State fair and premiums therefor. The State of Ohio gave a like amount for this same important purpose, and the people of those States are well pleased with this investment of public money. They are proud of their State fairs, and well they should be. Their buildings are large enough for conducting every department— except speed— under cover from bad weather. Cement walks connect the buildings and are also under roof, they have clean toilet rooms for all. and every natural convenience. Tlaere are buildings capa- ble of entertaining 50,000 visitors independent of rain or storm. Conse- quently no mere local fair can compete with State supported institutions. As the one increases its facilities, the other relatively decreases in popular esteem. Just as the private colleges of thirty years ago unless privately endowed, have all given place to State colleges supported by the State, .so it may l)e stated as a safe proposition that it is only a question of time until all ilic county fairs dependent upon gate and jirivilege receipts and luiaided by public money and public lands will pass out of exist- once. They can not always cover repairs, 3 per cent, insurance rates, premiums, advertising, salaries, etc., all dei)("ndciit uiuin llic uncertain chance of four days of favorable weather. It is too much like plaj'ing a game of chance. The exclusive gate receipt only association jnay have si'.cceodod in past years, and a few of them still pay expenses. 1)ut in the near future they v,\\l all go into retirement. 'I'liis leads to the sugges- tion that in localities, as before stated, where tlie population is sparse and scattered, their fairs of the future will be somewhat after the fash- ion of the old fair days of England and France that liave been hold for 186 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. centuries, boiug a live stock street exhibition and sale day combined. The merchants, restaurants and faliirs, will pay the premiums. No entry- fees, no big: barns standing unoccupied 3G1 days in the year, no profes- sional exhibitor, for the home producer will furnish the wliolc show. A few such meetings have been held in Indiana and are considered desirable. However, in the more populous districts, where railways cen- ter, and mining or manufacturing are interested, the old-fashioned county . fair, with its public park, race track, and training stables will always be a necessity. Some of our best associations now occupy free lands purchased by county commissioners, and in the future all well managed fairs will have free lands and their maintenance will be guaranteed by county funds upon the same principle of public utility as the park sys- tems of our cities and the agricultural and technical colleges. The educa- tional advantages of agricultural and mechanical exhibitions are no longer questioned. They have a world-wide recognition in every civil- ized country, hence the essential feature of every fair, big or little, should be its exhibits. If these are lacking, the educational idea is eliminated and all that is left is the amusement idea. If this latter only is desired, then the carnival street fair is what you should patronize. Side shows at the fair are good or bad of their kind, but the main show should be the exhibits. Fairs are educational. The exhibition of a fine horse or other domestic animal is the expression of a fine thought. His graceful carriage and high- toned character come not by chance. They are the resiUt of long con- tinued, scientific breeding. The principles involved therein are taught in schools and books, but the essentially fine points can best be seen ^ in the show rings at the fair. It is by actual comparisons and competi- tion that points of perfection can best be demonsti-ated. The competitive exhibit is the ultimate test of productive excellence, and for this reason, the students from all our agricultural colleges attended the recent Chi- cago stock show for purposes of practical education. The Nebraska col- lege produced on their experimental farm and exhibited at that show the grand champion fat steer over all competitors and drew the prize therefor, thus our fairs are now—and in the future will be still more— closely allied with the highest branches of the educational system of this country, and will be aided by public appropriations upon the same grounds as are our common schools and colleges. It is the fault of fair managers if they are not. Undoubtedly the county fairs of Indiana that are liberally endowed and wisely managed are destined to be a prominent factor in developing the Intelligence of the people, and all the wealth producing industries of the State, and just as long as they are made useful towards that end the people of the several counties will support them and demand their continuance and perpetuity. President Insley: There is one topic here that should, and I suppose does, interest every State fair, the question of sweepstakes, and they are ASSOCIATION OF FAIR MANAGERS. 187 iuteiested in sweepstakes, not only in tlie horse department, but in the departments of cuttle, sheep, and swine. In our county fair we have not done away AA-ith it, and we find that the general purpose horse, the one who is the best in his class, will probably take the sweepstakes prize. Mr. Blackstock: I may be mistaken, but I tliink it is a mistake for the county fairs to have a sweepstake prize. I think it is proper at the State Fair and the big fairs, for the reason that tlie extent of the exhibits at those fairs justify it. Another thing, if you want the sweepstakes premium you must put up a reasonable amount of money, and the county fairs, as a rule, do not have the. money. Unless you put up quite a sum of money it will not amount to anything as an advertising medium. You liad better put the money into the other premiums. That is my opinion of the matter of sweepstakes premiums at county fairs. There being no other miscellaneous business. President Insley an- nounced that the next order of business would be the election of officers. Mr. Blackstock: I desire to nominate for President for the coming year Mr. J. J. Insley. On motion n'ominations were closed, and Mr. Insley was elected by acclamation. Mr. Insley: Next year I hope we shall not have the Hereford men, the Shorthorn Breeders, the Corn Growers and the Swine Breeders all meeti;ig at the same time that the State Board of Agriculture and the State Fair Managers are holding their meetings. I think we should have a program committee to prepare a program and Avork up an interest in these meetings. Mr. Blackstock: I move that the chair appoint a committee of five to prepare a program for the next annual meeting of the State Fair Man- agers Association. Mr. Insley: With your permission I will take this matter under ad- visement and notify Mr. Blackstock of the appointment of this committee. Mr. Blackstock can then notify the members of the committee. Mr. Blackstock was nominated for Vice-President. There being no other nominations, Mr. Blackstock was elected by acclamation. There being no further business to come before the mooting it was adjourned sine die. THE Indiana Corn Growers' Association, Tuesday, January ^, 1904 ADDRESS OF C. R. CLORE. What Indiana dot's at the St. Louis AVorld's Fair does not depend wholly upon Mr. Overstreet and me, but does depend more largely upon what the farmers of Indiana are going to do. If we go to the St. Louis World's Fair next year with a sample of corn, Avheat, oats, etc.. from eveiy farmer in Indiana, malting a large class, we can make a good ex- hibit. Otherwise we can not. In each county there is an agent appointed to gather together the selections of the different graihs in the county in which he lives. It seems to me, however, that some of these agents are not very much interested in the worlv, while others are very much interested. Quite a number of counties in the State do not seem to care. Where appropria- tions have been made by the commissioners, the agents have been able to collect quite a good lot of stuff to l)e used in the exhiliit. Every farmer who sends a sample of wheat, corn, or wliatever grain it might be, will be given full credit for it. Should any one here this afternoon send in a collection, do not fail to put on it your name, tlie name of the article, for in tliat event you will be given full credit for the display. It seems to me the farmers in Indiana ought to be gi-eatly interested in this Avorli, as our State will compare favorably with any State in the Union as far as corn is concerned, not only as to quality l)ut also quan- tity, that is, the numljer of bushels to the acre. The outcome of Indiana's farm exhibit, I say, then depends upon what you do. Mr. Overstreet and I do not stand for that. We are only two people. We want to represent every corn grower in the State, and therefore urge you to send a sample of your best corn, your Ijest wheat, or other grains and assure you that you \\ill l)e given due and full credit for the exhiljit. Mr. Overstreet and I and a number of merchants in Franklin are endeavoring to interest tlie farmers in this Avork, and have arranged for a .corn contest to be held the 11th and 12th of Februarj\ We have offered fifty-five or sixty prizes, ranging in value from an Oliver steel plow down to the best package of tobacco. These prizes are gladly of- — 188- CORX growers' association. 180 fered, aud the eutlre exhibit is to be carried to St. Louis as a county exhibit. Many people have asked me if it is possible for a county to make a county exhibit. It is thus far: All articles from any county will be classed together aud so labeled. If your county sends in a large quantitj' of corn, wheat, or other stuff, it will be labeled so, and the grower will be credited with it. It will be impossible to give space to any one county whereby it can make a display exhibit. We have a number of cases in whicli to show the corn and where it can not be handled. You know everybody would pluck out a grain or two, if it were not pro- tected, and by the end of six months there would not be much of the corn left. As to the corn to be exhibited, I AAill say that it must be last year's corn, and as far as entering is concerned, you will not be allowed to enter in the fall. There are no cash prizes offered by the commission. Everything is medals and diplomas. It might be well aud pi*oper for me to say here that I have a diploma, which did not cost me anything, that I won in Paris, France, and I am very proud of it and consider it one of my nicest treasures. You now have a chance to enter this fair and win a prize Avhich will cost no more than mine did. Now, as to the quantity of corn in your exhibits. The reqiiiremeut is from ten to twenty ears. I think the quantity of other grains is most too small, as the commission only asks not less than one-half a peck. so be sure and do not send less than that amount. Regarding the ship- ping of your exhibit, I think arrangement has been made to send them here in care of Commissioner W. W. Stevens, but Ave are asking him now to have them sent to St. Louis direct, but have not had his answer. If the exhibits are sent here you will have the expense of having it hauled from the depot and then i-eshipping to St. Louis. At Franklin Ave have a large warehouse Avhere Ave are at AAork noAv on installments of oiu* exhibits, putting them up in sections, this Avarehouse being near the depot. It would, of course, be of less expense to send direct to St. Louis. There should be an agent in eA'ery comity to look after the different col- lections. His expenses are all paid. Should there be no agent in your county, you Avill send your exhibit direct to us or to Mr. Stevens. We Avill pay the freight. Mr. Overstreet and I are going to use every effort, and ask your as- sistance. Send in your stuff, for Ave Avant to be classed in the same class Avith Illinois Avhen the exhibit is completed. I knoAV that our friend. Mr. Rankin, has arranged for a much more elaborate exhibit than we have, but you must remember this, that Avhere Ave have but $10,000 to be put in our special corn and agricultural exhibit they have tAvo and a half times that much; so, if you go to St. Louis next season and find that Indiana has not as large an exhibit as Illinois, it Avill be be- cause we had less than half the amount that Illinois li;id for our display. 190 BOAKD OF AGTtlCULTUKK. Now, about shipping your corn. Let me advise you to be sure and wrap each ear securely and pack them closely in a box so they can not move about in transit and lose any part of the grains, and be received in lirst-class condition. As 1 said at the beginning, ship either to us direct or to Commissioner Stevens at the State House. All collections should be sent in l)y the first of February. \ou see you will have to use last year's growth, as the show will be over before the next j'ear's crop. Mr. Overstreet and I have the management of the special corn and agricultural exhibit, and the two are practically put together. Bear in mind that the success of Indiana's exhibit depends upon what each farmer is going to do. If every farmer and every agent selected should make up his mind to make a good sliowing, I assure you Illinois would not stand much of a chance. It would be a good thing for the agents to go to a man's corn crib and get the corn himself in order that our ex- hibit be a good one, if the farmer is not interested in the work himself. SOME THINGS WHICH SHOULD RECEIVE ATTENTION IN CORN BREEDING. PROP. A. T. WIANCKO. The subject of corn improvement has been so often and so thor- oughly discussed in the past few years that I do not expect to say any- tliiug which tlie members of this Association have not already heard or read about. But the subject is one of such far reaching importance that it AVill bear repetition. I take it for granted that every member feels a personal fnterest in corn improvement, and wishes, himself, to do some work along this line. With this understanding, I wish to spend a few minutes at my disposal this morning in speaking of some of the points the beginner in corn breeding work must consider and always keep in sight. First, I would say, begin your breeding upon a small scale. I would emphasize this because you can give a small plat more careful attention, and it is better to make a big improvement in a small lot of corn than a small improvement iu a large lot. A small plat planted with the few- very best ears will produce enough to provide a fine quality of seed corn for the general crop the following season. To begin with you should secure a few good ears of the very best variety for your conditions. If you have not already got it, it may be advisable to conduct a small variety test of those varieties which ap- pear to suit your conditions. In this preliminary work the varieties should be planted side by side CORN GROWKRS' ASSOCIATION. 191 under the same conditious aud a careful study of each made. Having selected the variety with which you Avish to begin, give up all others and keep the variety pure by careful selection aud keeping the breed- ing plat isolated so that the pollen from other lields can not reach it. You can always tiud a spot upon the farm where a small plat can be isolated. There are just as good reasons for keeping a variety of corn pure as there are for keeping a breed of live stock pure. For the breeding plat we should always select a good, clean piece of ground where the corn can be given the very best attention. Don't be afraid of spending too much time upon this small plat. If you use the product as seed for the next year's field crop, you will be many times repaid for the extra trouble. Always select the very best ears from the breeding plat for planting in a similar plat next year. Plant each two ears in alternate rows and detassel all the rows of one of the ears, to prevent inbreeding, and select seed for next year's plat from the detasseled rows. All breeding should be toward a single, definite type. In carrying out this, we must keep in mind the size, form and color of the ear; the form, depth, shape, roughness and hardness of the kernel; the covering of butts aud tips; the time of maturity, etc. The character and size of the stalk and the root and leaf development, as well as the position and character of the shank must also be kept in mind. A good, vigorous stalk may make the difference between a good and poor crop, especially when seasons are unfavorable. Productiveness must, of course, always be a leading interest, and all barren and weak stalks should be de- stroyed before they shed pollen. The careful corn breeder should be per- sonally acquainted with each and every stalk in the breeding plat, and a record of the pedigree of each ear selected for seed in the breeding plat should be kept. Before closing I wish to say a word about special purpose breeding, such as breeding for protein, starch or fat content of the kernels. Every farmer may do something along one or other of these lines, and for most farmers breeding for protein, which gives the corn a higher feeding value, will be most interesting. The methods which the farmer can em- ploy are based upon the relative proportions of the three principal parts of the kernel— the germ; the white, starchy, and the hard, horny por- tions—and by careful examinations of these much can be done without a chemical analysis. All the kernels of an ear of corn are approximately of the same composition, but different ears vary considerably. In making examinations pick out a few kernels and by cutting them into sections with ii sharp knife, study the relative proportions of the three parts, bearing in mind that the germ and the hard, horny portions of the kernel contain the most of the protein and the Avhlte, starchy portion the least. The germ contains most of the oil, the hard, horny portion comes next, and the white, starchy portion contains very little oil. The white, 102 BOATED OF AGRICULTURE, stariliy portions consist almost entii-ely of starch; the hard, horny por- tion comes next, while the germ contains comparatively little starch. The woul(l-l)e corn l)ree(ler must make up his mind to give the work the most careful and persistent attention, and if he does so,, his efforts will surely be crowned with success. Better corn and more bushels per acre should be the watchAvord of this Association. At the close of Prof. Wiancko's address. President McMahau an- nounced that before adjournment for the noon hour, a nominating com- mittee would be selected to nominate officers for the Association for the coming year. Mr. Benjamin, Lake Countj% was selected for the northern part of the State, Mr. E. C. Martindale, Hancock County, for southern Indiana, and Mr. A. O. Lockridge, Greeucastle, for middle Indiana. Mr. Lockridge asked to be excused from serving on the committee, as he felt there Avere others nearer the centre of the State than he, but his objec- tions were not accepted and he was retained as a committeeman. The session then adjourned until 1.15. The afternoon session was called to order by the President a little later than the appointed houi", in Room G7. A report from the nominat- ing committee was read as follows: Mr. President and Gentlemen: Your committee begs to report the following nominations for officers to serve during the coming year: For President, H. F. McMahan; for Seeretarj' and Treasui'er, Scott Meeks, and for Vice-President, B. F. Maish. A vote was taken and resulted in the election of the nominations as they stood. Mr. McMahan said he was glad that he had been re-elected, as he really wanted the place again, in order that he might put forth his best efforts in the direction of the "corn school" to be held the last week in January at Purdue University. He urged every one present to attend the school if possible and to interest others in the work to be done there in order that it might be well attended. It would surely prove beneficial to those interested. For the benefit of those who were anxious to see a sample of corn scored. Prof. AViancko, one of the most capable men in this work, gave an exhibition of "scoring corn" in the hall. It was a very interesting procedure to those who witnessed it, and will prove of value to the farmers. Ml'. George Walker, of Hancock County, had on display a curiosity in the nature of a peculiar growth of popcorn. There were two Avell and perfectly developed ears of rice popcorn growing upon the same stock, the division being at the tip end of the stock, thus separating the ears the full length. THIRTY-SECOND ANNUAL MEETING OF THE Indiana Shorthorn Breeders' Association, January 6 and 7, 1904. E. W. Bowen, President Delphi, Ind. W. F. Christian, Vice-President Indianapolis, Ind. J. E. Silverthorn, Treasurer Kossville, Ind. John G. Gartin, Sec-retarj' Buruey, Ind. FIRST SESSION. The first session was called to order at 2 p. m., January (5, by President E. W. Bowen. Secretary Gartin read tlie minutes of the last annual meeting. On motion the report was received. President Bowen read the following annual address: PIIESI DENT'S ADDRESS. Again liave we assembled in annual session to celebrate for the thirty-second time the birth of tliis Association. Wliile we are all glad to have as many with us today as we have, yet when we stop to con- sider the object of tliis Association and the number of persons that are, or rather ought to be, interested in an assoeiation similar to this, there should be several times as many members as there are. and every mem- ber should be an active worlcer in the interests of the Association and l»r<'seiil at every annual meeting, unless detained for a good and valid reason. Some may be in doubt as to tiie object of tliis Association, but 1 talve it that there can be but one and only one true object of any assdciatiijii, like tills, and that is for the improvement of the Shorthoin cattle. Of course the mctliods lo be pursued in aceoiiiplisliiiig our end and the advisability of pursuing any particular method is open for discus- sion. Init yet the object remains always the same. One of the best ways 13-Agri. -193- 194 BOAIM) OF AOlUCULTURl-:. lo arrive at correct conclusions as to prucedui'c in any course is lu have a full discussion of the matters at hand, so Ihal tlie other fellow may get the beneflt of our ideas and we get tlie l)cnelit of lils, tlins insuring to iiostority the beuelit of all the knowledge gained thmugli tiie several generations and assist it over the rough and i-ugged roads that have already been surmounted and assure to mankind a nearer approach to the ideal in the art of breeding. We all ri^member how the Lord com- mended the widow, not for the money value of her offering, but for the spirit in which it Avas given. Let us, therefore, each and all be ever ready and willing to give such assistance as Ave can, be it great or small, for the good of the cause, thus securing for ourselves the com- mendations of those Avho may follow after, ever remembering that none of us know it all, and that though Ave may think Ave are not suthciently A''ersed to take part in these discussions, yet if we are Avilling to ac- knoAvledge our ignorance and ask questions concerning that which Ave are in doubt about, Ave may thereby prove a blessing in disguise by simply starting a discussion Avhich may prove valuable to tl>e meeting. I give these feAA' simple hints as one who is ahvays ready and Avilling to learn all he can, hoping to l)e able thereby to provoke every person present at this meeting into criticising and discussing every remark I may make, for it is by the discussion of topics and not by the mere ac- ceptance of statements as true that Ave arrive at true knoAvledge. If we had all simply accepted every statement as true, instead of trying to tind out the truth thereof, do you think that tl^ere Avould, have been the im- provement in Shorthorns that there Avas in the last generation or so? True, we are all subject to the frailties of human nature, in other words Ave are all human beings and consequently bound to make mis- takes, so are Ave all ambitious and anxious to make all the money Ave ean, honestly, but Ave should never alloAV our ambitions to lure us from the well-beaten path, Avell beaten from having been trod for genera- tions into Avays or businesses Avith which Ave are unacquainted. We must not forget that old "saAv," "A rolling stone gathers no moss." True there come times in one's life Avhen we have the blues, but no man ever got OA-er the blues by sitting down and brooding over his troubles. The only Avay to do is to buckle your armor on and go at it Avitli reneAved vigor, determined to profit by the experiences in the past, ever remembering that there is a silver lining to every cloud, and though it may be dispelled from view for a little Avhile, yet just as sure as you keep right on in the straight and narrow path and do nut Itecome be- wildered by any mirage that may appear in the distance, but ahvays in the distance, just so sure aa-III the silver lining soon shine forth with reneAA^ed effulgence. Just so in the Shorthorn business. Though the business may not be at as high an ebb as it Avas a feAV years ago, yet just as the tide goes out and then comes back, so Avill the Shorthorn business come back, for every business is governed by the same unerring laAv of SHORTHORN BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION. 11)5 iKituro. Did ever any of you know any business that was tioatecl on the hiyh title of prosiiciMty forever witliout any reverses*/ If you did and can give us tlic naiuc of tliat liusiness. 1 assure you that ere two weeks have rolled aroimd. there will he enough competition in that busi- ness to draw the cloud over that silver lining. I predict that we liave almost, if not quite, dosccnded to the l>ottom of the hill on this side, and that soon we will begin the .-iscent on the otlier. True, the momentum gained from the descent may not caiiy us as high as we weie before, Vmt 1 am sure that no breeder cares for that, as it is always better to be on a sound hnancial basis than to have fictitious prices. So then let none of us become discouraged, but let us all keep right on in the way dictated by our consciences, for that is the l)esl advice to follow, pro- viding we do not allow it to become dwarfed. Tavo years ago, Ix-ing impelled by the success attained tlie preceding year, we decided to offer siiecial premiums on Indiana cattle at our State Fair that j'ear, and your Executive Committee was instructed to re- ceive subscriptions and make out the premium lists along certain lines laid by yourselves. The committee started out with every encouragement and hope of success until it came to receiving responses to our appeals for subscriptions. Well, you all know the result of our elfoiis in that direction, and as it is a delicate subject, 1 will not dwell on it. The only consolation the Executive Committee got out of that year's work was the vote of contideuce given it by a re-election at our last annual meeting. We all hate to retire under tire, no matter what the occasion, ;uid I as- sure you that when the present committee Avas elected that we deter- mined, if possible, to retrieve our fallen prestige and went at it with re- newed vigor, determined that the wishes of tliis Association with refer- ence to these special prizes should be carried out if it were in otu- power. The result of oin- efforts for this last year has already been attested at the last State i'air. not only by the number of animals shown, but by the high (piality of the same. Your (■ than the com- nuttee in charge of both. You will pardon me if I digress a little wlnle on this line of thought to make mention of the splendid showing made by liidiiuiii Shorthorns at 10(! BOAKl) OF AORICrLTlTRE. tlic Iiilcrii;ili(tii;il J.ivc Stock Exposition last iiKUitli. 1 know thai yoii all know, hut lutw many of you have realized that of all the 14(1 pre- niiuuis olTered on hreedinj;' Shorthorns at tliat cxjjosition, forty-two, or nearly one-third of the entire number, were awarded to Indiana Short- horns, and in one class alone, five of the lirst six animals were owned ])y Indiana ])i-eeders. Is not that a record of wliich ever.v citizen of ovn* own heloved State should feel proud, and should it not instill into the heart of every breeder of Shorthorns within the narrow confines of his State a desire to lend to this Association every assistance that they can that it may he the means of further achievements for this Stale? To whom are we indebted for these splendid achievements V Is it not to those who thirty-two years ago joined hands for the support of the Shorthorn banner, and never swervinjj;- from tlieir i)uri)ose. have each year gathered new recruits and set the stand.nd a Utth' higher, but never overreaching, and whose purpose has been to climb the ladder roiuid by round, rather than to make the ascent at one leap? Is it not to those who have ever stood by this standard, no matter what the height, protecting it fiom every foe, that this and all similar associations owes its existence? In closing I want to thank you one and all for the indulgence you have always been willing to show me, and I hope that .von will overlook the many anistakes 1 have made, with my assurance that I have done the best for the Association as 1 saw it. TREASUKEK'S KEPOKT. Seci-etary Gartin read the following report, which on motion was adopted as read: Receipts during the year for niend)ersliip fees and dues .*t;r)( t r>o Expenses during the year, for expense of last meet- ing, printing circular letter, notes, resolutions, stamps, annual report and program 41 50 Balance in Secretary's hands $0 00 The Treasurer reported as follows, ou hand at last meeting: General fund . .$47 11 Unexpended prize fund .17 87 Total !);i(»4 !)S Prize fund collected in llXI.'i ^42S 85 ' Expended prize fund 485 00 Balance in Treasurer's hands — General fund .$47 11 Unexpended prize fund 1 72 Total $48 83 SIloirniOK'V HKEEDKKS ASSOCIATIOX. I'.tT On motion tlii' report of tlu' Trcasnrcr was nvoivcd. rrcsidcnt P.owon: Inasmnch as Dr. Qnick. to wlioni lias been given tile next nuinlier on tlie proj;rani, is not present at tliis session, I shall take the lilierty of appointing a speaker for this time. We have with lis today some Shorthorn breeders who are not members of onr Associa- tion, and who'are not citizens of onr State, bnt as we like to gain all the knowledge we can as to what the breeders of other States are doing, 1 shall ask Mr. R. M. Dunlap, of California, to address us. Mr. R. M. Dnnlap: I am naturally very modest. However. I came here to learn ratlier tlian to teach. I have been in tiic East alxmt two months, and I feel that I have learned a great deal. The California Shorthorn breeders are becoming thoroughly in earnest. Thej* are en- deavoring to breed the modern type of Shorthorns, the low, thick, early maturing kind. I know tliey are looking East all the time for that kind of stock. That is what brought me East. I am trying to take back better cattle than we have. We can raise the other kind very easily; but we are doing too much of it now and are going to stop as soon as we can. President Koweii: The lueeders of tliis State feel proud to know that you have considered Indiana a I'lace in which you can get better Shorthorns than in any other Stat*- in the T'liion. It is indeed an honor of wliich we feel proud. The next address on the program is assigned to Mrs. Virginia C. Meredith. Mrs. Meredith is not present, and I do not know whether she has jirepared an address or not. The discussion on this jiaper was to have l)een led by Capt. John Welsli, who is one of the oldest and best breeders in the State. Captain Welsh lias always, since I have lieen a member of the Association, been present at our meetings and has been ready and willing to do his sliare to make them a success. 1 think the Captain is amiily al>le to supjily the paper off hand as well as lead the discussion, ^^'e would like a few remarks from Captain Welsh. Captain AVelsh: I think tlie cliair is out of oi-der. President I'.oweii: I don't like to appoint a committee to wait on the Captain and bring him to the front. If you will kindly conu' forward and aihlress us. we shall all be glad to hear you. Captain W'llsli: In your rejiort you said we were at tlie bottom of the hill. I sujipose yon meant liy that, that Shorthorns were about as low as they could get V President Roweii: I di got very decent prices for them, too. I don't think I can talk in detail about Sliortlioi-ns. 1 am up against it myself all the time, and should like to liear some of tlie other mem- bers talk upon the subject. Mr. Busby: What about tlie Canadian aui-tion prices? Capt. Welsh: I have the impression That the sales are lower than the prices at which Shortliorns are offered when you go there to look for something good. Mr. Busby: Do the auction prices correspond Avith the prices asked for Shorthorns at priA'ate sales? Capt. Welsh: No. Mr. Busby: Have they been holding back their cattle hoping for higher auction prices in the future? Capt. Welsh: Possibly they have, but I am not in a position to ansAver that properly. By holding back do you mean that tliey don't consign their best Shorthorns to tlie sales? Mr. Busby: Yes, that is what I mean. Capt. Welsh: In talking to the manager of the sale to be held in Hamilton this month, he spoke of the cattle to be auctioned as a great deal better than they have been selling at the private sales. Quite a number of cattle have 1>een brought over this year. This maijager has a number in quarantine now, and about fifty of them he intends taking to a farm and keeping for breeding purposes. He does not propose to sell any of them, but intends to sell their offspring. Some cattle had just been received at the Johnsons. Joshua Strange: I should like to ask the Captain about the standard pf the imported cattle, Why do we keep all the time looking after IiiIt SlIORTlTORN BREEDERS ASSOCIATION. 199 ports? Is the standard higher than our home-bred cattle? We have been importing now for about one hundred years, and I think we should now be able to breed as good cattle as any European country. I once asked a European horse breeder in Chicago why, after we had imported their stock here, they would come back for it, and he said we could put bone on it here that they could not. Now, why do we pay these large prices to other countries when our breeding stock seems to be at the top now? Capt. Welsh: I saw a num1)er of imported cattle in Canada that in our shows rings here would not stand anywhere: they would be so far down you could not see tlu-ni. I am saying this with all due respect to our Canadian friends, but I saw some imported cattle there that sur- prised me to think a man would pay for bringing them over. We saw a number of home-bred cattle there that were as good as anj'^ I have ever seen. The imported stock I saw there were not better than the home- bred I saw there or our home-bred stock. Possibly it is better to bring over some fresh blood uoav and then, and then I think we all know the three letters '"Imp." lu'ings us a little extra price. I am glad that both sides are importing, but I doiTl think any of the imported cattle are superior to our cattle or the Canadian cattle. .Mr. Donley: If we are continually paying out large sums of money for these three letters, wliy do Ave do it? Capt. Welsli: We are not all doing it, but those of us who do, get a lot of money from this stock. Mr. Donley: Why do we do that? Capt. Welsh: That question is on you, I think, Mr, Donley: 1 want to know what you think about it. Capt. Welsh: You ask why we pay more? Because we can sell for more. When a gentleman comes to look through our herds I think we are apt to say, "This is an imported heifer," or "This is an imported cow," I say that, and I think you all do. Mr. Donley: I think we want the cattle that have the greatest merit, whether they are imported or home bred. So far as the best Shorthorn cattle are concerned. I think they are found in the United States. I don't thiidi any country in the world has l)etter cattle with the same treatment. I ihink, too, we have more of them. Mr. Dryden said a year ago he thought tiiere were more good cattle in the United States than anywhere else. I'ndouhtedly Ave will all agree that Shorthorn cat- tle are the Ix'st cattle in tlie world, and if we will leave out this fad of importing cattle, I think we will do even better, het us get down to 200 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. real merit and I think we will do a good business. But if we balloon up with soniothinir that has no foundnfinii. tlie market is apt to oonie down. We ulteii turn down a good homi'-lircd animal and take an imported one that has less merit. Capt. Welsh: We all know how liard it is lo breed a thoroughly good animal, and of course we all want tlie Ix'st. A man will come to you looking for stock and yon will offer liini a heifer foi", say $250. You have animals tliere tliat you would jjrolialtly sell for ,$100. lie Avants to l)uy sonu'tliing clicaper. and yon offer liim tlie .$1(M» animal. Tlien you sell it to liim for ."floo. W"\U llic money yon receive for tliat animal do you as much good as tli(> poor lieifer will do yon liarm? Mr. Donley: From a business standpoint, perliaps not. Capt. Welsh: You know that wlien yon ship that animal away the man who Uouglit it will show it to all liis neighbors, and if they are good judges of cattle they will say "If that is a tliorougldjred, we don't want any of that kind." I don't tldnk that would lie a pi-otitalde sale. Mr. Donley: Perhajts that is the only way tliat man has of bettering his grades. Capt. Welsh: Wiien yon are talking to a young fellow who says to yon, "I want to buy something good, and I shall depend upon your .iudg- ment;" what are yoii going to do m that case? Mr. Donley: He usually has his own judgment al>out such things, and even if he does not make a good bargain the first time, he will know better next time and often makes a first-class judge of cattle later on. Mr. Heagey: I can not quite agree witli tlie Captain. His remarks would lead us to believe that a man should start at the top with expen- sive stock. We have had some experience with people of that kind in our country. We have one man in particular there who started in the Hereford business three years ago. Last wi'ck lie made an assignment. He started at tlie top. If lie had started more modestly he might have been at the top now instead of where he is. I have known quite a num- ber of men Mho started in cattle laising in that way and they all ended as he has. If a man will start at the liottom, Iniy a few not too high- priced cattle, he will pro))al)ly improve them and st:iy in the liusiness. I don't think it is good policy to start at the top in any line. I have been in the Shorthorn business a. long time and I haven't got to the top yet. I make a little money out of it, more than I do out of other cattle, but if I had mortgaged my farm at the beginning to hny high-priced cattle, I should probably be where my friend in tlie Hereford business is. Capt. Welsh: I didn't mean that I thought it best for the beginner to SirORTirORN IJREEDKKS' ASSOCIATIOX. 201 Start at the tpp. I mentioned a heifer at .$•_'.">(> and one at $100 as exam- ples. I don't think $L'ri(t is a very liiiiii price to jiay for a heifer. l)nt yon can get a good animal for tliat prici'. - Mr. Bnsby: I am interested in tlie (incstion tliat was l)ronglit np about the valne of imported stoel<, and wiu'tln'r the imported stoclv has in it value in excess of tlie valne of our home-bred stock. I think the (lues- tion is worthy of consideration. In the records of the International show there is a summarization of the awards given to the imported stock in comparison with tlic nativo stock. 1 think tlic (piestion is partly an- swered. Yon will tiud that the imported stock shared largely in all the awards given. What does that meanV It means that there must be value in that imported stock, or else we had an inferior judge. I as- sume he had an alile judge, and if so, tht're must be something in the im- ported blood that makes it take high rank. Coming to the question that we are in the future to break down any false notions on this subject, how are we to do it? I feel that these tilings are all the working out of natural causes. Opinions get in our minds and they stick there until we are driven from our position through experience. If the ijuported stock is inferior to the native stock, let us show it in the prize ring. I own nothing that is imported. I am exceedingly sorry I do not. l)ut I have not been able to reach that point yet. I have tried to Iniy good native stock, but it seems to me that if we are to break down a notion that is false we must do it in the show ring. I believe it is good for us at this time to feel that imported stock has high value, and if our native stock is to compete with it we must work continually and uniformly to the end of defeating that thing. Mr. Koliliiiis: Tliis seems to be a sort of experience meeting. I think there is nothing really before the meeting. We have had some talk here about how a man should start in the Shorthorn business that is worthy of more cousideralion than has l)een given it. It is a pretty big thing to start in tlie Sliorthorii liusiiicss. :Mr. Ileagey talks of a man starting in with cheap stock rather than with the high-priced stock. I think the history of the successful breeders of the I'uited States will show us that ninety jier cent, of tlu'm started with the cheaper cattle; but after a few years of this experiment, they found out their mistake and started over again with better cattle. There is no doubt that a cheap cow has her place. A man will come to yoin- place and )uiy a cow for .$1(XJ when he can not afford to pay .^.'OO for a cow. He gets his money in a poor bred animal and tlicii Ix'gins to study the different phases of the question as he never studied it l)ef(»re. In a short time he will see that he started wrong and will Imy lietter animals, but he tiever wotdd have bought the I)etter animals if lie had not startt'd with the cheaper ones and become interesti'd in the matter. I don't think anyone in the State is more opposed to the cheaper class of animals than 202 BOATED OF AGRTOULTtTRr.. I am. Ill the public sale uiuu will ol'lon Ijuy animals llioy Imvu no busi- ness with. When they take the animals home thoy lind they have some- thing they should not have. What is sucli a man lo do about itV lie does not advertise, he has no reputation as a hrocdcr and he can not sell the cattle. The result is they are dninpfd into somebody's public sale and the owner gets rid of them in that way. There^ somebody picks them up and they are carried along in tliat way, with their produce. It seems like a hard matter to handle, but it usually results in a man get- ting a taste for something better. Whether the imported cattle are better than our own home-bred cattle, I am not prepared to say, but 1 think it is generally conceded that they bring more money. Go back a few years to tli_e time when the Hereford and the Angus cattle began to encroach upon the Shorthorn cattle, and what had we? We had Amer- ican-bred cattle; we had had no importations for years. As soon as the Hereford and Angus cattle began to come in Ave had to have a new class of Shorthorns to meet them. Consequently, we went to England and Scotland and bought Shorthorns. The record shows that this imported blood mixed with our Americau-bred Shorthorns has produced the best cattle we have ever known. I should say without hesitation, that of tw^o animals of equal individual merit, one imported and the other home-bred, I would give the most for the imported one, because the blood it carries will be of the greatest benefit in our herds. Mr. Donley: But I don't believe in turning down home-bred cattle of superior merit for imported animals. There is no question but that a revolution has been worked in Shorthorn cattle by importations. Mr. Gartin: Mr. Robbins' remarks about the cheap animals, and the fact that ninety per cent, of the successful breeders of Shorthorn cattle today started with the cheaper animals, but had lost time by so doing, are interesting. We have, however, examples that are quite different from that. The lirst three registered cattle our President Bowen ever owned cost him $3,300. That is a case where a man started at the top. I think a man's means should govern, to some extent, his start. Mr. Ileagey spoke of a man who began at the top and failed. I have a friend wiio started at about the same time, but who had means, and he has means today. In the other case, it may have been the fault of the man and not the fault of the business. Mr. Robbins: I do not want to leave the impression that I think it proper to start in with cheap cattle. I think a man makes a mistake when he does that. I spoke of the place the cheap animal occupies. A man often starts with cheap cattle, gets interested in the business, and after a few years makes a new start with good cattle. When we started in the business we bought some cheap cattle, but after a few years we sold them all off and started again with good cattle. I think that is the history of most of the breeders of the United States. SHORTHORN BREEDERS ASSOCIATION. 20S A telegram from Mr. I^ockridge was read by the Secretary, stating that lie was unable to attend the meeting on account of illness. President Boweu: Professor Skinner, of Purdue, asked me to read si communication to the Association. I presume it will explain itself. The Secretary read the following communication from Professor Skinner: "Dear Sir— There is a movement on foot to organize a State Live Stock Association which will include all breeders' asociations (yours- among othei's) in Indiana. "I am enclosing you a statement which briefly explains the object and advantages of such an organization. Will you kindly bring the matter before 5'our members, and if they approve of such an organiza'- tion, appoint a committee of three of your most active, wide-awake memi- bers to meet with a similar committee from other breeders' associations* for the purpose of organizing an association which will be State wide. "Very truly yours, "J. H. SKINNER, "Animal Husbandry. "THE NEED OF A STATE ASSOCIATION IN INDIANA. "In comparing Indiana live stock organizations and interests with those found in other States, one is forced to the conclusion that the State is not only behind others in such matters, but "that live stock men are not taking advantage of their possibilities and opportunities. "In many States there is a wide-awake organization known as the State Improved Live Stock Breeders' Association, which brings together under one constitution and one set of officers all of the ditferent repre- sentative breeders' associations, thus uniting their interests and giving them greater force and power in promoting live stock breeding and im- provement in the State. "Such an organization is not the representative of any one class or breed of animals, Init includes all of the breeders' associations of cattle, hogs, sheep and horses in the State, and sometimes the Corn Growers' Association. It does not, however, do away with these different associa- tions, as they have a place and are desirable for the good of the various breeds and interests. They would still exist as before and would have their own officers, and some time during the annual meetings would hold separate sessions. "Annual meetings are held sometimes at one place, sometimes at an- other, liroad topics of general interest to all live stock men are taken up by practical men of large experience; men like Henry, Curtis, .Jordan, Muniford, Arms))y, Shaw, Kerrick and others, who discuss questions of the greatest importance and interest, such as feeding, breeding and man- 204 BOAUl) OF AGinC'lTLTUUE. at^oiiu'iit. Fi'fc tliscussiuu is I'lij^ii^cd in; tlic pro.mnin is Mrraiigfd so that each of tlie various interests represeiucd. thai is. cattle, lioys, etc.. have a phice. Fretiueiitly one even'iiij? session consists of a luUKiuet, which i»ro- nidtes a((|uaii;taiice and f^ood fellowsliip anionfj: hreeih'vs. .Most of the State a.ssociations liave a le^nslative ai»i»roi)riati()ii wliicli talces care of the necessary expense of the Secretar.v in secnrini; tlie l)est speakers, publishing and distrilmtiiii; auion.u tiie nicmliers an annual report that includes all addresses delivered lieforc the association. This rep(M-t is afterward embodied in the State I'.nard report. "A State Live Stock Association in Indiana would have the following advantages: "1. It would unite the live stock men in a common cause; "2. It would give them standing and much greater influence in fur- thering live stock interests; '•8. It would enable them to secure the best authorities in the United States to discuss before them topics of greatest importance; "4. It would bring lireeders in touch with one another, and promote good fellowship among them; "."). It would encourage young men in the live stock business; "0. It would give them influence with the State Legislature to se- cure needful legislation and appropriations for live stock interests." President Bowen: You have heard the statement, gentlemen. Do you desire to take any action upon it? :Mr. Christian: I move that a committee of three l)e appointed by the chair to meet with the committees appointed by the other associations. The motion was seconded. Mr. Strange: It seems from the reading of the paper that the sepa- rate organizations are expected to hold their identity and hold their meetings as heretofore. Am I correct in this? As to legislative appi-o- priatious for this special organization of stock growers of the State, I don't understand in Avhat way we stand in need of such an appropriation. I see no way in wliich it could be used. We have no disease in the State ro take precautionary measures against. I think the stock business of the State is self-supporting, and the stockmen of the State at the present time are aide to represent their interests without any appropriation from the Legislature. Mr. Gartin: I did not hear of this proposed organization until this letter was laid before me. As he explains it. each organization is to remain separate -and distinct, and each is to hold a meeting as at present. The object of the organization, however, is to gather together all of the people interested in all these subjects. We can then employ good author- ities to talk on the different subjects, and we can get them at a much less cost to each organization. sii()iniioi;.\ i;i;i:ki)Ki;s association'. 2Ur> i'resideut liowfii: You need not In- nfi-.-iid of doiiij; a\v;iy with tliis orfranizatioii. Just as long: as this orfjauizatiou can Hud nu'U who arc willing to assume the rosponsilnlitios of tlio Association, and just as long as the niendiers are willing to pay in money enough to defray the expenses of the meetings of the Association, and just as long as the members of the Association will come to these meetings and participate in the discussions as they liave this afternoon, just so long will this Association be in existence, and no longer, regardless of any other asso- ciations. The motion before the liouse was adopted, and the President appointed the following committees to c-onfer with like committees from other associations on this sul)ject brought up Ity Professor Skinner: W. S. Robbins, Mr. Donley and Mr. Christian. The Secretary read a letter from the secretary of the National Live Stock Association, notifying the Indiana Shorthorn Breeders' Association that they were entitled to six delegates to the National Live Stock Con- vention to l)e convened in Portland. Oregon. January 12th to loth. President Bowen: If any one who is a member of this Association wishes to attend the meeting in Portland, he will be appointed a delegate. It carries witli it paying $."> to the Association. If any nieud)er wishes to go to Portland and would like to be a delegate, I shall appoint him. There is one matter I have had in mind for some time, in fact, ever since I saw the magnilicent show buildings or pavilions on the Illinoi.« State Pair grounds and the Iowa State Fair grounds. I have been think ing how we coidd secure such a pavilion for our State Fair gi'ounds, to be used by exhibitors at our State P'airs who show live stock. We al) know that the State B'oard of Agricidture has a large debt, and from tliat source it would seem at the present time almost impossible to expect tlie erection of such a iiavilion, although I am fiiiuly of the opinion that it would pay for itself within a very short time. As you all know, our State Fair is nearly always blessed with stormy weather, which keeps a great many visitors away. Just how to go about getting this building, I can not say. If we could get our Legislature to appropriate money for this purpose. I tluidv it woidd be a wise thing for them to do: but tliat would cause a delay of at least a year. I liave considered this subj»'ct for some time in all its i)liases, and liave tried to study out some way by which we could secure that siiow pavilion. We are all interested in the State Fair, and ever.v l)reeder of Shorthorns, whether he exhibits or not, is interested in it. If by some means we could get every farmer in the State of Indiana who is interested in this sulgect to contribute a specitied sum — not a large sum, not to exceed a dollar — we could erect on the State Fair grounds a building that woidd lie a credit to the State. Mr. Bobbins: I)o you know tlu' approximate expense of one of those buildingsV 206 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. Mr. Bowen: The Illinois pavilion cost about $40,000 in the first place. This year they made an addition to it. I would say that that building could be built as it stands now for $00,000. Mr. Robbius: We have ninety-two counties in the State. That would take about $500 out of every county. Mr. Bowen I would guarantee to raise $500 in our county. Mr. Kobbius: I would guarantee to raise it in our county. Right here now is a matter for your State association. This is a matter that would be of interest to all, or at least in which all cattle and horse breeders would be interested. Mr. Christian: The way to get at it is to get this Association of all the breeders. They are all as much interested in this matter as we are. President Bowen: It might not be a bad idea for you gentlemen to go before the committee and say: "We will join you if you will give us the pavilion." The session was then adjourned, SECOND SESSION. The second session of the Indiana Shorthorn Breeders' Association was called to order at 7:30 p. m., by President Bowen. President Bowen read a letter from Mrs. Virginia C. Meredith, in which she said that owing to a conflict of dates and a misunderstanding as to the time of the Indiana meeting, she would not be able to be present. President Bowen: Dr. Quick is now present, and we would like to hear the paper that was omitted at this afternoon session. Dr. Quick: Your President has said tliat you would like to hear me read a paper. I am afraid you are going to be disappointed, because I have been unable to prepare a paper. However, I may be able to say somethin,g that will interest you. The subject assigned me is, "Why 1 Became Interested in Breeding Shorthorns." It may l)e hackneyed to say that the old year is gone and that the new year is on. I once heard it stated that it was a queer state of affairs that would cause the official in charge of the palace of a king, Avhere the old king might be lying at the point of death, and the populace had gathered around the palace anxious to hear of his condition, for that officer to come forth on the balcony and announce to the. people, "The king is dead," and then after a quarter of an hour the same officer should appear in the same place and say, "Long live the king!" The king he alluded to, of course, beinj,^ the new king. SHORTHORN BRKEDERs' ASSOCIATION. 207 It is about the same way with the Sliorthorn breeder; the old herd has beeu dispersed and the new herd has been started. Most of you present know that a few years ago we sold our farm and dispersed our herd. The next spring we started a new herd. We gathered together just what we cared to select of the blood of the herd we had dispersed. It is a pleasing thing to realize that one is in a line of business he feels justified in following; that there is a sufficient return for following that business; that there is enough pleasure in it or that the hobby is sweet enough for him to wish to continue it. We feel justified in continuing in the business of breeding Shorthorns. It is said that the majority of men in this country, when they reach their majority, are either Democrats or Repub- licans according as their fathers haA'e been Democrats or Republicans. Now it does seem that the sons who follow their fathers in a rural occupation follow very closely in his line. If the father is a horsebreeder the son is apt to continue in that line; if a cattle breeder, he is apt to breed the same class of cattle. The fact that I am breeding Shorthorns in association with my father and two brothers would indicate that my father has had great influence in first directing my attention and my love to that class of cattle. There is still another reason, which reason also explains why I am now interested in that line of breeding. That particular cause is one that interests everyone of us— the pocketbook. If you are in a business you can get satisfactory returns out of, you are apt to stay in that business. Such has been the business of my life in relation to the breeding of Shorthorn cattle. I believe the vicissitudes of cattle breeding are not greater than any other vocation commonly fol- lowed. In fact, I do not believe they are as good, especially if you are breeding Shorthorns. Even if there Avere Hereford Ijreeders here, or breeders of any other class of cattle, I would naturally advocate the good old red, white and roan, because I believe in them. As I said before, there are perhaps less vicissitudes in breeding Shorthorn cattle than in Itreeding any other class. It is true that we sometimes buy at very high prices and fail to realize on those particular animals, but that is true of any undertaking or business, it matters not what it is. It is but a short time since the Rates blood was considered the strongest. Time passed along until this condition of affairs clianged with the particular lypcs of rattle, and the type of cattle that pleased the people was that type which matured early and were good feeders. This caused the intro- duction of Scotch cattle into this country. These cattle commenced ooniing to America, and by the introduction of this blood into the Rates JK-rd you all know that the Siiorihorn of the T'nited States were greatly improved. If we could get from the fountain head the pure Scotch blood, that would be considered the acme of our desires. If we had a pure Sootfh bull and nur herd was .Vmeritan. the oft'si)ring of that herd would be half Scotcli. We know tliat frcipu'utly salfs have been adver- tised as all Scotch. I rtMiicmlM-i- mm advertisement that appeared In the 208 BOAKl) OK AUKICULTDUE. IJrtH'dcrs' (lazrltf m .vt-ai- <>r two a.uo ol' Hit- sale dI' Scdicli cattle. People went tliciv to Imy hulls to ptit witli tlicir licids. This was ddiie with !l view of In-iufjiuf; their herds up to the top noteh. rerlectiou was wliiU we souulit. and what every breeder seeks. It matters not whether it Ik in the i)reediiig of dairy eattle or l)eel' cattle, wi' all want perfection. I think there is a pos.sihility of ii nian >;oiii.i; too far in his use of certain lines of blood. While it may lie i)ossible to ;:o on and further develop the herds, at the same time we must l)e very carefid in doinu lids or we will }xo a step too far, or make some mistake in our breedinji' that will cause the herds to retrograde instead of go on and develop. We should study more than ever before the mating of our animals, and not cause them to l>reed less valuably than they have been breedinu. It is a great study and an interesting one. The (juestion with me has loug been a study from the standpoint particularly of the condition in which the herd should be kept for the best breeding purpcses. I believe that is a (piestion Avith all of us. 1 think many of us go on and develop animals for the show, but I think we often impair the l)reeding ai)ility of the cattle Ave have in our herds by doing so. I think this is more frequently the case with the females of the herd than with the males, providing the male that is developed in this way is given sutticieiit exercise all the time, I do not know that all of you feel as I do, but I know some of yo\i do. Some of us feel that the breeding and nutting and selection of our hei'ds is one of the most interesting matters that come to us. One of the greatest pleasures I have is studying the breeding and lineage of our herd, and determining what kind of mating should be made. 1 think there is too much carelessness in the mating of our cattle. We feel that it is all right if we have a good bull, one that has cost enough money to assure us he is all right and is a good individual, and so we take him and breed him to every cow on the farm. That is a mistake. We may have a young bull on the farm that may be more advantageous to breed to cows of some kinds than the regular hull. If Ave send our coAvs to a bull that suits us and that Ave think Avill make the proper niating Avith our coavs, it Avill be to the advantage of the entire herd. Of course, we can not all keep four or five bulls, but it stands to reason that if Ave have four or five types of coavs it is not advantageous to breed them all to one bull. Of i-ecent years an improvement — considered so, at least, by a great many Shorthorn breeders— is being made by the selec- tion and careful mating of the animals in the herd. What can be done in this line is illustrated in the development of the Polled Angus breed, In other Avords. the developing of a breed Avithout horns. We all knoAV about this, and it is not Avorth Avhile going into details, I simply call your attention to it. This is brought about, how? By a careful study of the selection and mating of the animals Avithout horns, or with A'ery small horns. I am not here to advocate that Avhich a great many think is not the best thing to do, but if Ave can do that, if we can breed these KIIOUTIIOKN IJHEKDKKS* ASSOCIATION. 209 horns off jiiid dcvcloi* fli<' cattU- to suit ourselves in the matter of horns; if we liave taken the hjnj; h'gs off the Bates eattle. then what may we not do by takiuj;' certain tyjtes that are satisfaetory and mating them with certain types of bulls tliat aic satisfactory, iind if tlie result gives you the right kind of offs|)i'ing. continue in that line. Now it sometimes hapitens that yuu may get your ideal of a calf from a certain favcjrite tdw anil a certjiin l»ull: Imt perhaps that same cow has never done just what you iiiou;:lit siic ouglit to oru and reared on a breeding farm, and my father before me was reared on a similar farm, for liis father was a Shorthorn breeder. 1 believe a great deal depends upon the way a boy is started out; I think that deternnnes largely what -course he will follow and what he will give the greatest attention to in after life. I think also that his success will depend largely upon whether he is started in the right line or not. and wliether he devotes hiniself to the business in which he has had his early training. If he is in the Shorthorn business and can adhere to that Imsiness devotedly, I l)elieve he will succeed. I belive there is no other line of stock that will give as great returns with proper handling, taking one year witli another, as the breeding of Shorthorn cattle. I am sorry I did not have time to give you a cut and dried paper, but have given you the Itest 1 could in an informal talk along these iines. President I'.nwen: Sometimes a m.-in makes ji l)etter e.xtemporani'ous speech than if lie writes it. I know we have all enjoyed I>r. Quick's talk. The ne.\t lajicr was to have iM'en read by .Mr. I>o<'kridge. We know from the lelegr.ini re.id here this afternoon why he can not be i)resent. However, we should lik«' to hear from Mr. Uobbins. who is on the pro- griini to lead the di.scu.ssion on this subject. Mr. Uobbins: I shall answer th:it l>y saying we should all do all we can for St. Louis. The record of Indiana in leading shows Inis been ijuch that we can not afford to do anything but put our best efforts for- li—Agr>- i'lO I!itAi;l» <»K AClMcri.TtTRT:. Avunl I'di- till- sli(»\v iliMl is Id he iiiatlf in Si. I.miis this yc;ir. Iii(li:iii:i has ijci'ii lookcil uitoii as a rciitiT fur {^imil SliDit lioni talllf. I lliiuk we ixvt our sluiit' of tlu- good huyi'is from a (listaiicc for Sliortliorii lattl*'. Jiutl I think tile principal rfastiii why we get thi-si- Imycrs is hccaiisc wi> have had Ihc liesl at tlic shows. St. I.ouis offers aiioiiiiT oppori unity To show the best we have, and it oidy remains for tlie Indiana hieeih'is Jo take hohl of the matter i)roi»erly to make another fnrward step and ndd to the reimtatiou we ahcady liave. l>r. (Juick: '1 hr coniiuissioiicr in llie (h'liart niciit of Ilic dairy Siiort- liorn ehisses is quite active now in going over tlic idinitiy looking for dairy Shorthorns. He has piohalily visited a nuinlier oi' your herds, lie has visited ours and has made a selection of •three animals there, and if they come on all right he thinks he will i»e Justified in sending them to the .show. W'v, ourselves, liavc not tiiought iniicli of making any other sliow. but he was so earnest in his I'ciiuest that these cows be sent that we intend to comply with it. 1 believe we should all do what we cnn for this show. I believe we should give some? special attention to the dairy show. "We take no little pride in the fact that tiic Sli(»itliorn Durham is a good breed for the dairy. 1 know one gentleman who has received large returns as a result of his successful showing at the World's Fair and the winning of two or three prizes with good representative dairy Shorthorns. None of us can lose anything liy h('l]iing tliis sliow and making an exhil>it. We may .go there and not get a prize, but we will come out ahead in the long run simply from the fact tliat we have made an exhibit. Mr. Tom Christian: 1 think we sliould all lix up tnw best cattle and shoAV them there. We can not lose liy this even if we do not win any prizes. If we do not go out and show peoide what we have tlicy will never find it out. Mr. Hadley: I don't like to hear people say. "If you don't win any- thing." I say tliat Indiana is cajiable of taking the very cream, and all that is necessary to d() it is to iiil fortli a little extra effort to liring back from St. Louis the very cream of the pieniinnis for Shorthorn herds. We have herds in this State that will do that if tlu-y are taken there. I like to see a spirit of "We are going out rlieie to get a ])iece of it." President Bowen: I presume the gentlemen are a little modest when they make these statements. .Mr. (Jiiick, Sr.: I am a Hoosier; I was l)Oiii in Indiana and I am proud of it. I feel as though Imliana is pretty near tlie center of the universe. I have traveled a good deal over the 1 nited Slates, have been in most of the States of the rnion. and 1 always think when I get back to Indiana that no other place excels it. I don't think any other State has better Shorthoin cattle than Indiana has. I am one of the SHORTHORN BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION. 211 pioneers in tlie breeding of Hhortliorns in this State. At tirst, we used to have t.o go to Kentucky for our Sliorthorns. I remember hearing old- Uncle Jerry Woodruff say that would probably always be the case be- cause the wealth was there, the blue grass was there, and there were other things that coufa not be approached in this State. I said I thought he was mistaken. Today Kentucky is coming to Indiana for Shorthorns, and they have l)een doing it for years. They are also coming here from Illinois for these cattle. This shows iliat we are tlie hub of the universe, as far as Shortliorn cattle are concerned. Our Ijrecders and exhiltitors have been carrj-ing off the ribbons from all the States around us. This proves that Ave have the best stock, and that we know how to lireed and feed and take care of tliem. I liavc no lear but there will be a big Indiana exhibit at the St. Louis I'air. There ought to be, and I feel that there will be. I'resident Bowen: Of course you haxc not forgotten tliat the seed that started the blue grass pastures in Kentucky came from Carroll^ County, Indiana, or if not from Carroll County direct, it came from Battle- Ground, Avhich is near there. We will now hear Professor William Hill, of Chicago University, on< "My Experience with Eusdage." President Bowen: :Mi-. Hill is a lireeder of Shorthorns, and lias a stock farm near Carthage, this State. Chicago has come to Indiana for its professors, as well as for other things. Professor Hill: This is the tirst tiiue I have had the pleasure of meet- ing with you, and I am afraid that what I shall say will not carry the weight it would if I had been able to conduct my experiments in a more systematic manner. I have been farming by proxy for some four yeurs. Up to date I am still under .Mr. P.ryan's definition of an agricul- turist. I am an agriculturist instead of a farmer. His di'finition is that an agriculturist is one who makes his money in town and spends it in the country, and a farmer is one who makes his money in tlie country and spends it in town. Up to this time I have had to make my money in the University. Like l>r. Quick. I get a good deal of plea.sure out of the breeding of Shorthorns. I got into the business, in a way, accidentally. The prolileiii (tf retaining soil fertility is a problem that appeals to nie. .My wife liapiieiied to inherit sonu' land, and that land was not very productive under the ordinary tenant method of farming. Although it is good land it had not. under the tenant management, yielded more than one or two per cent, on the investment. Five years ago I undertook the management of the land. I began with a small herd of dairy cattle. I had some Jerseys and some Shorthorns. I kept recitrd of tlie milk pro- duced I»y both, and found for a year that my Shorthorns produced lifty per cent, more milk tiian my Jerseys. I was selling milk by tlie iiuantlty.. 212 • , i;(i.\i;i> oi' .\(ii;i< 1 i.ii'iii-,. uol liy llic luitlcr r.il contents. I iiiiulo (luitc m scai-cli I'nv (hiiiy Sliort- lidiiis. 1 wrote to a ^'reat many Itreeders askinjr if lliey had any Short- horn eatth' for sale, and asking for l)nlls of tlie milUiiifi strain. In only one or two ]»laces did I find any acctirate information in rejjard to the dairy qualities of tiie eattle. As tlic dairy business did not prove very satisfactory or prolital)le, I decidi-d to fxo into Die Slioitliorn business and let tiie calves do the milidn;;-. 11 was wliile I was in the dairy business that 1 became interested in the (lucstioii of ensilage. 1 think v«-ry likely if 1 liad ,i;i)ne into the Sliorllioni Imsincss in the ordinary way 1 mi.iiiit iiave done as most of you liave done in reference to the silo— done without it. As a dairy ration 1 thiidc silafj;e is jtarticnlarly desirable. As we had the silo when Ave began the Shorthorn business, we natuially used it. and it is the results we have obtained by the use of silajie I am to speak of this evening;. 1 shall speak very lirietly on the subjet-t. and merely refer you to the best literature availal)le on the matter of construction of silos. There is a l)ulletin or two published by our State, anotln-r l)y the Wlsc(»nsin station, whieh I think will l)e sent to anyone who Avill pay the i-ostajie. These l»ulletins jrive very full accounts of the cost of construction, the dift'erent kinds of construction and the results obtained. There are two problems to be considered, one of which is tlu' initial cost and tlie other is tlie durability of the silo. The two kinds most commoidy usi'd are the .sijuare silo and the hoop silo. Twenty years ajio or more when we first constructed silos they were scjuare. There are tAvo thinj,'s necessary in making a good silo, or perhaps I mi;,dit say there is one principle and two ways of conforming to that re(iuirement. The essential reipiisite is the exclusion of the air. The process is precisely that of cauuiufi fruit. You must take your corn or sorghum at the stage when its feeding qualities are best and put it in an air-tight compartment and keep the air away from it. When you take it out for feeding it is in about the same condition as Avhen you put it in the silo. The two methods by which you i)ractically exclude the air are by making your silo deep and i-ouiul. If you make it square there Avill lie places at the coi-ners wliere the silage will not pack suffi- ciently to exclude the air. and you will always find silage in the corners that is spoiled. If you make it round it is easy enough to make it strong enough to withstand the pressure, ami there will be no spoiled silage in the corners. Make your silo round and make it deep. The stave con- struction is a good one. The tirst silo we built has been tilled four times, and shows very little signs of decay, and there has never been any apprecialjle loss in the silo. A little air will sometimes get down next the wall, and in such places there Avill be a little mouldy silage. Our silo is forty feet deep and twenty feet in diameter. It will hold forty acres of corn. The silage is better towards the bottom than at the top. We have always begun feeding immediately after tilling the silo. We cut the feed and carrv it to our cattle in the summer time, and feed them out SHORTHORN BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION. 'l 1 -"i of the silo the rest of the tiiiic We have a little pasture, hut uot a ;,'real deal. The e.xpeu.se of a hoop silo is imt very nuuh. Ours is built in the center of a barn, and did not cost over .$ir)(). Wo built one 14x30 and one IHxW this fall. The expense of l)uildinj: a silo that will hold one hundred tons will not exceed .$l(Mi. !• or a silo that will hold :')li() tons the cost will not be more than .">l.">(t. The oidy ditticulty with a larj^e silo is that it makes necessary a larjre herd. You must have a herd larj4:e enough to feed off oiu' layer of silage every day. especially in warn) weather. A silo 20 feet in diameter and 4U feet deep has fed for us a herd of tifty or sixty cattle for eight or nine months in tlie year. We usually feed out of the silo from the tirst of Septeml)er mitil June. Oiu- method of feeding is this: We run a corn Ijinder and cut the corn. Sometimes we have bound it. sometimes we have not. If you don't bind it you will save tlic twine, liut we think we .save enough labor handling it to pay for the twine, so we now bind it. We begin to cut the corn at the time it will make the best fodder. Get the ears as rijie as possible, and still allow the leaves to retain enough (»f their succulence to be palatalile to the cattle. This fall we were late in tilling one silo, niul tilled the last of it from the shock, so had to put a good deal of water on it. Even this is preferable to ordinary sluedded corn. We have tried various stages, from the milk stage to the shock stage, and our experience has shown that tiie best time to put it in the silo is when the corn is rcaily for the shock. We cut the corn with a binder. We have three wagons in the Held at a time, one nnin to each wagon and one man extra in the tidd and one man to feed the machine, making a force which, with the fuel and other expenses, costs us a 1 tout %'1T\ a day. Wc liavc tilled the big silo in seven days. If we till it in that time the cost is about sixty cents a ton. I think with a goid force and everything going well the silage can be jiut into the silo for Hfty to sixty cents a ton on our farm. iSonie men may do it chcaiter and some may make it cost inori'. We hire everything done and i ay $1.r>0 a day for lal>or. (Jur lirst exiieri- ence with silage was in feearn. \\'e have had no cases since. Mr. Knsl»y: 1 ihinl< tlie cost of lilliui;' a silo can he veiy materially reduced from tlic hiiures you yive h.v .judicious cond)ination in a com- munity. 1 lia\f a silo, and liy coniliiniiiu wiili m.v l)rother and a iieigh- lioi'. we jiui it up foi- les.s than you do. P>y comliination we are al)le to till our silos at a \rvy small expense outside of the ordinary help on the farm. We till a silo of seventy-tive tons in oiu- day. Last year 1 raised aiiout two liusliels to one I raised on my farm tliis year, and yet 1 am wintering more cattle now than I wintered last year, and at this time I have more hay and corn in prospect than I had a year ago. This is on account of the silage. M'ith hut about half the yield of corn, I expect to come out as well as 1 did last year, and 1 liave a few more head of cattle. I did nof have the silo last year. ^ Dr. Quick: In feeding from the silo, stress ought to be laid upon the question of dry feed to go with it. .My first exptyience with feeding silage was with pea silage in Colorado. We also tested alfalfa and clover hay. Unless you feed some dry feed— and it is not Avise to have that always bran— it should be richened up with corn meal in order to keep the bulls in proper condition'. We usually feed grown ainmals about fifteen or eighteen pounds of the silage. They will eat more than this, but you can soon get them so they will not injure themselves, and can give the silage to them ad lil)itum, lint it is not advisable to do so for four or five weeks. When they first get the taste and like it. the appetite is abnormal. They will overeat a Avhile and then iierhaps re.lect it. This, hoAvever, is only for the first few months. Professor Hill: At first we do not give them all they will eat, but Ave have never given silage to an animal that has not taken to it greedily. We allowance tlicm at lirst and kee]) on increasing the amount. Mr. Busby: I notice that if I am a little negligeiU about salt, they get a little off on theii' silage feed. Dr. Quick: AVe salt tlie cows giving nulk once a day. Professor Hill: You can mix the l)ran or meal or any I'vvd you are giving them. I think they like it better. Professor Skinner: IIoav many men here are using silage on their farms? It seems to me it is a significant fact that the Shorthorn men are discussing the (h>rs. I am in favor of j^oinj^ on with the State chiss. Secretary Gartin: I met one of the members of the State Board this afternoon. .Mr. XildaeU, of Vincennes, and lohl him I wanted to ecu- jiratulate him (ui his re-election. I told him 1 felt if it had not been for him. Ilie Indi.-inn breeders wouhl not liave secured the $500 for this sjjecial class. 1 can now say the same to Col. Wallace. They worked hard to get this State class. We raised the money and divided the l)remiums so as to utilize the .$1,000, .f^oOO of which came from our State l)reeders. ;ind .S.liKi from the State I'.oard. All of that fmid except $30 was shown for and won. ]Most of the animals that won that money stood in the prize list at tlie International. I think the State class is a beneht to the young breeders. I made an exhibit of a full herd of Shorthorns at the Indiana State Fair in IS'.Ki. and won, as I thought, a full share of the premiums. We sold our cattle about that time, and I ■was not interested in Shorthorns again until the last three or four years. When Ave Avere making this class, I was in favor of making it open to Indiana exhibitors. Dr. (^)iiick: I think the State class is a very g(M)d thing and has done much to bring out breeders to the front. There is no (luestion that the State Fair has started calves to the International that never would have gotten there if it had not been for the State class.. The owner takes a calf into good company and finds out that he belongs there. I think the State class should be continued. Mr. Robbins: The best way to test this is to see how much money •we can make up here tonight. There is only one drawback to this State Fair class this year, and that is, it is going to clash with the dates in St. Louis, and I don't know wbether it is advisable to try to make a State class or not. Col. Wallace: Why not? Mr. Bobbins: Simply for the fact that Ave want to get everything possible centered in St. Louis. Col. Wallace: But Ave have also Indiana to look after. The shoAv at St. Louis is going to l)e made by the old men and the men prominent in the business, and those you can count on the fingers of your two hands. In this State you can count them on one hand. What I Avant to do if we get this fair, is to get a lot of younger men to shoAV their cattle here. I believe Ave will get our exhibitors from an entirely new class of people. I dcm't say that Avith any disrespect to our older shoAv men, and if I have any say in the matter, I don't propose to consider St. Louis at all. St. Louis is not going to assist lis in any Avay; slie is SHOKTHOKN BREEDEKs' ASSOCIATION. 219 not jjoiiin to assist us in fretting cattle, or iu getting a crowd. We must stand right on our own bottom in this tight, and wc will go out and get the cattle, and we have them here in this State. Dr. Quick: .Mi'. Kobhins is right: if the State Fair show and the cattle show at St. Louis occur at the same time, we Avill all want to l)e iu St. Louis. I don't think the State Board would think of placing the time for the show of cattle here the same week as the show at the World's Fair. Col. Wallace: There is a State Fair circuit. We went up to Chicago, and we found out after a few luiuutes that as far as Indiana is cou- cei-ned. they had put us down for a date and Ave Avould have to take it and look pleasant al)out it. whether we liked it or not. Tliat gave us the week of the thirteenth. Indiana day at the St. Louis Fair is the tif- teenth. I wanted to have the Aveek of the fifth, but here is Anderson, CraAvfordsville and Shelbyville with county fairs. These are the ques- tions that are confronting us now, in addition to the (piestiou of Avhethcr Ave are te have a fair at all or not. We can not e.xpect a croAvd during IndiaiKi Day Aveek: everybody Avill Avant to go to St. Louis that AA'eek. The railroads are going to give splendid rates, and they Avill do every- thing in their poAA'er to take tlie croAvd there. We are l)etAveen the devil and the deep sea. Then there is the cattle shoAv at St. Louis. Noav to come l)ack to the original iiroposition I made. If I had the say-so about the Indiana Fair. I Avould not consult anyone. I Avould take the week that suited me best and go out and fight for the exhibits, and go on and give the best State Fair possible. As it is, we have been kicked around betAveen Illinois, Ohio, Kentucky and NeAV York until Ave have no home and Ave have no dates except Avhat they Avant to give us. They want to dictate to us Avhat Ave shall have, I don't see Avhy Indiana can not hold a fair the same Aveek Xcav York does. But someb«)dy said that we Avonld get a train load of exhibits from Noav York. These questions have come up until I<; have gotten to the point Avhere I think Ave should have our State Fair without consulting anybody. Why not have the date the last week iu August? Mr, Hadley: That conflicts Avilh oliio's dates. Col. AVallace: And in Septcuibei- Ave come into conflict Avith the county fairs. One member said we were under obligations to the county fairs, because they are the fellows that elect us. I thought it best to folloAv Ohio and take the Aveek of the flfth. Mr. Iladley: Even if you had your dates, you don't know Avhether you can have your fair oi* not. Presidi-nl r.owcn: It semis to iiic the State I'.oard of Agriculture is put in to decide upon the dates for the State I'.-iir. regardless of what any 22.0 BOARD OF AGKICULTrKE. p.irl iciil.-ir iiulix iduiil iiii.ulit say. Tlicy should select the date tliat Itest suits their purpose. AN'liat sliall that date l)eV The purpose of the State I'air is to jret the largest and liest line of e.xhihits that can lie secured. Our State Fairs are not sujiiiosed to lie uiveii for any jiarticular i)erson. They are sujiposed to h(> j:iveii for the beiietit of the citizens of the Stat*' of Indiana, so that the citizens can yo there and se(> the ideal in any particular line. I thiiUc ("ol. Wallace struck the keynote wlieii he said we oujiht to ixo aliead and set our date icuardless of anyliody else. l'>ut in seh'ctin.u- that date, we nuist take into consideration the nuiulier and the e summer season we supplement the blue giass with green crops, such as c orn. sorglmm and soy Iteans. as it is very imjiortant to have the show animal eat as much green food as i»ossible. so tli.it ilic grain ration may lie cut down. .\t no time should llie aninnd be neglected, but where it is kept on high feed it may be well during the second and third summers to cut the grain ration down to a nunimum. and tints re(iuire the aiumal to take more grass and green feed and so rest tlie digestive organs. ('onst;inl .itlentioii lo the needs of «'acli individual will l»e necessary in ordi'r tliat they may not lose flesh. A pair of scales is the best guide in this matter. My aim has b(>en to put most of the flesh on during the winter, as it is much easier dom^ then. To do this, and at tiie s;ime time not overtlo it, is desir.-ible but ditHcult. just as it is hard to have the steer right when you want him. One shoidd etideavor to jiroduce the greater part of the bone ;ind frame 224 BOARD OF AGRTCTJLTURE. ill the first hiilf of tlio stoor's life. After this time, attention should Ijc (lire«teil more pjirtieulMrly to the hiyin^' of flesh and fat, as these are of prime importance when it comes to the show ring or shambles. It is easy to feed a yearling and bring him out smooth and well-tleshed, but when it eoines to a two-yeiir-old tlie problem is more diftictdt, as many steers of this age beeonie patchy and roll or get liabl^y unless these points are successfully guarded by careful feeding and plenty of exercise. As the .show approaches, it is generally necessary to give steers a daily walk of a half to one hour in order to give them a good appetite, harden them up and strengthen their legs and keep them from getting foot-sore. During the last three or four montlis the coat should receive careful at- tention as to grooming, washing, blanketing and exposure, as a good coat not only lends to the appearance, but covers many defects, where properly handled. These are points that can only l)e attained Ijy careful study of your animals, constant attention to their needs and comfort, and even then, a man may fail in his efforts to bring his steers out in the pink of condition. I will say that we feel pretty well over what we did with Shorthorn!; at the International. This has already had its effect on the university. I say it is hard for me to tell ,you just how to feed a steer, because all steers are not just alike and will not require the same kind of feeding. I can't say to you that you must feed so much Ijran and so much ^rain at each feeding. In my paper I have tried to mention the particular things. Some steers are difficult to feed. Ours was one of that kind. If you changed his diet it would make him nervous, yet, at the Interna- tional he did tine, and he was one of those fellows that would show it if you made any changes with him, or if you changed his diet. Our steer was not in a very good condition a month l>efore the show, but we studied feeds, the amoimt of exercise, etc., and paid a great deal of atten- tion to the little points. We must give a good deal of credit to the man that fed this steer. Of course I made suggestions as to the feed and methods, and how much exerci.se he should have, and called his attention to several points that are too often ignored l)y expert feeders. I do not mean to .say that we have done anything great, but I feel that we showed the right type of steer at the International— we showed the right type of Shorthorn steer, and was bred in Indiana, and fed in Indiana. We must not send inferior fellows, for good steers will sell Shorthorn cattle. I thank you for coming before me. and should ])e pleased to answer any questions that you may ask. I should like to hear this paper discussed. I know some of you will take exceptions to it, Imt I am here to defend anything that I have said. Vice-President Christian: Gentlemen. I hope that you will discuss this paper. It is very important. 1 see that Mr. Luther Moorman was to discuss it— was assigned to discuss it, but he is not here, and I hope every member present will express themselves. This .is something that I snoRTHOKN breeders' association. 225 have been advocating for years, and if we expect to stay to the front we will have to bring out good steers. 1 want to hear from all of you now. Mr. Bradfute, we would like to hear from you. Mr. Bradfute, of Ohio: Mr. Chairman, I did not know whether or not a man from another State could feel at home in a meeting of this kind; however, 1 am of the opinion tliat whatever is good for a Short- horn steer is good for an Angus steer, and one thing that induced me to accept the invitation to come to this meeting was the very attractive program you have put out for this week. I have certainly profited from the time that 1 have been able to drop into your meetings, and have en- joyed being present with you. I have certainly enjoyed the paper to which I have just listened, and I think I have profited by it. I can agree with almost every word that I'rofessor Skinner has uttered on this suljject. It has always seemed strange to me that Shorthorn men with the large number of cattle they have, have not pushed the steer question more than they have. It has been my good fortune to begin with a calf that was a champion. I have a letter from .John Clay in my pocket in which he says it is the best steer he has ever seen in his life. I want to say this to you Shorthorn men. There has been no work which we have undertaken which has brought as much advertising as the feeding of that particular steer. It doesn't seem to make much difference where I have gone in the past two or three years, I am asked about that calf. When I come to the Indiana State Fair— this is the first year we have missed for a number of years, we have only missed three fairs in sixteen years— but when I come over here, nine meff out of ten, whether Angus or Shorthorn men, always ask about how the steer is doing. That is the main question. What is the steer doing? I want to say again to you Shorthorn men that you can't put out better advertising than a good winning steer. We now have a show where every one has a chance to show what they have in the steer line, and prove what thej' can do. This show was established to give good men a chance to show good animals. I want to emphasize the point made by Professor Skinner on the use of the scales. It has been our custom to weigh our steers at least every two weeks, and we always try to weigh the animals under the same conditions. If you want them to be light weight, of course j'ou can weigh them when the conditions arje right, and if you decide you want them heavy weight, of course the time to weigh is just after they have "Ijeen at the water tank, but this is not the correct way of doing. You ought to weigh the animal at the same time each day, as near as pos- sible, and imder the same conditions, and in this way you can tell just what he is doing. There are times that you can not tell what he is doing, xniless you weigh liijn. It is easy to l>e fooled on one of these fellows, and you may tliink he is getting ah)ng tine and when j'ou weigh him, find out that you were entirely mistaken after you have made two or three weights. Some cattle are of the mincey kind and are hard to feed. We 16-Agri. 220 lio.M.'l) oK A(iliI(LI,rn{K. li.i\(' had .1 few of that kind, hut we dou't considt'i- it very jiood policy to undiTtnkv lo make a w iiiiici- out of that kind of a steer. I'rol'essor Skinner says that tlicii- winner was a steer of this kind, and on that accomit 1 tliiid< he (h'scrvcs moro eredit than otherwise. It is ditKeidt to carry a st«'er of that kind. I'ossiidy a week when you think you will do fifeat tliin,L;s with liiin will lie the week when he is off and you won't accoinidisli a tliinji'. 1 wish also to I'inpliasize the point of exercise. 1 am (piite sure tliat most steers (lo not receive eiiouj^h exercise. It is \cry iiuportaiit that they should, especially for tlie last two or three incuiths. During the cold weather especially tliey need exercise, for they are likely to stay indoors and become somewhat dormant. You can imaKiue how you fellows would feel if you were to sit in this room for about a week without fit^ttiufr out in the open air. I l)elieve that wheu you went home you would feel pretty had, and prol)abIy have a severe cold, or something of the sort. The steer must not lie allowed to be con- tiiu'd closely, ami must have plenty of exercise. They should have a long walk every moruiny. I find that a good time is in the early morning about nine o'clot-k, l)Ut before breakfast Avould be better, but I have a good deal of feeding to do and can't attend to this at that time. We must also pay attention to detail work. Everything will help something with the Judge. P^very little touch that will add to the appearance will help with the .ludge. A good coat of hair will (over many defects. The Judge will say if so and so, was so and so, I would have put you first, but they keep putting us down until we are tliird or fourth, and possibly lower than that and down below the money. Sometimes you stand twenty-tifth or thirtieth, until wheu you get to ten you feel as if you were getting up some. \\'hen you are this low, there are lots of good animals below you. I think 1 have said all I should say. I want to (ompliment Professor Skinner on his excellent paper, and emphasize the attention that should be given to detail work. I want you Shorthorn men to arouse j'ourselves. You are doing l)etter this year than you did last, but there is still room for improvement. Your exhibit at the tirst two Intertiationals was a discredit to your name. Mr. President, am I talking too sharp? .Mr. President: No. go right on; that is good for us. Mr. Bradfute: .My grandfatluM- was the first Shorthorn luan in our (orutry. and my father was one. and I was one until Twenty years ago; until I fell from grace. I supi'ose. I have always been interested in Short- horn men aiul Shortliorn cattle. I grew up near the home of Daniel .M<-Milleu. and always Inive lieen an admirer of Shorthorn cattle. I never lea\e a pen of Shorthorns but I feel as if I would like to stay a little longer ami look the cattle over. Y'ou have good cattle and 1 tliink yoit ou.ght to i)rove it. I thank you. Vice-President Christian: I would like for some of you men to take this matter uj) and give us a good talk like this gentleman did. It Is one SHORTHOKX ]{]JEEDERs' ASSOCIATION. 227 of the best subjects thut we liave before us, :uid 1 would like to lieiir from all of you. Mr. Douuelly. have you had experience in feediuf^ a show steer? Mr. Donnelly: No. sir. not thai I care to s]ieak of. Vice-President (.'hristiau: FraiUv Cotton is in the audience and is a man that has made a great success, and we sliould like to hear fiom liim. Mr. Frank Cotton: As 1 said last niuht, 1 shoiUd lie seen and not heard. We have the cattle if we will briii!, tliem out. 1 am pidud that I showed one steer in my life and 1 cxjk ct I will show aiiolln'r one some time. A\ hen you talk .-iliout show steers not coming to the front, and you will have to wait another year, you will have to look out for ,Iohn Sullivan, for he will be a good steer next year. I have two steers thai 1 will feed. I am very much interested in the I'rofes.sor's description of an ideal show steer, and I think this steer of mine is of the type the Professor spoke of. 1 have a half lirother of John L. Sullivan. He looks to me very much like John L. Sullivan. l»ut in fact he is a better steer than John was at the same age. If he tinishes up good, I expect to show two steers next year, and I don't see why nun'e Shorthorn breeders do not do this. I sold this calf of mine at the International whih" he was a calf, and while I sold him pretty well. I hated to see him ^o, but lie went into good hands and will proi)ably do me just as much good. Tliis is something other breeders will not do. They will not sell the best calves they have. I am very much in favor of steer feeding. My father was a steer luan; he used to feed steers liy the car loads, but when he was feed- ing sti'ers there was no such thing as an International. If theie had lieen he would have been there with a load of steers. He was a steer man, and while I don't thiidi I am as good as he, I like to raise them just the same, and I try to get them as near right as I cm. If all of you will try just as h.-iid as I am trying to make good steers, we will not stand behind Mr. I'.radfutr or any one i-lsc. Iiei-ause we h:ive the c.-ittlc to make good steers. W. S. Itoi)ltins: 'riiere is one point of general interest to Shorthorn men, and to all j)eoplc who pi-cp;ire steers for the Intern.itional show. .\ gre.-it m:iny h:ive been taking stei I's to Chicago, and it seems to me th:il there is a disposition on the part of the buyers of the f;in;y steers to get them for less nn)ney than they are really wortn. There is competition there in the way id' selling these cattle. Mr. Clem Graves, who cime from this State, took a steer to the slmw. .ind after the show w.is over, they tried to buy for seven cents per pound. That w;is the best otTer that he got. He simply infornu'd thi'se men that he woulil not take si-veii c-ents, and would take the steer home before he would sell ;it this price. He took the steer back home with liim and went to ilic Initdier in Peru. Indiaii.M. .and got that man to Imy tliis steer :is .an .•idvcriiscmeiit for his 228 BOARD OF AOmcULTURE. (Miristnias market, and he boujilit him at twelve cents a pound; lie took him into town and decorated him and kept him three or four days; then he paraded through the strei'ts witli a band in front, and after tliis Initch- ered, and tlie cuts were readily sold at thirty cents a pound. The butcher started into the matter rather hesitatingly at the beginning, ))ut after his experience he wrote the matter up in the count}' paper, and announced tlie fact tiiat he would give twelve cents a pound for any steer fed in that county tliat was good enough to go to Chicago and Avin, and was brought back to his shop. That is a standing offer which he has made. This is the i)oint. If the Chicago buyers are inclined to discriminate, we are not obliged to sell to them; we are not tied to Chicago. This matter might be Avorked up in different localities in the State. What Mr. Graves has done could be done by any man in any county. President Christian: Captain Welch, are you still in the good work of feeding steers"? Captain Welch: No, sir, not yet this year. President Christian: It seems to me that there are enough men, and Shorthorn men, too, who have had experience, to give us a talk. We are here for information. Mr. John G. Gartiu: I think it would be well enough before you pro- ceed with the rest of the progi-am to appoint the Committee on Resolu- tions for our deceased brethren. If this is in order, I will make this a motion, that we authorize the chairman to appoint the committee. The motion was seconded and carried. President Christian: 1 will appoint Mr. W. S. Kobbins, Mr. Cotton and Professor Skinner. Profesor Skinner: I am not a member. President Christian: Then I will appoint Captain Welch in your place. This committee Avill report any time l>efore we adjourn. The next thing on the program is "'The Selection and Care of a Herd Bull," by H. H. Keim. -Mr. Gartin: Mr. President, Mr. Keim is on the progi-am for this sub- ject, l)ut I have a letter from him which I will read: "Ladoga, Indiana, January 6, 1904. "Gentlemen— I hurried home from Indianapolis because my wife was indisposed in the morning when I left home. Her condition now will not warrant my going to Indianapolis to fill my numljer on the program. I very much regret this, as it has been my full intention to be present, and that idea has just been abandoned. Hoping that you may have a good meeting, and that more competent speakers may discuss my topic, I am, Yours very truly, H. H. KEIM." snoRTiioKN breeders' association. 229 Prosidont C'liristian: As Mr. Keim is not here, vro must take this matter up anyliow. Mr. Donnelly, will yon please give lis your views in this matter of the care and selection of a lierd bull. You have had some experience in selecting and caring for one. Mr. Donnelly I am sorry, hut I have not prepared anything on this subject. I supposed that Mr. Keim would make a talk and we could dis- cuss tliat matter, but I am not prepared to give any talk on that subject. Prof. Skinner: He has a son some place here, if he has not gone out, and the son is a good representative of the father. I have had him in my classes, and I should like to hear him say something upon this question. President Christian: ^^'as tlie sod with tiie father when he selected that herd l)uHV yiv. Donnelly: Xot exactly. President Christian: Your experience is what we are after. Let's see what the son thinks of his father's selection. Mr. Donnelly. .Tr. : I certainly think that my fatlier's selection was good. I had thouglit tliat 1 would say something on tliis subjei-t and liad jotted the points down on ])aper. not l)eing able to remember them, and I will read Avliat 1 have written. selp:('ti()x and cauk or the iiehd iull. In the first place. 1 would re]teat a statenu'ut often made tliat the bull is one-half of the herd. He is one of the factors in every product and he may be more than half. This being so, the greatest care and thouJ:ht must be given in ilie selection of a breeding bull. We must select a fine anim.-il. a vigorous and superior lireeder. It is very ditticidt to find a bull tlial fits these reiiuirements. and in my opinion there is no point on which success depends so much as on the selection of the sire. He must have liigli individuality, good lineage, masculinity and bodily vigor. Indivi of corn, liraii and oats, ("(pial i»arts by measure, chopped timothy hay is fed with his grain. Koots are fed in season. We also feed hay uncut. Some animals become too fat imder such treatment, but they generally lack in bodily vigor. Exercise is absolutely necessary to the best health of the sire and a pasture lot should be provided. An open shelter in this lot, so that tiie bull might go in and out at will, would be best. A tank, at which he might get pure water at all times wotild finish his (luarters. P.ut we can not have everything as we want it. If that was the case we would all have a superior breeding bull, and if Ave could select one every time we picked, I am sure Ave woidd mamige to take care of him. I'resident Christian: I believe he has done a great deal better than his father could have done. Professcu' Skinner: I am glad that 1 called on the .iunior; I didn't know he had a gun for us. President Christian: I thiid< Ave ought to have a very good discus- sion on this su1).ject. I don't think Ave need to go farther for a man to bring out the points. There are a great many men in this State, and in other States, that simi»ly throw their time and money away as well, by not putting more into a l)ull. This is of great importance. If you do not get the right kind of a bull you will not breed the right kind of cattle. Lots of time has been Avasted in this direction. Captain Welsh, you cer- tainlj'^ h^ve had some experience in this direction of selecting a herd bull. siioRTnoRN breeders' association. 231 Captain Welcli: Yfs. I have had some experience in tliis direction, but perhaps you would Icnow just as mucii if I would not say anything al)ont it. One's mistakes are worth lots to tliem. I wish, especially, that the yomi.i; men here knew of the mistakes that I have made tiiat have cost mo lots of money, and if I could tell these like Professor Skin- ner, or the gentleman over there. I Avoidd gladly stand here and tell yon about them. I have l)een coming to these meetings for a long time. l»nt I have never enjoyed a meeting as I have this one tliis morning. When it comes to selecting a herd bull Ave have troubles of our own. As the young man mentioned, we must select an animal witli a pedigree. If yon get one of tliese animals and don't lik<' him what arc you going to do? You can't sell him. for you woidd not recommend him to any one else. What will you do? Some of us can go and buy another. Right here I want to ask a question. AVhat proportion of a herd is a herd bull when tliere are five cowsV I would like for some gentleman to answer that (inestim. President Christian: Mr. Robhins should be able to answer tliat ques- tion as intelligently as any one in the room. Mr. Roliliins: I think that matter should be left with t!ie judge. I should consider him half tlie herd at least. What proi)ortion d(j you think he should be considered? President Christian: If lie is a good one. 1 am like you. 1 think he should be considered a half, at least. He is at the liead of the four. Mr. Strange: I would like to mention one point. If I see that the disposition of the bull is not right I will turn liini down at once. 1 don't care what his pedigree, his individualit.v, or l)reed is. I don't want a bull with a bad disposition mixed in my herd of cattle. 1 saw a bull that a man paid .$T..1uO for; he was imi)orted, as a high standard bidl. He was paraded all over this countr.v. but that l)ull t(M)k two men. one on either side of him with a strong pole and a chain to lead him out so that peojile could see him. I would not want a calf of this disposition: 1 wnuld not want him in my herd. I want a quiet disposition in tlie bull I breed into my herd. I thiid< this is very essential. I always look for individuality first. I want a strong constitution. I do not want a bull with too heavy a J)one, but a neat bone, and a good constittition. Calves from this bull will be good calves. If his calves are not good, there is something l.-ick- ing in the bull. He is not strong enough bred. I want a \n\U to caii-y his individuality down into the herd of 'his offspring .so that I can see them marked plainly through the herd. I do not believe it is wise, gentle- men, to get oin> bull to breed all of our females to. We can not do it. I <-aii'l tlo it: I never i-oukl. The same way with sheiji breeding. Some fellows will select a sin- and lireed the entire Hock to iiim I iiive never done this. I thiidc there is such a thing as ing»'nuity in mating the cattle. I started in this waj' with my draff li4»rses. It is n«)t tlie liorse that is 232 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. brought into tlio nci^jliborhoorl that p:ot my patronafro. I»ut I looked around until I fo